scholarly journals Iron Status in Preschool Children with Normal Hemoglobin, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 1342-1346
Author(s):  
Osama El-Asheer ◽  
Mary S. Naeem ◽  
Fardos H. Abd El Aal ◽  
Madleen A. A. Abdou ◽  
Khalil Abdel Khalek Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency (ID) anemia remains a common cause of anemia in young children. However, the more significant than anemia itself is the ID without anemia that also adversely affect neurocognitive development and unfortunately some of these effects may be irreversible. AIM: This study is a cross-sectional study aimed to asses iron status in preschool children with normal hemoglobin (Hgb) level attending Assiut University Children Hospital. METHODS: The cross-sectional study including 68 apparently healthy children aged 1–6 years old during the period from January 1, 2015 to June 30, 2015, They were subjected to detailed history, physical examination, and the following laboratory investigations: Complete blood count, Serum iron, Total Iron Binding Capacity, Serum ferritin, and Transferrin saturation. RESULTS: Low serum ferritin and low transferrin saturation were detected in 41.2% and 47% respectively of our studied children who have normal Hgb levels. CONCLUSION: Normal Hgb doesn’t exclude ID that should be screened in healthy children to prevent the possible long-term effects of ID on their cognation and mental development.

scholarly journals Iron deficiency in preschool non-anemic Egyptian children

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama M. El-Asheer ◽  
Mary S. Naeem ◽  
Fardos A. Abdel-Hafez ◽  
Madleen A. A. Abdou ◽  
Khalil A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Egyptian Children

Abstract Background Iron deficiency anemia remains a common cause of anemia in young children. The term iron deficiency without anemia, or the so-called latent iron deficiency, has become increasingly significant as it is not only difficult to identify this condition in non-anemic children, but it also adversely affects neurocognitive development, and unfortunately, some of these effects may be irreversible and not respond to treatment. This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate iron status in 68 apparently healthy, non-anemic Egyptian children aged 1–6 years. They were subjected to detailed history-taking, physical examination, complete blood count, and tests for serum iron, total iron binding capacity, serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation. Results Low serum ferritin level and low transferrin saturation were detected in 41.2% and 47% of the children, respectively. Iron deficiency parameters were significantly affected among toddlers aged “1” to “3” years compared with preschool children, and boys were found to be more affected than girls of the same age group. Conclusions A normal hemoglobin level does not exclude iron deficiency, which should be screened in healthy children to prevent the possible long-term effects of iron deficiency on their cognition and mental development.

scholarly journals Impact of Iron Status on Thyroid Function: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study in Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Thapa ◽  
Madhab Lamsal ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Sah ◽  
Rajendra Kumar Chaudhari ◽  
Basanta Gelal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hormone Profile ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
The Mean

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. The relation between thyroid hormones and iron status is bidirectional. The aim of this study was to assess iron nutrition status and evaluate its relationship with thyroid hormone profile among children of Eastern Nepal. Methods: A  community based cross-sectional study was conducted in eastern Nepal. A total of 200 school children aged 6-12 years were recruited after taking informed consent from their guardians. Blood samples were collected and assayed for free thyroid hormones (fT3 and fT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) concentration and percentage transferrin saturation was calculated. Results: The mean serum iron and TIBC was 74.04 µg/dl and 389.38 µg/dl respectively. The median transferring saturation was 19.21%. The overall prevalence of iron deficiency (Transferrin saturation < 16%) was 34% (n=68). The mean concentration of fT3 and fT4 was 2.87 pg/ml and 1.21 ng/dl respectively, while the median TSH concentration was 3.03 mIU/L. Median TSH concentration in iron deficient group (3.11 µg/dl) and iron sufficient group (2.91 µg/dl) was not significantly different. Among iron deficient children 5.9% had   subclinical hypothyroidism (n=4). Iron status indicators were not significantly correlated with thyroid profile parameters in the study population. Conclusions: The prevalence of iron deficiency is high and iron   deficiency does not significantly alter the thyroid hormone profile in the study region.

scholarly journals Serum periostin level in children of preschool age with recurrent wheezing episodes and in healthy children: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
N V Shakhova ◽  
E M Kamaltynova ◽  
O I Kolesnikova ◽  
T S Kashinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Recurrent Wheezing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Serum Periostin

Background. The level of serum periostin in preschool children with recurrent wheezing episodes has been studied. Objective. To determine the serum periostin level in preschool children with recurrent wheezing episodes, compared to healthy children. Results. 101 children of 3-4 years old took part in the study, 72 of them had recurrent wheezing episodes (more than 3 episodes over the past year) and 29 - healthy individuals. Statistically significant differences in serum periostin level between children with recurrent wheezing episodes and healthy children were not found. The level of serum periostin (median, quartile) is 3.0 (1.8; 4.0) ng/ml in children with recurrent wheezing episodes and 2.7 (1.7; 3.6) ng/ml in healthy children (p=0.296). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.56 (95% CI 041-0.68). Conclusion. The level of serum periostin in children with recurrent wheezing episodes does not differ from the level in healthy children.

