scholarly journals Apitherapy Have a Role in Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
Suzette I. Helal ◽  
Ahmad Hegazi ◽  
Khaled Al-Menabbawy
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Group I ◽  
Mild Improvement ◽  
Bed Sores ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Ms Therapy

AIM: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease in which the fatty myelin sheaths around the axons of the brain and spinal cord are damaged. We Study the effect of Apitherapy in treatment of MS.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty patients with MS, their ages ranged between 26-71 years, were subjected to complete clinical and neurological history and examination to confirm the diagnosis. All cases were under their regular treatment they were divided into two main groups, Group I received honey, pollen, royal jelly and propolis and were treated with apiacupuncture 3 times weekly, for 12 months, in addition to their medical treatment, while group II remains on their ordinary medical treatment only. Apiacupuncture was done by bee stings for regulating the immune system.RESULTS: Results revealed that 4 patients showed some improvement regarding their defects in gait, bowel control, constipation and urination, while 12 cases, showed some mild improvement in their movement in bed, and better improvement in bed sores, sensation, and better motor power, only two cases of them were able to stand for few minutes with support.CONCLUSION: Although Apitherapy is not a curable therapy in MS, but it can be used to minimize the clinical symptoms of MS, and can be included among programs of MS therapy.

Depression and Inflammatory Markers in Veterans With Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 109980042110500
Author(s):  
Pamela Newland ◽  
Yelyzaveta Basan ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
Gregory Wu
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS), afflicts over one per thousand people in the United States. The pathology of MS typically involves lesions in several regions, including the brain and spinal cord. The manifestation of MS is variable and carries great potential to negatively impact quality of life (QOL). Evidence that inflammatory markers are related to depression in MS is accumulating. However, there are barriers in precisely identifying the biological mechanisms underlying depression and inflammation. Analysis of cytokines provides one promising approach for understanding the mechanisms that may contribute to MS symptoms. Methods: In this pilot study, we measured salivary levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta (β), and IL-10 in 24 veterans with MS. Descriptive statistics were reported and Pearson correlation coefficients were obtained between cytokines and depression. Results: The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was significantly negatively associated with depression in veterans with MS (r = −0.47, p = .024). Conclusion: Cytokines may be useful for elucidating biological mechanisms associated with the depression and a measure for nurses caring for veterans with MS.

scholarly journals A Case of Rhizomelic Chondrodysplasia Punctata in Newborn

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalan Karabayır ◽  
Gonca Keskindemirci ◽  
Erdal Adal ◽  
Orhan Korkmaz
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Chondrodysplasia Punctata ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Rhizomelic Chondrodysplasia Punctata ◽  
Cervical Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Severe Growth

Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctate (RCDP) is a rare autosomal recessive peroxisomal disease. The main features of the disease are shortening of the proximal long bones, punctate calcifications located in the epiphyses of long bones and in soft tissues around joints and vertebral column, vertebral clefting, dysmorphic face, and severe growth retardation, whereas cervical spinal stenosis may also rarely be present. Imaging of the brain and spinal cord in patients with this disorder may aid prognosis and guide management decisions. We report the newborn diagnosed as CDP with cervical stenosis. Our aim is to discuss current knowledge on etiopathogenesis as well as radiological and clinical symptoms of diseases associated with CDP.

scholarly journals Multiplexed imaging of immune cells in staged multiple sclerosis lesions by mass cytometry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Ramaglia ◽  
Salma Sheikh-Mohamed ◽  
Karen Legg ◽  
Olga L Rojas ◽  
Stephanie Zandee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Mass Cytometry ◽  
Simultaneous Imaging ◽  
Multiplexed Imaging ◽  
Cell Phenotypes ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACTMultiple Sclerosis (MS) is characterized by demyelinated and inflammatory lesions in the brain and spinal cord. Lesions contain immune cells with variable phenotypes and functions. Here we use imaging mass cytometry (IMC) to enable the simultaneous imaging of 15+ proteins within 11 staged MS lesions. Using this approach, we demonstrated that the majority of demyelinating macrophage-like cells in active lesions were derived from the resident microglial pool. Although CD8+ T cells predominantly infiltrated the lesions, CD4+ T cells were also abundant but localized closer to blood vessels. B cells with a predominant switched memory phenotype were enriched across all lesion stages and were found to preferentially infiltrate the tissue as compared to unswitched B cells which localized to the vasculature. We propose that IMC will enable a comprehensive analysis of single-cell phenotypes, their functional states and cell-cell interactions in relation to lesion morphometry and demyelinating activity in the MS brain.

scholarly journals A Case of Acute Encephalopathy Due to Autoimmune Overload

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Acute Encephalopathy ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Demyelinating Disorders ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, also known as postinfectious encephalomyelitis, is considered an autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. It was seen mainly in pediatric population possibly due to vaccination but there have been cases identified in adult [1-9]. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis can be challenging to diagnose owing to fact that there have been many overlapping symptoms among other demyelinating disorder such multiple sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica. In this case report, we will discuss a case about a patient that presented due to acute encephalopathy and was noted to have an atypical MRI of the brain that was not consistent with results of the lumbar puncture [10-12]. Knowledge gained from this case will help bring awareness to the diagnose of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and how imaging in context with the clinical picture can help us differentiate between the various demyelinating disorders; thereby, giving a better understanding of managing these patients as management can affect prognosis and outcomes.

