scholarly journals SUPPLY NETWORK POSITION AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM CHINESE LISTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1258-1277
Author(s):  
Jinyan Shia ◽  
Jiangheng Yang ◽  
Yanxi Li
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Network Centrality ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Structural Holes ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Network Position ◽  
Relational Embeddedness ◽  
High Level

The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between supply network position and firm performance. A-share manufacturing companies listed from 2013 to 2015 are chosen as the initial samples, and large sample supply networks are constructed with relational embeddedness and structural embeddedness. The location of supply network is depicted by network centrality and structural hole with social network analysis, and the influence of supply network position on the corporate performance is examined with multiple OLS regression analysis. This paper observes that a firms’ supply network position is an important factor affecting its performance. The higher the network centrality is, the richer the structural holes are, and the worse the company’s performance is. The results suggest that firms that have a high level of centrality or rich structural holes in their supply networks will gain limited information, resource and control benefits and face great business risks that may negatively influence their performance.

scholarly journals The effect of supply network and management control system on the efficiency and profitability of manufacturing companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 963-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slamet Riyadi ◽  
Mulyanto Nugroho ◽  
Donny Arif
Keyword(s):  
Management Control ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Management Control System ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Meaningful Relationship ◽  
The Social ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Survey Approach ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research was conducted to analyze the influence of supply networks and management control systems on manufacturing companies' efficiency and profitability in East Java, Indonesia. With increasing competition, it takes the design of a system integrated to obtain profitability of the company. The study uses a quantitative descriptive method with a survey approach using a questionnaire data collection tool. Data analysis is operated using the theory of path analysis to determine the magnitude of the value of each construct calculated in the test equipment. From the results of the tests that have been conducted, only the supply network has no significant effect on efficiency. At the same time, other variables have a close and meaningful relationship. The study concluded that only one construct of the five hypotheses had an insignificant influence on bound variables. The main finding of this study is that companies should also have sensitivity to the social environment created as part of the supply network, as it can reduce the value of the Company's profitability if not designed appropriately and accurately.

scholarly journals Predicting Hidden Links in Supply Networks

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brintrup ◽  
P. Wichmann ◽  
P. Woodall ◽  
D. McFarlane ◽  
E. Nicks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Network Link ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Exciting Possibility

Manufacturing companies often lack visibility of the procurement interdependencies between the suppliers within their supply network. However, knowledge of these interdependencies is useful to plan for potential operational disruptions. In this paper, we develop the Supply Network Link Predictor (SNLP) method to infer supplier interdependencies using the manufacturer’s incomplete knowledge of the network. SNLP uses topological data to extract relational features from the known network to train a classifier for predicting potential links. Using a test case from the automotive industry, four features are extracted: (i) number of existing supplier links, (ii) overlaps between supplier product portfolios, (iii) product outsourcing associations, and (iv) likelihood of buyers purchasing from two suppliers together. Naïve Bayes and Logistic Regression are then employed to predict whether these features can help predict interdependencies between two suppliers. Our results show that these features can indeed be used to predict interdependencies in the network and that predictive accuracy is maximised by (i) and (iii). The findings give rise to the exciting possibility of using data analytics for improving supply chain visibility. We then proceed to discuss to what extent such approaches can be adopted and their limitations, highlighting next steps for future work in this area.

scholarly journals Robustness of Cyber-Physical Supply Networks in Cascading Failures

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 769
Author(s):  
Dong Mu ◽  
Xiongping Yue ◽  
Huanyu Ren
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Cascading Failure ◽  
Cascading Failures ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Defense Strategies ◽  
Critical Thresholds ◽  
Network Load ◽  
Physical Node ◽  
Simulation Results

A cyber-physical supply network is composed of an undirected cyber supply network and a directed physical supply network. Such interdependence among firms increases efficiency but creates more vulnerabilities. The adverse effects of any failure can be amplified and propagated throughout the network. This paper aimed at investigating the robustness of the cyber-physical supply network against cascading failures. Considering that the cascading failure is triggered by overloading in the cyber supply network and is provoked by underload in the physical supply network, a realistic cascading model for cyber-physical supply networks is proposed. We conducted a numerical simulation under cyber node and physical node failure with varying parameters. The simulation results demonstrated that there are critical thresholds for both firm’s capacities, which can determine whether capacity expansion is helpful; there is also a cascade window for network load distribution, which can determine the cascading failures occurrence and scale. Our work may be beneficial for developing cascade control and defense strategies in cyber-physical supply networks.