Malocclusion traits and sucking habits in preschool children: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Carla MASSIGNAN ◽  
Júlia Gonçalves Dos SANTOS ◽  
Marcos XIMENES ◽  
Mariane CARDOSO ◽  
Michele BOLAN
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Association between socioeconomic status and dental caries among Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional national study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e042908
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Jialan Hong ◽  
Xueting Yu ◽  
Qiulin Liu ◽  
Andi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Index Of Inequality

ObjectivesSocioeconomic inequalities in oral health are often neglected in oral health promotion. This cross-sectional study assessed the association between dental caries and socioeconomic status (SES) among preschool children in China.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingData from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China (2015), comprising of 40 360 children aged 3–5 years was used.MethodsDental caries indicators including prevalence of dental caries, dental pain experience and number of decayed, missing and filling teeth (dmft). SES indicators included parental education and household income. The associations between SES and dental caries were analysed by using negative binomial regression or Poisson regression models according to data distribution. Relative and absolute inequalities in dental caries were quantified by using the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) and Slope Index of Inequality (SII), respectively.ResultsThere were significant associations between SES and prevalence of dental caries and dmft (p<0.001). Children from lower educated (RII 1.36, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.43; SII 0.97, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.13) and lower household income (RII 1.17, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.24; SII 0.55, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.75) families had higher dmft than those from well-educated and most affluent families. Relative and absolute inequalities in dental caries were larger in urban areas by household income, and in rural areas by parental education.ConclusionsAssociation between dental caries and SES was demonstrated and socioeconomic inequalities in dental caries existed among Chinese preschool children.

scholarly journals Pre-schoolers’ tooth brushing behaviour and association with their oral health: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqra Muhammad Khan ◽  
Shani Ann Mani ◽  
Jennifer Geraldine Doss ◽  
Mahmoud Danaee ◽  
Lydia Yi Li Kong
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parental Supervision ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plaque Score

Abstract Background Toothbrushing is an important yet neglected behaviour that affects the oral health of preschool children. Little is reported on parental supervision, an essential aspect of routine effective toothbrushing in this age group. The aim of this study was to evaluate pre-schoolers’ toothbrushing behaviour including parental involvement and its association with their oral health. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 92 preschool children (4–6 years) were invited to participate with their parents/guardians. Nine parameters of toothbrushing behaviour were assessed from parental responses (questionnaire) and observation of child and parents/guardians (video recording). Oral examination included recording plaque, gingival and dental caries indices. BORIS software was used to assess toothbrushing parameters and Smart PLS was used to perform association with a second-generation multivariate analysis to create models with and without confounding factors. Results Girls were slightly more (53%) than boys (47%). Children aged 4 years were slightly more in number (38%), followed by 6-year-olds and 5-year-olds. Nearly, 90% parents had tertiary education and 46% had more than 2 children. Differences were recorded in the reported and observed behaviour. Thirty-five percent parents/guardians reported using pea-size toothpaste amount but only 28% were observed. Forty percent reported to brush for 30 s–1 min, however 51% were observed to brush for 1–2 min. Half the children were observed to use fluoridated toothpaste (F < 1000 ppm) under parental supervision (11%). The mean (SD) plaque score reduction after toothbrushing was 10.80 (2.46), mean pre-brushing plaque score was 90.3 (10.2), mean gingival index was 0.89 (0.65) and mean dental caries status (ICDAS(1–6)) was 18.87 (12.39). Toothbrushing behaviour in terms of toothbrushing technique, duration, pattern and frequency, toothbrush type and grip type, toothpaste type and amount, post-brushing mouth rinsing and parental involvement contributed significantly to plaque score change (86%), dental caries status (73%), gingival index (66%) and pre-brushing plaque score (31%). The significant confounding variables had a small influence on oral health of preschool children. Conclusions Preschool children’s toothbrushing behaviour was inadequate while their oral health was poor, with a significant association between the two parameters.

