Genetic structure of Chilean populations of Seriola lalandi for the diversification of the national aquaculture in the north of Chile

Fisheries enhancement initiatives including marine stocking and artificial reef deployments are becoming increasingly common in many parts of the world. Combining the two by releasing hatchery reared fish onto artificial reefs is used in sea-ranching operations but is an approach rarely adopted for recreational fisheries. Yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) form a valuable recreational fishery in Australia and in 2018 a pilot stocking program was initiated to enhance this fishery. Fish were released onto estuarine artificial reefs in Botany Bay to evaluate if estuarine artificial reefs are suitable release habitat for juvenile yellowtail kingfish and to monitor their dispersal patterns using acoustic telemetry and a tag-recapture program. Both approaches showed similar patterns, indicating juvenile yellowtail kingfish rapidly dispersed from the release location and can travel at least 60 km during their first weeks in the wild. Twenty percent of the acoustically tagged fish entered nearby estuaries to the north and south and tagged fish were also recaptured in these estuaries, indicating that the estuaries provide habitat for juveniles. There was little interaction between stocked fish and two large coastal artificial reefs positioned near Botany Bay. Stocked yellowtail kingfish will likely disperse rapidly from release locations which is consistent with their pelagic life history. While this may present challenges to fisheries managers, increasing release numbers to maintain stocking densities over a broader area may provide a solution. Future releases of fish on coastal natural and artificial reefs are an important next step in refining stocking practices for this species and will help further identify key juvenile habitats.

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The genetic landscape of Scotland and the Isles

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1904761116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 116 (38) ◽

pp. 19064-19070 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Edmund Gilbert ◽

Seamus O’Reilly ◽

Michael Merrigan ◽

Darren McGettigan ◽

Veronique Vitart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Population Genetic ◽

Complex Trait ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Source Population ◽

Genotype Data ◽

The West ◽

Variant Discovery ◽

The North ◽

Genetic Landscape

Britain and Ireland are known to show population genetic structure; however, large swathes of Scotland, in particular, have yet to be described. Delineating the structure and ancestry of these populations will allow variant discovery efforts to focus efficiently on areas not represented in existing cohorts. Thus, we assembled genotype data for 2,554 individuals from across the entire archipelago with geographically restricted ancestry, and performed population structure analyses and comparisons to ancient DNA. Extensive geographic structuring is revealed, from broad scales such as a NE to SW divide in mainland Scotland, through to the finest scale observed to date: across 3 km in the Northern Isles. Many genetic boundaries are consistent with Dark Age kingdoms of Gaels, Picts, Britons, and Norse. Populations in the Hebrides, the Highlands, Argyll, Donegal, and the Isle of Man show characteristics of isolation. We document a pole of Norwegian ancestry in the north of the archipelago (reaching 23 to 28% in Shetland) which complements previously described poles of Germanic ancestry in the east, and “Celtic” to the west. This modern genetic structure suggests a northwestern British or Irish source population for the ancient Gaels that contributed to the founding of Iceland. As rarer variants, often with larger effect sizes, become the focus of complex trait genetics, more diverse rural cohorts may be required to optimize discoveries in British and Irish populations and their considerable global diaspora.

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Phenotypic and genotypic signature of saponin chemical composition in Chinese wild soybean (Glycine soja): revealing genetic diversity, geographical variation and dispersal history of the species

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp18214 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (11) ◽

pp. 1126

Author(s):

Yuya Takahashi ◽

Xiang-Hua Li ◽

Chigen Tsukamoto ◽

Ke-Jing Wang

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Southern China ◽

Glycine Soja ◽

Wild Soybean ◽

Ice Age ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

The North ◽

Or Genes

Saponin chemical composition was phenotyped and genotyped, and saponin composition-based geographical genetic diversity and differentiation were evaluated in Chinese wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.). Thirty-two phenotypes and 34 genotypes were confirmed from 3805 wild soybean accessions. Eleven phenotypes (AaαK, AaαIK, AaαIJK, AaBcEαJ, AaBcαK, AbEαIJ, AbαK, AbαIK, AbαIJK, AbβHAb and Aβ0) were newly detected. Four genes had frequencies: Sg-1a 78.8% and Sg-1b 21.0% at the Sg-1 locus; Sg-4 30.7% and Sg-6e 13.7% at their respective loci. The north-eastern and southern populations showed high genetic diversity; the Northeast region contained more novel variants (AuAe, A0, A0Bc, αH, αI αJ, αK, and AbβHAb), and the southern populations contained high frequencies of the Sg-4 gene. Gene differentiation (Fst) analysis suggested that Sg-4 and four group-α saponin alleles or genes (Sg-6e, Sg-6h, Sg-6i, Sg-6j) were important factors influencing the genetic structure and differentiation in Chinese wild soybeans. Geographical differentiation was characterised mainly by latitudinal differences, with two primary groups (north and south) based on saponin genes. Chinese wild soybean accessions differed from Japanese and South Korean ones in genetic structure based on saponin composition, the latter two being likely to have spread from southern China in the glacial stages during the last Ice Age.

