scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN SELECTED POST-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES IN EUROPE: INVESTIGATING CROSS-CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Mateusz Tomal ◽  
Andrzej Szromnik
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Alternative Research ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Main goal of this study is to explore the entrepreneurial intentions of students in selected European post-communist states. The second purpose of the research is to learn about those determinants which, according to the respondents themselves, are essential for the emergence of entrepreneurial intentions. In short, the results of hierarchical multiple OLS regression indicated that the most important factor influencing the entrepreneurial intentions of the surveyed students was entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Moreover, based on estimates of the final regression model, it was identified that dummy variables concerning the respondents’ country significantly moderate the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the dependent variable. It can be noted that the strength of the impact of the above-mentioned regressor is closely related to the values of Hofstede’s dimensions of national culture. The obtained results were fully confirmed using an alternative research method, i.e. the ordered logit model. In the second stage of the study, it was revealed that the desire to be independent is the most frequently cited factor motivating the respondents to start their own business. Moreover, using the multiple marginal independence (MMI) testing method, it was found that student responses differ significantly among the examined countries, except for two cases, i.e. Russia and Latvia, and the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

The impact of abstract thinking on entrepreneurial intentions

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Bazzy ◽  
Adam R. Smith ◽  
Teresa Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Abstract Thinking ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Training ◽  
Perceived Desirability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test a theoretical model examining the potential impact of abstract thinking on entrepreneurial intentions (EI). The impact of perceived desirability of entrepreneurship on the relationship between abstraction and intentions was also examined. Design/methodology/approach A total of 155 participants completed measures of abstraction, self-efficacy, desirability and EI. Hierarchical regression was used. A bootstrapping approach was utilized to test for mediation. Findings High levels of abstraction were positively related to EI, while also interacting with self-efficacy. High levels of abstraction counteracted otherwise low levels of self-efficacy, resulting in subsequently higher intentions. The perceived desirability of entrepreneurship mediated the relationship between abstraction and EI. Research limitations/implications The scope of analysis and student population sample may limit generalizability. Practical implications The results identify a cognitive process that may help individuals overcome feasibility concerns. Entrepreneurial training programs might choose to instruct individuals that, when encountering a roadblock, they should focus on their ideals and the bigger picture rather than being discouraged by the challenges of the process. Originality/value The results provide insight into the psychological processes that lead individuals to become entrepreneurs. The study helps in explaining the mechanism by which a tendency toward abstract thinking leads to stronger EI and identifies an additional antecedent to individuals’ perceptions of desirability toward entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals The Effect of Servant Leadership on Self-Efficacy and Innovative Behaviour: Verification of the Moderated Mediating Effect of Vocational Calling

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Yunho Ji ◽  
HyunJoong Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Vocational Calling ◽  
Conditional Effect ◽  
Innovative Behaviour ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to verify the impact of servant leadership on innovative behaviour in non-governmental organisations (NGOs). It particularly investigated the role of a mediator for self-efficacy in the relationship between servant leadership and innovative behaviour. This study defined the organisational psychology-behaviour mechanism in non-profit organisations by verifying the moderated mediating effect of vocational calling in the relationship between servant leadership, self-efficacy, and innovative behaviour. The 174 pilot samples used in this study comprised community service participants in NGOs. The analysis verified the hypothesis set through causal correlations among four variables using regression analysis and the PROCESS macro developed by Hayes. Vocational calling played a moderating role in the relationship between servant leadership and self-efficacy, and vocational calling had a conditional effect on the impact of servant leadership on innovative behaviour through self-efficacy. Meanwhile, self-efficacy fully mediated servant leadership and innovative behaviour. Based on the verification of the mechanism of organisational psychology-action, this study sought ways to develop the organisation of NGOs and improve the working environment.

The Relationship between Mentoring Functions and Employee Performance: Mediating Effects of Protégé Relational Self-Efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shoukat Malik ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Nawaz
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relational Self ◽  
Mentoring Functions ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Organizational scholars concurred that positive workplace relationships with others can helps employee to gain from these relationships but, they lack insights into how or why this occurs. Moreover, the relationship dynamics focus on what the relationships provide without considering the how these relationships initiated, builds and maintains. To line of this, the current study aims to find the impact of mentoring functions (career, psychosocial, role modeling) and employee performance (career success, organization citizenship behavior, and job performance) via mediating effect of relational self-efficacy. For this purpose, the data were gathered from 310 branch banking employees of Pakistani conventional banks. PLS-SEM was used for data analysis. The results indicate that there is direct relationship between mentoring functions and employee’s performance. Moreover, the finding also shows that employee relational self-efficacy mediates the relationship between mentoring functions and employee performance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed along with suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial Socialization and Psychological Capital: Cross-Cultural and Multigroup Analyses of Impact of Mentoring, Optimism, and Self-Efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intentions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Baluku ◽  
Leonsio Matagi ◽  
Khamisi Musanje ◽  
Julius Fred Kikooma ◽  
Kathleen Otto
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
East African ◽  
Country Differences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
African Sample

