scholarly journals The representation of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B in the dentistry context

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (07) ◽  
pp. 979-988
Author(s):  
Bruno Wakayama ◽  
Clea Adas Saliba Garbin ◽  
Artenio Jose Saliba Garbin ◽  
Orlando Adas Saliba Junior ◽  
Artenio Jose Garbin
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Public University ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Stigmatizing Attitudes ◽  
Dental Assistants ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B are diseases with major epidemiological and social impacts, with important effects in the dentistry context. This study aimed to compare the knowledge, presence, and manifestation of discriminatory and stigmatizing acts of dental surgeons, dental assistants, and dental students concerning social representations of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B. Methodology: This cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out in Brazil with primary health care dental surgeons (n = 219) and dental assistants (n = 152) in 40 municipalities and dental students of a public university (n = 179). The z-test for proportions (p ≤ 0.05) was used for data analysis to compare the three groups. Results: We found statistically significant differences regarding knowledge about HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B, with a higher percentage of correct answers by dental surgeons (97.7%). Regarding infection, the fear of contracting HIV/AIDS was more representative, whereas hepatitis B was more mentioned concerning the risk of infection. In general, only 30.7% and 42.2% of individuals would accept care from professionals with HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B, respectively; assistants and students had the higher proportion of refusal of care. Also, a higher proportion of assistants (47.4%) believed there are different conducts in the care of patients with HIV and hepatitis B. Conclusions: The knowledge of individuals about infectious diseases is still inconsistent, especially among dental assistants and students. Moreover, these groups showed a silent and hidden presence and manifestation of discriminatory and stigmatizing attitudes, with greater representativeness for HIV/AIDS.

Knowledge and Attitude among Dental students of Udaipur, India towards HIV/AIDS

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Jain ◽  
Suhas Kulkarni ◽  
Rushabh J Dagli ◽  
Santhosh Kumar ◽  
Anmol Mathur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Interview Questionnaire ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Aims & Objective The aim of the present study was to assess current status of knowledge and attitude among the dental students of Udaipur, India towards HIV/AIDS. Material and Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 282 dental students of Darshan Dental College. The interview questionnaire comprised of 27close ended questions. One way ANOVA was applied by using SPSS (11.0) to compare mean level of knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS. Results Shows dental students have satisfactory knowledge, but certain misconception was prevalent. It also shows that around 30.20% of the dental students held an over all negative attitude. Mean level of knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS had a statistically significant difference in results among sex and academic periods. Conclusion Over all knowledge and attitude among dental students was found to be satisfactory. Most of the Dental Students, near about 69.80% have a positive attitude regarding HIV/AIDS education.

scholarly journals Occupational Hepatitis B Exposure: A Peek into Indian Dental Students’ Knowledge, Opinion, and Preventive Practices

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Debashish Basak ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Pralhad Dasar ◽  
Prashant Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Teaching Institution ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Mandatory Vaccination ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Objective. To determine the level of knowledge, opinions, and preventive practices followed by dental students against Hepatitis B. The study also explored if any correlation existed between knowledge, opinion, and preventive practices score.Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a dental teaching institution. The subjects comprised 216 dental students. The study was conducted using a pretested, self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was prepared to assess knowledge, opinion, and preventive practices against Hepatitis B. Kruskal-Wallis and Kendall Tau test were performed.Results. The study found that only 44.4% of the students were vaccinated with Hepatitis B vaccine. 59.3% of the students reported washing their hands after contact with patient’s body fluids. 63.9% used personal protective measures like facemask, aprons, head cap, eye shields, and so forth, while treating patients. Median knowledge, opinion, and practice scores were found to be 5.00, 3.00, and 3.00, respectively. Significant correlation was obtained between knowledge and preventive practices score (r=0.385,pvalue<0.0001).Conclusion. Effective measures need to be taken to improve preventive practices of the students to prevent them from risk of Hepatitis transmission. Mandatory vaccination against Hepatitis B needs to be implemented.

scholarly journals Stigmatizing attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) among primary health care providers in Kinta District, Perak

