scholarly journals Advanced computational methods of perpendicularly loaded laminated glass panes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Hána ◽  
Miroslav Vokáč ◽  
Martina Eliášová ◽  
Klára V. Machalická
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Stress State ◽  
Shear Stiffness ◽  
Laminated Glass ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Glass Pane ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Dependent Parameter ◽  
A Current

Various examples of glass load bearing structures such as beams, columns, panes, or even stairs are used in a current architecture. For safety reasons, these members are mostly made of laminated glass. Polymeric interlayers are used for glass plates bonding and their shear stiffness, as a time-temperature dependent parameter, meaningly influences the response of the entire perpendicularly loaded laminated glass pane. Even though the shear stiffness of the interlayer is available, the exact stress-state analysis of the pane is rather challenging. This paper compares the results of perpendicularly loaded double laminated glass panes at various boundary conditions, calculated by current advanced analytical methods and by the draft of the European standard prEN 16612 to the numerical simulation performed in RFEM 5®. Important differences between these methods are illustrated. Futher recommendations for a design of these structures in practice are also provided.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Magnetic Dipole Flow Over a Stretching Sheet in the Presence of Non-Uniform Heat Source/Sink

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Souayeh ◽  
Essam Yasin ◽  
Mir Waqas Alam ◽  
Syed Ghazanfar Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Magnetic Dipole ◽  
Stretching Sheet ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Flow Equations ◽  
Uniform Heat ◽  
Dependent Parameter ◽  
Source Sink

The main objective of current communication is to present a mathematical model and numerical simulation for momentum and heat transference characteristics of Maxwell nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet. Further, magnetic dipole, non-uniform heat source/sink, and chemical reaction effects are considered. By using well-known similarity transformation, formulated flow equations are modelled into OD equations. Numerical solutions of the governing flow equations are attained by utilizing the shooting method consolidated with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta with shooting system. Graphical results are deliberated and scrutinized for the consequence of different parameters on fluid characteristics. Results reveal that the temperature profile accelerates for diverse values of space dependent parameter, but it shows opposite behaviour for escalated integrity of temperature dependent parameter.

scholarly journals Nonlinear modelling of the seismic response of masonry structures: Calibration strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Maria D’Altri ◽  
Francesco Cannizzaro ◽  
Massimo Petracca ◽  
Diego Alejandro Talledo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Shear Stiffness ◽  
Model Material ◽  
National Standards ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Nonlinear Modelling ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Panel Stiffness

AbstractIn this paper, a simple and practitioners-friendly calibration strategy to consistently link target panel-scale mechanical properties (that can be found in national standards) to model material-scale mechanical properties is presented. Simple masonry panel geometries, with various boundary conditions, are utilized to test numerical models and calibrate their mechanical properties. The calibration is successfully conducted through five different numerical models (most of them available in commercial software packages) suitable for nonlinear modelling of masonry structures, using nonlinear static analyses. Firstly, the panel stiffness calibration is performed, focusing the attention to the shear stiffness. Secondly, the panel strength calibration is conducted for several axial load ratios by attempts using as reference the target panel strength deduced by well-known analytical strength criteria. The results in terms of panel strength for the five different models show that this calibration strategy appears effective in obtaining model properties coherent with Italian National Standard and Eurocode. Open issues remain for the calibration of the post-peak response of masonry panels, which still appears highly conventional in the standards.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Consideration of the Strength of Snow

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (43) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. H. Ballard ◽  
E. D. Feldt
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Consideration ◽  
Failure Surface ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Dependent Parameter ◽  
Potential Failure ◽  
Image Position

AbstractA consideration of possible expressions for the number and size of bonds intersected by a potential failure surface leads to the following expression for the strength of snow, σf, which is age-hardening at a constant porosity n: where σi is the strength of ice, tf is the time at failure, α is a parameter specifically related to the mechanism of bonding, and ω is a temperature-dependent parameter. Allowing tf to become infinite provides the envelope of maximum strength for fully age-hardened snow at any porosity n.

Numerical Simulation of Electromagnetic Actuator for Impedance Pumping

2011 ◽  
Vol 483 ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia Yen Lee ◽  
Chang Hsien Tai ◽  
Chin Lung Chang ◽  
Chien Hsiung Tsai ◽  
Yao Nan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Cover Plate ◽  
Electromagnetic Actuator ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
Impedance Mismatch ◽  
Glass Cover ◽  
Impedance Pump ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
A Current

This study designs and analyzes an impedance pump utilizing an electromagnetic actuator. The pump is designed to have three major components, namely a lower glass substrate patterned with a copper micro-coil, a microchannel, and an upper glass cover plate attached a magnetic PDMS diaphragm. When a current is passed through the micro-coil, an electromagnetic force is established between the coil and the magnetic diaphragm. The resulting deflection of the PDMS diaphragm creates an acoustic impedance mismatch within the microchannel, which results in a net flow. Overall, the simulated results reveal that a net flow rate of 52.8 μl/min can be obtained using a diaphragm displacement of 31.5 μm induced by a micro-coil input current of 0.5 A. The impedance pump proposed in this study provides a valuable contribution to the ongoing development of Lab-on-Chips (LoCs) systems.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Study of Viscoelastic Properties of Polymeric Interlayers Used for Laminated Glass: Determination of Material Parameters

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Hána ◽  
Tomáš Janda ◽  
Jaroslav Schmidt ◽  
Alena Zemanová ◽  
Michal Šejnoha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Shear Stiffness ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Polyvinyl Butyral ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Laminated Glass ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Lap Shear

An accurate material representation of polymeric interlayers in laminated glass panes has proved fundamental for a reliable prediction of their response in both static and dynamic loading regimes. This issue is addressed in the present contribution by examining the time–temperature sensitivity of the shear stiffness of two widely used interlayers made of polyvinyl butyral (TROSIFOL BG R20) and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVALAM 80-120). To that end, an experimental program has been executed to compare the applicability of two experimental techniques, (i) dynamic torsional tests and (ii) dynamic single-lap shear tests, in providing data needed in a subsequent calibration of a suitable material model. Herein, attention is limited to the identification of material parameters of the generalized Maxwell chain model through the combination of linear regression and the Nelder–Mead method. The choice of the viscoelastic material model has also been supported experimentally. The resulting model parameters confirmed a strong material variability of both interlayers with temperature and time. While higher initial shear stiffness was observed for the polyvinyl butyral interlayer in general, the ethylene-vinyl acetate interlayer exhibited a less pronounced decay of stiffness over time and a stiffer response in long-term loading.

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