This study demonstrates that psychological capital is essential in the process of developing and strengthening entrepreneurial intentions. We specifically investigate the mediating roles of optimism and self-efficacy facets of psychological capital in the relationship between entrepreneurial mentoring and intentions. The study was conducted among 1,272 young persons from Germany and East Africa (Uganda and Kenya). These included 784 final year university students and 488 wage employed. A multigroup analysis was applied to test for the effects of employment status and country differences. Results indicate that mentoring, optimism, and self-efficacy are positively correlated with entrepreneurial intentions. Findings also supported the hypothesized-mediated mediation model that mentoring impacts on entrepreneurial intentions through optimism and self-efficacy. The association of entrepreneurial mentoring on intentions was higher among the Germany participants than in the East African sample as well as among the students compared with employed individuals. Practical and theoretical implications of our findings are discussed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Challenge and Hindrance Stressors on Thriving at Work Double Mediation Based on Affect and Motivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yang ◽  
Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Expectancy Theory ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Path Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Thriving At Work

Although the relationship between stressors and thriving at work has been established, the linkage between them is still in the early stages of theory development. This study proposed a two-path model, based on Lepine’s stressors-performance model, to analyze the effects of the stressors on the thriving at work. Two complementary mediating paths were proposed, i.e., affective strain (positive affect) and motivation (self-efficacy), which were explained using affective events theory and expectancy theory, respectively. Based on the empirical data from 233 employees, the results show that challenge stressors could enhance employees’ positive affect and self-efficacy, thus leading to thriving at work; on the contrary, hindrance stressors would result in negative influences. In addition, it is also found that the effect of affective path tend to be greater than that of motivation path, which could provide a practical guide for organizations to effectively apply stress management and to promote employees thriving at work.

scholarly journals From Dependence to Independence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Azura Mokhtar ◽  
Shaheen Majid ◽  
Schubert Foo
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Mediated Learning ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Information Skills ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Library Skills ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Although it is widely believed that information literacy (IL) competencies are useful in helping students perform better in their schoolwork and beyond, limited empirical evidence is available showing the relationship between IL competencies and IL education. While a lot of research has been done worldwide and most of the findings have proven that IL is a much-needed skill by students, little research has been conducted on IL teaching approaches or what is termed IL pedagogy. To date, studies on IL have mainly focused only on students’ information skills per se, on library skills or on ICT education. None of these studies has assessed the different approaches to IL education. This paper provides an overview of a research study that investigates the impact of an IL teaching approach in the form of personalised coaching, which is grounded in the pedagogy known as mediated learning, on students’ level and applicability of IL competencies. Through the application of a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control-group design, as well as student responses in the post-experiment semi-structured group interviews, it was found that personalised coaching (or mediated learning) helps students perform better in the learning and application of IL competencies.

scholarly journals Range data reported to the requirements of the IAS 12 and impact of the IFRS adoption for tax purposes in the tax collection of the Czech Republic

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Jirásková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Range Data ◽  
Tax Collection ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Accounting Regulation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

An issue of relationship between corporate income tax and accounting is one of the most discussed at present. Until recently the tax base was derived from the accounting profit defined in the Czech accounting law. But from 2004 there are companies which have to use IFRS in bookkeeping and financial reporting and from the perspective of the Czech accounting law they do not care about Czech accounting regulation. On the other hand Czech tax regulation has not accepted this change in the field of European accounting harmonization and still directs to pay tax on the basis of Czech accounting regulation for all entities. Fear of adverse change in tax collection is one of the main reasons why the Czech Tax Administration does not allow to pay income tax under profit or loss patterned on IFRS. The most important goal of this work is to characterize the relationship between accounting profit or loss under IFRS and the tax base of income and to find out the impact of taxation under profit in accordance with IFRS in total tax collection. Basic sample of all analyses consists of 35 accounting entities which mandatorily use IFRS and this sample was also confronted with a list of 106 major payers of income tax published yearly by the Ministry of Finance of the Czech Republic for the needs characterization of the relationship of profit under IFRS and the tax base of income.

The power of peers

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetta Bellò ◽  
Veronica Mattana ◽  
Michela Loi
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Although the role of creativity in the entrepreneurial process has long been analysed, only recently scholars have begun addressing its influence on entrepreneurial intentions, showing that complex dynamics characterise this relationship. The purpose of this paper is to understand the surrounding mechanisms (moderation and mediation) that connect creativity to entrepreneurial intentions, with a focus on social context and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Design/methodology/approach A structured questionnaire was administered to a sample of 507 students from 17 to 21 years old. The effect of creativity on entrepreneurial intentions and the moderating role of social context were tested with a three-step hierarchical regression, while the mediating effect of self-efficacy was tested by a multiple regression analysis based on the bootstrapping method. Findings The results reveal that: peers who encourage entrepreneurship moderate the relationship between creativity and entrepreneurial intentions by strengthening this relationship, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy mediates the relationship between creativity and entrepreneurial intentions. Research limitations/implications In light of these results, institutions should draw attention to how creative potential in students differs in order to provide new educational programmes to strengthen self-efficacy in entrepreneurial students and support encouraging social context of peers in which entrepreneurial intentions can be fostered. Originality/value The study, by responding to the suggestions of conducting research on the interface between creativity and entrepreneurship (Shane and Nicolaou, 2015), brings new empirical details regarding the mechanisms that link creativity to entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, it casts light on the interaction between dispositional and social variables, showing the crucial role of peers in enhancing the interaction between creativity and intentions.

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