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Yuen Ching Chan ◽  
Maliza Mawardi ◽  
Adibah Hanim Ismail@Daud
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Care Providers ◽  
Stigmatizing Attitudes ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Stigmatizing attitudes expressed by health care providers prevent some members of at-risk populations from accessing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening and care. This attitude contributes to the continuity of the infection dissemination within our community, which gives an impact on the healthcare service and the curtailment of the global HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic. Objective: This study was conducted to identify stigmatizing attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and their determinants among primary health care providers in Kinta District, Perak. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 36 primary care clinics in Kinta District, Perak. Using stratified random sampling, 365 primary health care providers were recruited into the study. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic data as well as information on the healthcare experiences of healthcare providers, their knowledge of HIV/AIDS, and attitudes toward PLWHA. Determinants were identified using multiple linear regression. Results: More than half of the respondents (54.1%) had never provided care to HIV/AIDS patients. A minority (29.9%) had received training on HIV/AIDS. This study shows that doctors (Coef.= -9.50, 95% CI: -18.93, -0.07, p= 0.048), respondents with HIV-positive relatives, (Coef.= -5.61, 95% CI: -10.57, -0.65, p= 0.027), those who had provided care to HIV/AIDS patients (Coef.= -2.38, 95% CI: -4.31, -0.45, p= 0.016), and those with a higher knowledge score on HIV/AIDS (Coef.= -0.86, 95% CI: -1.59, -0.13, p= 0.021) were less likely to show stigmatizing attitudes toward PLWHA. Conclusion: The issue of stigmatizing attitudes toward PLWHA among primary health care providers needs to be addressed. This study finds that knowledge, profession, experiences with caring for PLWHA, gender, and having HIV-positive relatives are significant predictors of stigmatizing attitudes toward PLWHA among primary health care providers in Kinta District, Perak. Interventional programs to improve knowledge and awareness, as well as decrease stigma toward PLWHA, should be implemented among all health care providers, especially those who have no opportunity to provide direct care.

scholarly journals FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT PELINDUNG DIRI (APD) UNTUK PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT AKIBAT KERJA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Sudarmo Sudarmo ◽  
Zairin Noor Helmi ◽  
Lenie Marlinae
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Aids

Rumah Sakit merupakan tempat kerja serta tempat berkumpulnya orang-orang sehat (petugas dan pengunjung) dan orang- orang sakit (pasien) sehingga rumah sakit merupakan tempat kerja yang mempunyai risiko tinggi terhadap penyakit akibat kerja maupun penyakit akibat kecelakaan kerja. Resiko kontak dengan agen penyakit menular, dengan darah dan cairan tubuh maupun tertusuk jarum, instrumen tajam yang dapat berperan sebagai tranmisi berbagai penyakit, seperti hepatitis B, HIV/AIDS, perawat merupakan petugas kesehatan terbanyak dengan komposisi hampir 60% dari seluruh petugas kesehatan di rumah sakit dan salah satu profesi yang sering terkena penyakit akibat kerja karena perawat tenaga kesehatan yang 24 jam berada di samping dan bersentuhan dengan pasien, terlebih perawat bedah yang bekerja di kamar operasi yang banyak melakukan tindakan dengan memakai instrumen tajam, suasana kerja dengan tekanan stres yang tinggi, kelelahan yang berpotensi menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa factor-faktor perilaku terhadap kepatuhan penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) pada perawat bedah di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini, yaitu seluruh perawat bedah di IBS RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin, Sedangkan pengambilan sampel berdasarkan metode Simple Ramdom Sampling, menggunakan rumus cross sectional study dengan jumlah sampel 81 orang. Data dianalisa  menggunakan uji regresi logistik dengan  model backward stepwise conditional. Hasil uji analisa regresi logistik, yang paling berpengaruh terhadap variabel kepatuhan adalah variabel pengawasan dengan nilai koefisien regresi sebesar 0,700  (70,0%) dan variabel ketersediaan APD dengan nilai kofisien regresi sebesar 0,678 (67,8%). Berdasarkan uji simultan adalah 84,1%, sangat kuat bahwa kepatuhan perawat bedah benar-benar nyata/signifikan dipengaruhi faktor perilaku yang menjadi variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu : sikap, lama kerja, pengawasan, ketersediaan APD, teman sejawat, persepsi dan hanya 15,9% saja faktor lain di luar variabel-variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yang bisa mempengaruhi kepatuhan perawat dalam menggunakan APD di IBS RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin.Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pengawasan perawat dan ketersediaan APD terhadap kepatuhan penggunaan APD di IBS RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Oleh karena itu pengawasan dan ketersediaan APD di IBS RSUD Ulin  perlu dipertahankan  dan ditingkatkan lagi sehingga kepatuhan penggunaan APD ini dapat menjadi budaya dalam bekerja khususnya di kamar operasi, hal ini dapat mencegah penyakit akibat kerja (PAK) dan Kecelakaan Akibat Kerja (KAK).

