scholarly journals A CASE STUDY ON BIOMASS BURNING IN VAIDOTAI SETTLEMENT / BIOMASĖS DEGINIMO TYRIMAI VAIDOTŲ KATILINĖJE

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Tomas Ališauskas ◽  
Gintas Viselga ◽  
Algirdas Jasinskas
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Harmful Substances

The paper presents experimental research on the moisture of sawdust affected by the combustion of fossil fuels in the boiler with reference to studies on environmental pollution. The article has established the influence of the moisture content of sawdust on the amount of harmful substances found in the environment. The results of the undertaken analysis are provided in a graphical form. Santrauka Straipsnyje pateikti eksperimentiniai drėgnio įtakos, pjuvenas deginant kietojo kuro katile, aplinkos taršos tyrimai. Nustatyta pjuvenų drėgnio įtaka kenksmingų medžiagų išmetimų į aplinką kiekiui. Atlikta gautų rezultatų analizė, pateikta jų grafinė išraiška.

scholarly journals Sustainable Transport in the Danube Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6797
Author(s):  
Peter Mako ◽  
Andrej Dávid ◽  
Patrik Böhm ◽  
Sorin Savu
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Inland Water ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
Inland Water Transport

Sustainability of transport systems is a key issue in transport. The main question is whether high levels of road and railway transport in areas along navigable waterways is an effective solution for this issue. The Danube waterway is an example. Generally, it is not observed that traffic performance is not as high as on the Rhine. This paper deals with the revelation of the available capacity of this waterway based on approximation functions and their comparison with real transport performances. This methodology points to the level of use of waterways. The connection of this model with the production of fossil fuels creates a basis for a case study. The case study in this paper offers a possibility for a sustainable and environmentally friendly transition from road transport to inland water transport on the example of specific transport routes. The main contribution of this paper is a presentation of the application of sustainable models of use transport capacity to increase the share of environmentally friendly and sustainable inland water transport. The conclusion based on the case study and materials is that the available capacity of inland water transport on the Danube could support the transition of traffic performances to sustainable and environmentally friendly means of transport.

A case study of Tigers river next to Wasit University; example on the Iraqi environmental pollution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma A. Khazaal ◽  
Ameera Hassan Hamed ◽  
Zaid M. Abbas ◽  
Ruaa Issa Muslim ◽  
Mustafa M. Kadhim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION BY WASTEWATER FROM BROWN COAL PROCESSING ¬ A REMEDIATION CASE STUDY IN GERMANY

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arndt Wiessner ◽  
Jochen A. Müller ◽  
Peter Kuschk ◽  
Uwe Kappelmeyer ◽  
Matthias Kästner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Phenolic Wastewater ◽  
Term Monitoring

The large scale of the contamination by the former carbo-chemical industry in Germany requires new and often interdisciplinary approaches for performing an economically sustainable remediation. For example, a highly toxic and dark-colored phenolic wastewater from a lignite pyrolysis factory was filled into a former open-cast pit, forming a large wastewater disposal pond. This caused an extensive environmental pollution, calling for an ecologically and economically acceptable strategy for remediation. Laboratory-scale investigations and pilot-scale tests were carried out. The result was the development of a strategy for an implementation of full-scale enhanced in situ natural attenuation on the basis of separate habitats in a meromictic pond. Long-term monitoring of the chemical and biological dynamics of the pond demonstrates the metamorphosis of a former highly polluted industrial waste deposition into a nature-integrated ecosystem with reduced danger for the environment, and confirmed the strategy for the chosen remediation management.

Incorporating Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in Freight Transportation Infrastructure Project Evaluation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumith Kumar Oduru ◽  
Pasi Lautala
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Freight Transportation ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Simplified Lca ◽  
Modal Route

Transportation industry at large is a major consumer of fossil fuels and contributes heavily to the global greenhouse gas emissions. A significant portion of these emissions come from freight transportation and decisions on mode/route may affect the overall scale of emissions from a specific movement. It is common to consider several alternatives for a new freight activity and compare the alternatives from economic perspective. However, there is a growing emphasis for adding emissions to this evaluation process. One of the approaches to do this is through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); a method for estimating the emissions, energy consumption and environmental impacts of the project throughout its life cycle. Since modal/route selections are often investigated early in the planning stage of the project, availability of data and resources for analysis may become a challenge for completing a detailed LCA on alternatives. This research builds on such detailed LCA comparison performed on a previous case study by Kalluri et al. (2016), but it also investigates whether a simplified LCA process that only includes emissions from operations phase could be used as a less resource intensive option for the analysis while still providing relevant outcomes. The detailed LCA is performed using SimaPro software and simplified LCA is performed using GREET 2016 model. The results are obtained in terms of Kg CO2 equivalents of GHG emissions. This paper introduces both detailed and simplified methodologies and applies them to a case study of a nickel and copper mine in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The analysis’ are done for three modal alternatives (two truck routes and one rail route) and for multiple mine lives.

scholarly journals Soil Bio-Impact Effectiveness for the Optimal Multicriterial Environmental Sustainability in Crop Production

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Vilma Naujokienė ◽  
Daiva Rimkuvienė ◽  
Egidijus Šarauskis
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Soil Stability ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Multicriteria Assessment