Board demographic diversity, firm performance and strategic change

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1110-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kipkirong Tarus ◽  
Federico Aime
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Strategic Change ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Demographic Diversity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fixed Effects Regression ◽  
High Level

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of boards’ demographic diversity on firms’ strategic change and the interaction effect of firm performance. Design/methodology/approach – This paper used secondary data derived from publicly listed firms in Kenya during 2002-2010 and analyzed the data using fixed effects regression model to test the effect of board demographic and strategic change, while moderated regression analysis was used to test the moderating effect of firm performance. Findings – The results partially supported board demographic diversity–strategic change hypothesis. In particular, results indicate that age diversity produces less strategic change, while functional diversity is associated with greater levels of strategic change. The moderated regression results do not support our general logic that high firm performance enhances board demographic diversity–strategic change relationship. In effect, the results reveal that at high level of firm performance, board demographic diversity produces less strategic change. Originality/value – Despite few studies that have examined board demographic diversity and firm performance, this paper introduces strategic change as an outcome variable. This paper also explores the moderating role of firm performance in board demographic diversity–strategic change relationship, and finally, the study uses Kenyan dataset which in itself is unique because most governance and strategy research uses data from developed countries.

scholarly journals Hierarchical decision processes that operate over distinct timescales underlie choice and changes in strategy

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (31) ◽  
pp. E4531-E4540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braden A. Purcell ◽  
Roozbeh Kiani
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Decision Strategy ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Hierarchical Decision ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level

Decision-making in a natural environment depends on a hierarchy of interacting decision processes. A high-level strategy guides ongoing choices, and the outcomes of those choices determine whether or not the strategy should change. When the right decision strategy is uncertain, as in most natural settings, feedback becomes ambiguous because negative outcomes may be due to limited information or bad strategy. Disambiguating the cause of feedback requires active inference and is key to updating the strategy. We hypothesize that the expected accuracy of a choice plays a crucial rule in this inference, and setting the strategy depends on integration of outcome and expectations across choices. We test this hypothesis with a task in which subjects report the net direction of random dot kinematograms with varying difficulty while the correct stimulus−response association undergoes invisible and unpredictable switches every few trials. We show that subjects treat negative feedback as evidence for a switch but weigh it with their expected accuracy. Subjects accumulate switch evidence (in units of log-likelihood ratio) across trials and update their response strategy when accumulated evidence reaches a bound. A computational framework based on these principles quantitatively explains all aspects of the behavior, providing a plausible neural mechanism for the implementation of hierarchical multiscale decision processes. We suggest that a similar neural computation—bounded accumulation of evidence—underlies both the choice and switches in the strategy that govern the choice, and that expected accuracy of a choice represents a key link between the levels of the decision-making hierarchy.

Architecting Fail-Safe Supply Networks

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabnam Rezapour ◽  
Ramakrishnan S. Srinivasan ◽  
Jeffrey Tew ◽  
Janet K. Allen ◽  
Farrokh Mistree
Keyword(s):  
Service Level ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Flow Dynamic ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Uncertainty Sources ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Stochastic Events ◽  
Fail Safe ◽  
The Impact

A fail-safe network is one that mitigates the impact of different uncertainty sources and provides the most profitable level of service. This is achieved by having 1) a structurally fail-safe topology against rare but high magnitude stochastic events called disruptions and 2) an operationally fail-safe flow dynamic against frequent but low magnitude stochastic events called variations. A structurally fail-safe network should be robust and resilient against disruptions. Robustness and resilience respectively determine how well and how quickly disruptions are handled by the SN. Flow planning must be reliable in an operationally fail-safe supply network against variations to provide the most profitable service level to customers. We formulate the problem of designing/redesigning fail-safe supply networks as a compromise Decision Support Problem. We analyze the correlations among robustness, resilience, and profit for supply networks and propose a method for supply network managers to use when they need to find a compromise among robustness, resilience, and profit.

scholarly journals An assessment of the moderating role of employees’ cultural orientations amongst foreign manufacturing multinational companies in Kenya

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice A. Dimba ◽  
Robert Rugimbana
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Cultural Orientations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