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Analysis of the genetic structure of a model Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seed orchard for development of management strategies

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/39/2013-jfs ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 10) ◽

pp. 377-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O. Vanek ◽

Z. Procházková ◽

MatějkaK

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Seed Orchard ◽

Similar Proportion ◽

Gene Markers ◽

Cone Production ◽

The North ◽

Forest Regions ◽

Clone Identity

Genetic structure, diversity and clonal homogeneity were determined on the basis of the isozyme gene markers in a model Scots pine seed orchard in the north-eastern part of the Czech Republic that originated from natural forest regions NFR 28 and 29 (Jeseníky Mts.) and the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> forest altitudinal zones (FAZ). Clone and ramet crop variation for the 2009–2011 period was assessed. Comparing the loci measured also in two pine orchards in central Slovakia, a similar proportion of homogeneous clones but considerably lower expected heterozygosity were found out for most of the measured isozyme loci. Heterozygosity of the investigated orchard did not change considerably after the exclusion of alien and wrongly placed ramets. No difference in average cone production between clones originating from different NFR was observed. Verification of the clone identity of seed orchards managed in a certain way can be suggested with the subsequent removal of alien ramets.

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Distinctiveness of declining northern populations of Blanchard’s Cricket Frog (Acris blanchardi) justifies recovery efforts

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z10-034 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 88 (6) ◽

pp. 553-566 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kaela B. Beauclerc ◽

Bob Johnson ◽

Bradley N. White

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

Mitochondrial Control Region ◽

Peripheral Populations ◽

Evolutionary Potential ◽

Widespread Species ◽

Range Edge ◽

The North ◽

Central United States ◽

Cricket Frog

Peripheral populations of widespread species are often considered unworthy of conservation efforts; however, they may be adapted to the conditions found at the range edge and are therefore important to the future evolutionary potential of the species. Blanchard’s Cricket Frog (Acris blanchardi Harper, 1947) is widespread and abundant throughout the central United States, but is declining at the northern edge of its range. To assess the distinctiveness and conservation value of the northern populations, we investigated the spatial genetic structure and phylogeography of this anuran using mitochondrial control region sequences. Analysis of 479 individuals identified 101 haplotypes, with relatively low nucleotide diversity. Two moderately divergent clades were found. One was restricted to the southwest, which was probably a refugium during the Pleistocene, whereas the other occurred primarily across the north and is likely the result of postglacial colonization. The genetic distinctiveness of northern populations indicates the potential for adaptive differences of individuals in this region relative to those in the south. We therefore conclude that conservation efforts are justified for the declining northern populations of Blanchard’s Cricket Frog, and we use the spatial genetic structure described here to develop specific recommendations for this anuran.

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Lack of genetic evidence for the subspeciation of Pisaster ochraceus (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in the north-eastern Pacific Ocean

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315408000519 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 395-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sarita Frontana-Uribe ◽

Jorge de la Rosa-Vélez ◽

Luis Enríquez-Paredes ◽

Lydia B. Ladah ◽

Laura Sanvicente-Añorve

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Single Species ◽

Original Data ◽

Central Position ◽

Western Coast ◽

Data Set ◽

Pisaster Ochraceus ◽

The North ◽

Point Conception ◽

Minimum Spanning Network

The existence of two Pisaster ochraceus subspecies has been proposed; one located northwards (P. ochraceus ochraceus) and the other southwards (Pisaster ochraceus segnis) from Point Conception. We used polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism of the CO I and CO III mitochondrial genes to assess the degree of population structure from 126 samples collected along the western coast of North America, from Vancouver, Canada to Punta San Carlos, of Baja California, Mexico. The genetic structure was tested through molecular analysis of variance and by Monte Carlo simulations of the original data set. The phylogeographical pattern was deduced from a minimum spanning network analysis. No genetic structure was detected. Instead, a high degree of genetic homogeneity along the species distribution was evident from haplotype frequencies at each location. Two haplotypes, Po1 and Po5, were predominant along the distribution and were considered ancestral because of their central position in the minimum spanning network. Since Pisaster ochraceus depicts a planktotrophic larval stage with very long duration before settlement, it seems to be able to surpass the biogeographical boundary that limits other species around Point Conception, thereby maintaining homogeneity of its genetic pool. Results of this study recognize P. ochraceus as a single species.

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Correction: Genetic Structure of Europeans: A View from the North–East

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/annotation/2849e182-aef5-4e2b-a5ac-0b74b30e5f48 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mari Nelis ◽

Tõnu Esko ◽

Reedik Mägi ◽

Fritz Zimprich ◽

Alexander Zimprich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

North East ◽

The North

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The Genomic History Of Southeastern Europe

10.1101/135616 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Iain Mathieson ◽

Songül Alpaslan Roodenberg ◽

Cosimo Posth ◽

Anna Szécsényi-Nagy ◽

Nadin Rohland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Ancient Dna ◽

Western Europe ◽

Southeastern Europe ◽

Hunter Gatherers ◽

The North ◽

Genome Wide ◽

History Of ◽

East And West ◽

Local Hunter

AbstractFarming was first introduced to southeastern Europe in the mid-7thmillennium BCE – brought by migrants from Anatolia who settled in the region before spreading throughout Europe. To clarify the dynamics of the interaction between the first farmers and indigenous hunter-gatherers where they first met, we analyze genome-wide ancient DNA data from 223 individuals who lived in southeastern Europe and surrounding regions between 12,000 and 500 BCE. We document previously uncharacterized genetic structure, showing a West-East cline of ancestry in hunter-gatherers, and show that some Aegean farmers had ancestry from a different lineage than the northwestern Anatolian lineage that formed the overwhelming ancestry of other European farmers. We show that the first farmers of northern and western Europe passed through southeastern Europe with limited admixture with local hunter-gatherers, but that some groups mixed extensively, with relatively sex-balanced admixture compared to the male-biased hunter-gatherer admixture that prevailed later in the North and West. Southeastern Europe continued to be a nexus between East and West after farming arrived, with intermittent genetic contact from the Steppe up to 2,000 years before the migration that replaced much of northern Europe’s population.

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