scholarly journals Mandibular range of motion in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis with and without clinically established temporomandibular joint involvement and in healthy children; a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willemijn F. C. de Sonnaville ◽  
Caroline M. Speksnijder ◽  
Nicolaas P. A. Zuithoff ◽  
Daan R. C. Verkouteren ◽  
Nico W. Wulffraat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Left And Right

Abstract Background Recognition of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) has gained increasing attention in the past decade. The clinical assessment of mandibular range of motion characteristics is part of the recommended variables to detect TMJ involvement in children with JIA. The aim of this study was to explore explanatory variables for mandibular range of motion outcomes in children with JIA, with and without clinically established TMJ involvement, and in healthy children. Methods This cross-sectional study included children with JIA and healthy children of age 6–18 years. Mandibular range of motion variables included active and passive maximum interincisal opening (AMIO and PMIO), protrusion, laterotrusion, dental midline shift in AMIO and in protrusion. Additionally, the TMJ screening protocol and palpation pain were assessed. Adjusted linear regression analyses of AMIO, PMIO, protrusion, and laterotrusion were performed to evaluate the explanatory factors. Two adjusted models were constructed: model 1 to compare children with JIA and healthy children, and model 2 to compare children with JIA with and without TMJ involvement. Results A total of 298 children with JIA and 169 healthy children were included. Length was an explanatory variable for the mandibular range of motion excursions. Each centimeter increase in length increased AMIO (0.14 mm), PMIO (0.14 mm), and protrusion (0.02 mm). Male gender increased AMIO by 1.35 mm. Having JIA negatively influenced AMIO (3.57 mm), PMIO (3.71 mm), and protrusion (1.03 mm) compared with healthy children, while the discrepancy between left and right laterotrusion raised 0.68 mm. Children with JIA and TMJ involvement had a 8.27 mm lower AMIO, 7.68 mm lower PMIO and 0.96 mm higher discrepancy in left and right laterotrusion compared to healthy children. Conclusion All mandibular range of motion items were restricted in children with JIA compared with healthy children. In children with JIA and TMJ involvement, AMIO, PMIO and the discrepancy between left and right laterotrusion were impaired more severely. The limitation in protrusion and laterotrusion was hardly clinically relevant. Overall, AMIO is the mandibular range of motion variable with the highest restriction (in millimeters) in children with JIA and clinically established TMJ involvement compared to healthy children.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposures and telomere length: A cross-sectional study on preschool children

2021 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 110757
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Adli ◽  
Seyed Mostafa Hosseini ◽  
Moslem Lari Najafi ◽  
Maryam Behmanesh ◽  
Elahe Ghezi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Reference values of electrographic and cardiac ultrasound parameters in Russian healthy children and adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine Landon ◽  
Isabelle Denjoy ◽  
Enora Clero ◽  
Aleksandr Silenok ◽  
Irina Kurnosova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cardiac Ultrasound ◽  
Relevant Feature ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Electrocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Ultrasound Parameters

AbstractBetween 2009 and 2013, a large cross-sectional study on the health consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear accident was performed in the contaminated and uncontaminated territories of the Bryansk Oblast (Russian Federation). The objective of this work was to confirm or refute a possible association between childhood cardiac arrhythmia and a chronic exposure to caesium-137. As part of this study, a large number of electrocardiographic and cardiac ultrasound parameters were collected from 18,152 children aged 2–18 years including 12,512 healthy ones not contaminated with caesium-137. It seemed therefore relevant for us to share in a second publication these medical data based on healthy and uncontaminated children with the scientific community because of the large quantities and the limited availability of such kind of data. In the present study, relating to electrocardiographic parameters, the measurements performed fully reflect the expected evolution of the paediatric electrocardiogram between 5 and 18 years of age. Thus, the median values were generally quite close to those available in the literature. In contrast, differences in the 2nd and 98th percentiles were notable and could be explained in particular by the type of equipment used, the number of subjects included in the study and racial disparities. As for echocardiographic parameters, the evolution of the measured values in age groups is consistent with what was expected considering factors such as growth. In comparison with other scientific studies that have investigated these echocardiographic parameters, some differences by age groups have been identified. The ethnic factor truly appears to be a relevant feature to consider. In view of the results, it appeared essential to the authors to approach the methodological conditions of the scientific studies already published on the topic to be truly comparable and thus to provide a reliable answer on a topic for which real expectations in terms of medical care are required.

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