Different bio-impacts affect the various properties and composition of soil, plant residues, harvests, and technological processes, as well as the interactions between different parts of the soil, working machine tools, energy consumption and environmental pollution with harmful gases. To summarize the wide-coverage investigations of various aspects of different bio-impact parameters, a multicriteria evaluation was conducted. Experimental research shows that different bioeffects such as those of agricultural practices can be oriented towards a reduction in fuel consumption, followed by reductions in CO2 emissions from machinery and changes in soil properties, dynamics of composition, yield and other parameters. A multicriteria assessment of the essential parameters would give farmers new opportunities to choose one optimal decision for reducing fuel consumption and increasing agricultural production, thereby reducing the negative environmental impact of soil cultivation processes, increasing yields and improving soil. Of all the properties investigated, from a practical point of view, the selection of the most important of all the essential links, such as reducing energy and expenditure, reducing environmental pollution, improving soil, and increasing yields and productivity, is reasonable. The evaluation of the bio-impact effects in agriculture by accounting for many criteria from several aspects was the main objective of the multicriteria assessment using the analytic hierarchy process. Based on the results of a multivariable research of fuel consumption—C1, C2, yield—C3, CO2 from soil—C4, density—C5, total porosity—C6, humus—C7, soil stability—C8, and soil moisture content—C9, the evaluation used experimental research data and the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) mathematical method to find the best-case scenario. Multicriteria effectiveness was most pronounced after the first and third soil bio-impacts by using a solution of essential oils of plants, 40 species of various herbs extracts, marine algae extracts, mineral oils, Azospirillum sp. (N), Frateuria aurentia (K), Bacillus megaterium (P), seaweed extract. The most important goal was to achieve the best soil bio-impact effectiveness—minimized energy consumption from ploughing and disc harrowing operations, parallelly minimized harmful emissions from agricultural machinery, minimized CO2 from soil, soil density, maximized soil total porosity, soil humus, soil stability, yield and optimized soil moisture.

scholarly journals Model study of the cross-tropopause transport of biomass burning pollution

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 3713-3736 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Duncan ◽  
S. E. Strahan ◽  
Y. Yoshida ◽  
S. D. Steenrod ◽  
N. Livesey
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Extreme Event ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Tropical Tropopause Layer ◽  
Tropical Tropopause ◽  
El Niño Event ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. We present a modeling study of the troposphere-to-stratosphere transport (TST) of pollution from major biomass burning regions to the tropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS). TST occurs predominately through 1) slow ascent in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) to the LS and 2) quasi-horizontal exchange to the lowermost stratosphere (LMS). We show that biomass burning pollution regularly and significantly impacts the composition of the TTL, LS, and LMS. Carbon monoxide (CO) in the LS in our simulation and data from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) shows an annual oscillation in its composition that results from the interaction of an annual oscillation in slow ascent from the TTL to the LS and seasonal variations in sources, including a semi-annual oscillation in CO from biomass burning. The impacts of CO sources that peak when ascent is seasonally low are damped (e.g. Southern Hemisphere biomass burning) and vice-versa for sources that peak when ascent is seasonally high (e.g. extra-tropical fossil fuels). Interannual variation of CO in the UT/LS is caused primarily by year-to-year variations in biomass burning and the locations of deep convection. During our study period, 1994–1998, we find that the highest concentrations of CO in the UT/LS occurred during the strong 1997–1998 El Niño event for two reasons: i. tropical deep convection shifted to the eastern Pacific Ocean, closer to South American and African CO sources, and ii. emissions from Indonesian biomass burning were higher. This extreme event can be seen as an upper bound on the impact of biomass burning pollution on the UT/LS. We estimate that the 1997 Indonesian wildfires increased CO in the entire TTL and tropical LS (>60 mb) by more than 40% and 10%, respectively, for several months. Zonal mean ozone increased and the hydroxyl radical decreased by as much as 20%, increasing the lifetimes and, subsequently TST, of trace gases. Our results indicate that the impact of biomass burning pollution on the UT/LS is likely greatest during an El Niño event due to favorable dynamics and historically higher burning rates.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN PBL MELALUI PEMBUATAN TAMAN RUMPUT PADA MATERI LINGKARAN DI KELAS VIII

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dian Septa Novari ◽  
Indah Widyaningrum ◽  
Widiawati W.
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Pbl Model

This study aims to determine 1) the student's activity during the implementation of PBL models and 2) student learning outcomes after the implementation of PBL models through the creation of grass park on the material circle in class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Pagaralam. This research is an experimental research category one shot case study involving 32 students of class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Pagaralam. The results showed that the activity of students during the loading applied to the model PBL through grass park is categorized as very active seen from the activity of visual, verbal, listening, metrics, and writing. While student learning outcomes after the implementation of the PBL model through the creation of grass park are categorized very well as indicated by the average value of students. Thus, the PBL model is very suitable for use in mathematics, especially in the area of a circle of matter.

scholarly journals School Physics Assistance Learning using the TAI (Team Assisted Individualization) Model: Analysis of Student Evaluation Capabilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Umi Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Student Evaluation ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Placement Tests ◽  
Teacher Students ◽  
Partner Schools

The ability of prospective teacher students obtained in lectures needs to be developed to be applied in learning in schools. One of them is by applying the TAI learning model. The application of the TAI (Team AssistedIndividualization) learning model is implemented to analyze the student's evaluation ability in the implementation of school assistance and and to add to the experience of students in the real field. This effort was carried out with four stages of TAI namely Teams, Placement Tests, Student Creative, and Teaching Group. At each stage of the TAI model, students provide a description and analysis in the form of activity reports and presentations. The research conducted is a description of collaborating with experimental research, one-shot case study research on students of physics level 5 and data collection techniques with observation and interviews.The results showed that students had the highest ability to evaluate the ability to provide solutions to the obstacles found in partner schools and the lowest ability to find a settlement procedure that was suitable for the scope of the implementation of school assistance.

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