scholarly journals Exploring the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Hepatitis B Infection Among Dental Students in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahabe Saquib ◽  
Weam Ibrahim ◽  
Ali Othman ◽  
Mohammed Assiri ◽  
Hamoud Al-Shahri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B infection is a universal health problem. Worldwide, 5% of health-care-related injections continued unsafe. Dentist considers being at high-risk group for cross infection. Therefore, their knowledge and practice towards Hepatitis B virus (HBV) positive patients should be at an optimal level. AIM: The current study is aimed to evaluate and comparison of the knowledge, attitude and practice of Saudi dental students and interns towards HBV infection. METHODS: A self-explanatory questionnaire comprising of 16 questions was designed to assess and compare students’ knowledge, attitude and risk perception regarding hepatitis B infection among dental students across Saudi Arabia. RESULTS: The response rate was 91.6% the overall knowledge of the participants was poor. The attitude was fair, with the female show a significant difference in attitude and practice (P-value < 0.05). The overall practice was good, 78.1% was vaccinated against HBV, and 73.2% stated that they regularly use personal protection equipment. The higher levels show a good attitude and practice compared with the lower levels; the difference was significant (P value < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The overall knowledge was below average, continuous health education courses are mandatory.

scholarly journals Hepatitis-B: an Alarming Infectious Condition- How Aware are We???

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Paridhi Rawat ◽  
Himanshu Aeran ◽  
Anubha Agarwal ◽  
Vijay Nautiyal
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Occupational Risks

<strong>Background &amp; Objectives:</strong>Infections caused by blood-borne pathogens like HCV, HBV or HCV have emerged as a hurricane for health-care workers. Among them, Hepatitis-B is a leading cause of morbidity &amp; mortality all around the world especially placing health workers at higher occupational risks. Also percutaneous injuries in dental clinic are risk factors for transmission of HBV. Hence a bi-directional relationship exists between dentist &amp; patient regarding transmission of HBV. The present study is designed to evaluate degree of awareness &amp; knowledge about HBV &amp; status of vaccination against it, among the dental students &amp; clinicians.<p><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study was conducted on 279 dental professionals including 41 clinicians, 45 post-graduate students, 80 interns and 113 B.D.S III &amp; IV Yr students by means of a questionnaire. Data was collected &amp; then analyzed in SPSS version-16.</p><p><strong>Result:</strong> Our results were noteworthy that nearly 89.6% claimed that hepatitis-b is preventable. Positively, 90.71% subjects were vaccinated against HBV &amp; 62.8% showed positive attitude towards HBV+ patients. However, some alarming findings are that 54.64% didn’t know about post-exposure prophylaxis and 79.84% didn’t have any idea about serum HBV DNA viral load considered safe according to CDC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The present study consolidates the urgent need for further spread of knowledge &amp; awareness about Hepatitis-B. We also highlight practice of “Standard Infection Control” measures and strict adherence to tenets of CDC guidelines. Hence the call of the hour is to spread awareness about Hepatitis-B which can turn to be a “mouse or an elephant in dental clinic.”</p>

scholarly journals NEEDLE STICK INJURIES AMONG DENTAL STUDENTS IN ISHIK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY AND HAWLER MEDICAL COLLEGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Salim Younus Mohamed ◽  
Balen Omer ◽  
Aveen Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Dental Student ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Needle Sticks

Background and objectives: Needle stick injuries pose a high risk to health care workers including dental students. They represent a major risk factor for transmitting blood borne pathogens including hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus. Needles of syringes are the most commonly identified sharp object causing the injuries. Therefore, this study conducted to determine the prevalence of needle stick injuries among dental students in Ishik university facualty of dentistry and Hawler medical college. Aim and objectives of the study: The study aimed were to: 1. Find out the prevalence of NSI among dental student in Erbil city-Iraq. 2. The percentage of dental students that had taken Hep B vaccine. 3. Study the knowledge of dental students regarding NSI.Subjects and method: The study was a cross sectional in nature, 114 students from Ishik University and Hawler Medical University Collage of Dentistry and data collections were done from the 1st of Dec till 2 of Feb 2018. Later on, data analysis and writing the thesis completed in May up to June, 2018. A questionnaire was completed through direct interview of the study students to measure their knowledge and practice about needle sticks injuries. All the obtained information including prevalence of needle sticks injuries, within previous 12 months, time of injury, and training on needle stick injury, knowledge, practice and attitude about needle sticks was then analyzed using statistical package for the social science software version 21.Results: The mean age of the participants was 22. The results of the study demonstrated that the prevalence of needle stick injury during past 12 months among dental students was 47,4%. Needle stick injury happened after using the needle in 35.2%, while in re-capping the needle occur in 27,8% and around 41.2% of the samples have precautions regarding NSI.Conclusion: The dental student had taken hepatitis B vaccine in a high percentage, while the prevalence of NSI was high and male showed higher prevalence than female. Training course regarding the precaution and management of NSI may need to be added to the curriculum of dental students.

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