Orientation: This article investigates the question, of whether culture really matters in implementing international strategic human resource management (SHRM) practices.Research purpose: Specifically, this study sought to investigate the extent to which employee cultural orientations moderate the link between SHRM practices and firm performance in large foreign manufacturing multinational companies in Kenya. Motivation for the study: Large foreign multinational companies have generally applied SHRM practices without adaptation when trying to improve employee performance even though resource based perspectives argue for the consideration of employees’ cultural orientations. Research design, approach and method: SHRM practices were conceptualised as independent variables measured through distinct practices. Organisational performance as a dependent variable was measured using constructs of image, interpersonal relations, and product quality. Cultural dimensions adopted for this study were power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism or collectivism, and masculinity or femininity. The above conceptual framework was tested by the use of both quantitative and qualitative techniques with data from fifty (50) large foreign multinational companies operating in Kenya. Main findings: Findings indicated that the relationship between SHRM practices and firm performance depend to a greater extent on employee cultural orientations when power distance is considered. Power distance (PD) refers to the extent of people accepting that power in institutions and organisations when distributed unequally. The greater the PD, the greater the acceptance of this inequality. Practical/managerial implications: The study supported the notion that the relationship between SHRM practices and firm performance is moderated by power distance through motivation but not by the other three bipolar dimensions namely, Uncertainty Avoidance, Masculinity or Femininity and Individualism or Collectivism. Contribution/value-add: This is the first large-scale empirical article that has focused on the moderating role of employees’ cultural orientations in large foreign manufacturing companies operating in Kenya.

scholarly journals Implications of ownership identity and insider’s supremacy on the economic performance of the listed companies

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-411
Author(s):  
Qaiser Rafique Yasser ◽  
Abdullah Al-Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

We adopt a multi-theoretic approach to investigate a previously unexplored phenomenon in extant literature, namely the differential impact of ownership identity and director dominate shareholding on the performance of emerging market firms. The main research question addressed is, whether the impact of this relationship is conditional on the identity of the block investor. First, the relationship between overall block ownership and firm performance is tested by employing multiple regressions on 500 firm-year observations for the period from 2007 to 2011. Then, the block ownership is classified as the state, individuals, insiders, financial institutions, corporate and foreign investors and the influence of these identities on firm performance is examined. It was found that only the ownership categories such as the government, institutions and foreign ownership have positive influence on the firm performance. The results also indicate that high level of insider ownership also negatively associated with the firm performance. The main contribution of this paper is the examination of the relationship between block ownership and firm performance from the perspective of the identity of investors

scholarly journals The Impact of Supply Chain Partnership on Firm Performance: an Empirical Study Based on Listed Manufacturing Companies in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Panxin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Additional Test ◽  
Global Business ◽  
The Impact

Today, Supply Chain Management (SCM) is regarded as an essential strategic factor, which has a great deal of influence on earning competitiveness in global business environment. There are conflicts among all members of the SCM. In order to maximize the total profit of the SCM, negotiation among all members is necessary. For enterprise in the supply chain, the supply chain partnership has become a significant factor affecting firm performance. In this paper, I examine the impact of cooperation between enterprise and its supply chain partners. Specifically, I collect survey data from Chinese manufacturing firms about their relations with partners and use regression analysis to test hypotheses about the associations between firm performance and supply chain partnership. My results support that superior supplier partnership has a positive impact on reducing transaction costs and improving financial and market performance. In additional test, I establish a series of models with interactive terms. The results of additional test indicate that the impact is enhanced if the competition of each sub industry of the manufacturing industry is different. Above all, I put forward the following suggestions. Enterprise managers could establish an evaluation mechanism of suppliers and retailers, which select high-quality cooperative partners and reduce low-quality transaction costs for enterprises. When participating in business operation, shareholders could comprehensively understand the business conditions of various supply partners and choose reliable supply chain partners for investment. Also, the government can guide the realization of resource sharing and information exchange among supply chain enterprises, which is beneficial to create a more competitive supply chain to promote economic development.

Performance Measurement and E-Reporting

2012 ◽  
pp. 544-560
Author(s):  
Kathryn Kloby
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Agency Staff ◽  
Data Manipulation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Performance Measurement Systems ◽  
High Level

Public sector performance measurement systems are often designed by high-level administrators and agency staff. In many instances performance reports are treated as internal documents or provide limited information of how government actions impact the lives of citizens or fall short of expectations. Performance measurement and reporting approaches, however, are gradually changing to include citizens in the process and to communicate results in a more robust way to the public. This chapter explores the topic of e-reporting and the potential it offers to engage the public in the assessment of government performance. Three exemplary programs are examined: Virginia Performs, Maryland’s BayStat, and King County AIMs High. Each offers useful techniques for describing program objectives, showing government progress, making data available, and exploring interactive mechanisms that support data manipulation or customization. The chapter concludes with a discussion of future areas of research.

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