Multiple Sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavan Bhargava ◽  
Peter A. Calabresi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating neurological disorder of the brain and spinal cord, with both inflammatory and degenerative components. Current treatment strategies utilize immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive agents to reduce the inflammatory disease activity and retard accumulation of disability. Future challenges for treatment include identifying agents that will promote remyelination and axonal protection to help impact progressive forms of multiple sclerosis. This chapter discusses currently available disease modifying therapies, agents currently in phase 2/3 trials, and future directions in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals Multiple Sclerosis in the Emirati Population: Onset Disease Characterization by MR Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Manzoor Ahmed ◽  
Ruqqiya Mir ◽  
Mustafa Shakra ◽  
Safana Al Fardan
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Cervical Cord ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Lesion Load ◽  
Disseminated Disease ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Background and Objectives. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) epidemiology is on the path of globalization mainly due to changing environmental factors. The prevalence of MS is on the rise in the Middle East and Persian Gulf region. Our observations has led us to hypothesize a heavy MRI lesion load at the onset of disease in a relatively younger native population. We aimed to estimate and characterize the onset disease on MRI using McDonald’s criteria while applying its terms of “Dissemination in Space (DIS) and Dissemination in Time (DIT)”. Materials and Methods. Retrospective review of onset MRI studies of 181 Emirati (native) individuals. Basic demographics were captured. Only 47 patients with Clinically Definite MS (CDMS) were included who had onset diagnostic MRI available. Lesion load was quantified using the specific zones of involvement designated for DIS: (1) Periventricular (PVZ) (I), (2) Juxta-cortical (II) (3) Infra-tentorial (III) and, (4) Spinal cord (IV). PVZ was sub-classified and lesions were quantified. A single enhancing lesion was required for DIT. Results. Average age of onset was about 26 years with female dominance of about 2 : 1. About 50% had all 4 zones and about 85% had at least 3 zones involved at the onset. Involvement of only 1 zone was rare. Dissemination in time (DIT) in brain and/or cord was present in approximately 50%. Each of the 4 zones were involved in at least 70% of cases. PVZ was not spared in any case with at least 3 lesions present in approx. 95% and ≥12 lesions in approx. half of the patients. Spinal cord specifically cervical cord was involved in up to 80% with typical patchy lesions. Conclusion. Onset disease characterization using MRI in a young Emirati cohort showed a heavy lesion load in the brain and spinal cord at the onset, signifying cumulative disease before presentation. Disseminated disease also facilitated early diagnosis of MS. The findings have significant potential ramifications for local environmental and cultural factors, as well as disease course and disability progression.

Early Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis Based on Optical and Electrochemical Biosensors: Comprehensive Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Kharati ◽  
Sanam Foroutanparsa ◽  
Mohammad Rabiee ◽  
Reza Salarian ◽  
Navid Rabiee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Biosensor System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) involves an immune-mediated response in which body’s immune system destructs the protective sheath (myelin). Part of the known MS biomarkers are discovered in cerebrospinal fluid like oligoclonal lgG (OCGB), and also in blood like myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG). The conventional MS diagnostic methods often fail to detect the disease in early stages such as Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS), which considered as a concerning issue since CIS highlighted as a prognostic factor of MS development in most cases. Methods: MS diagnostic techniques include Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain and spinal cord, lumbar puncture (or spinal tap) that evaluate cerebrospinal fluid, evoked potential testing revealing abnormalities in the brain and spinal cord. These conventional diagnostic methods have some negative points such as extensive processing time as well as restriction in the quantity of samples that can be analyzed concurrently. Scientists have focused on developing the detection methods especially early detection which belongs to ultra-sensitive, non-invasive and needed for the Point of Care (POC) diagnosis because the situation was complicated by false positive or negative results. Results: As a result, biosensors are utilized and investigated since they could be ultra-sensitive to specific compounds, cost effective devices, body-friendly and easy to implement. In addition, it has been proved that the biosensors on physiological fluids (blood, serum, urine, saliva, milk etc.) have quick response in a non-invasive rout. In general form, a biosensor system for diagnosis and early detection process usually involves; biomarker (target molecule), bio receptor (recognition element) and compatible bio transducer. Conclusion: Studies underlined that early treatment of patients with high possibility of MS can be advantageous by postponing further abnormalities on MRI and subsequent attacks. : This Review highlights variable disease diagnosis approaches such as Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), electrochemical biosensors, Microarrays and microbeads based Microarrays, which are considered as promising methods for detection and early detection of MS.

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