scholarly journals Crepuscular and nocturnal activity of the Nose-horned viper, Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) is more common than previously reported

Herpetozoa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
Angel Dyugmedzhiev ◽  
Kostadin Andonov ◽  
Georgi Popgeorgiev ◽  
Borislav Naumov ◽  
Yurii V. Kornilev
Keyword(s):  
Nocturnal Activity ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Snake Species ◽  
Vipera Ammodytes

Different snake species may be active at various times of the day. In Europe, most snake species are predominantly diurnal, but about a third are partially or principally crepuscular and/or nocturnal. Here, we report the first instance of multiple in situ observations of the crepuscular and nocturnal activity of V. ammodytes in Bulgaria. Overall, usually as a result of general herpetological surveys and chance observations between 2001–2020, we recorded crepuscular/nocturnal activity of twenty-seven individuals from both sexes and all age classes (juvenile to adult), observed from April to September, following warm (maximum daily Tair = 20–28 °C) and hot (Tair > 28 °C) days. These records represent less than 1.5% of all our personal viper observations. However, given that our observations occurred throughout the country, within five different climatic zones, we hypothesise that nocturnal activity of V. ammodytes is more common than previously reported.

An Energetics Model for Lake Trout, Salvelinus namaycush: Application to the Lake Michigan Population

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Stewart ◽  
David Weininger ◽  
Donald V. Rottiers ◽  
Thomas A. Edsall
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

An energetics model is implemented for lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, and applied to the Lake Michigan population. It includes an egestion function allowing any proportional mix of fish and invertebrates in the diet, a growth model accounting for both ontogenetic and seasonal changes in energy-density of predator and prey, a model for typical in situ swimming speed, and reproductive energy losses due to gametes shed. Gross conversion efficiency of energy by lake trout over their life (21.8%) is about twice the efficiency of converting biomass to growth because they store large amounts of high-energy fats. Highest conversion efficiencies are obtained by relatively fast-growing individuals, and over half the annual energy assimilated by older age-classes may be shed as gametes. Sensitivity analysis indicates a general robustness of the model, especially for estimating consumption by fitting a known growth curve. Largest sensitivities were for the intercept and weight dependence coefficients of metabolism. Population biomass and associated predatory impact of a given cohort increase steadily for about 3.5 yr then decline steadily after fishing mortality becomes important in the fourth year in the lake. This slow response time precludes manipulation of lake trout stocking densities as a means to control short-term prey fluctuations. Predation by lake trout on alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus, has been increasing steadily since 1965 to about 8 400 t∙yr−1, and is projected to rise to almost 12 000 t∙yr−1 by 1990.

scholarly journals INVENTARISASI JENIS – JENIS ULAR YANG DITEMUKAN DI SEKITAR PANTAI MERTA SARI DAN PADANG GALAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
I Gusti Putu Ayunda Pratiska ◽  
Ida Bagus Made Suaskara ◽  
Joko Wiryatno ◽  
I Gede Agus Pradana Putra
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Snake Species ◽  
Venomous Snakes ◽  
Sea Snakes ◽  
Water Snake ◽  
Laticauda Colubrina

Sea snakes have a strong venom and when they bite can be fatal for humans, whereas snakes found in mangrove areas are weak venomous snakes and non-venomous snakes (McKay, 2006). The low understanding public aboutthe snakes has led to the assumption that any snakes found are dangerous, so research needs to be done in order to provide information on the types of venomous and non-venomous snakes present in coastal areas and around mangrove forest areas. This research was conducted from early January to the end of January located around Merta Sari Beach to Padang Galak. The method used is the method of cruising method is done by determining the habitat that is likely suitable for snake habitat (Asad et al., 2011). Data collected in the morning and at night, by capturing and identifying snakes found in situ refers to the snake identification titled '107+ Ular Indonesia' (Riza Marlon, 2014), and the book 'Reptiles and Amphibians in Bali 'By Mckay (2006). Based on the results of the study, snakes found around Merta Sari Beach and Padang Galak Beach numbered 61 individual snakes with two different families namely Colubridae and Elapidae. Snake species of the Colubridae family found are Dog-faced Water Snake (Cerberus rynchops) and the Elapidae family is the Erabu/Yellow-lipped Sea Krait (Laticauda colubrina) snake

scholarly journals Analysis of the venomous snakebite patients treated in the Uzice general hospital (Western Serbia) between 2006 and 2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-14
Author(s):  
Sonja Nikolic ◽  
Marija Antic ◽  
Aleksandra Pavic ◽  
Rastko Ajtic ◽  
Sladjana Pavic
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Previous Analysis ◽  
Venomous Snake ◽  
Snake Species ◽  
Mild Pain ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Vipera Ammodytes

Introduction/Objective. A countrywide survey of venomous snakebites was never conducted in Serbia: the making of a central register was initiated only in 2018. We collected and analyzed the available data regarding venomous snakebites in the Uzice region (Western Serbia). The previous analysis from this hospital was published in 1968. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the data regarding the venomous snakebite patients treated in the Uzice General Hospital between 2006 and 2018 and compared these with the data from the 1960s, from one more hospital in Serbia, and from two ex- Yugoslav countries. Results. In 13 years, 249 persons were treated. Of all cases, 10.4% were with inconspicuous symptoms (mild pain at the place of bite), 68.7% were with mild to moderate symptoms, and 20.9% were more or less severe. No fatalities were recorded. Conclusion. Although usually not a life-threatening issue, venomous snakebites are quite common and can cause serious complications. With proper education, many can be avoided. Also, bearing in mind not only the biodiversity per se but also the importance of snakes? venoms for the making of various medically important products, we emphasize the need for proper protection of all three venomous snake species in Serbia, namely Vipera ammodytes (nose-horned viper), V. berus (European adder), and V. ursinii (meadow viper).

Effects of light and microhabitat on activity pattern and behaviour of wild and hatchery-reared juveniles ofStichopuscf.horrens

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 1703-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Palomar-Abesamis ◽  
Marie Antonette Juinio-Meñez ◽  
Matthew James Slater
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Nocturnal Activity ◽  
Movement Rates ◽  
Nocturnal Feeding ◽  
Coral Sand ◽  
Artificial Environment ◽  
Tropical Sea

Animals develop behavioural strategies throughout life to improve their survival in nature. Juvenile activity and behaviour of the commercial tropical sea cucumberStichopuscf.horrenswere examined considering factors that may influence survival at this critical developmental stage. Wild juveniles were observedin situto describe diel activity and movement. Wild and hatchery-reared juveniles were observed in the laboratory to evaluate the influence of different light-dark cycles and microhabitats on feeding and sheltering behaviour. All juveniles (4–54 g) displayed a distinct nocturnal activity pattern both in the field and laboratory. Nocturnal activity was strongly associated with feeding and locomotion. Wild and hatchery-reared juveniles were most active at night, displayed intermediate activity during twilight, and minimal to no activity during daytime. Movement rates of wild juvenilesin situwere significantly influenced by time and size to a lesser extent. Under constant light and constant dark for 48 h, juvenile feeding rhythm was endogenously controlled and strongly entrained to natural light-dark cycles. Sheltering was directly affected by light and linked to strong phototactic and thigmotactic reflexes. Juveniles preferred vegetation as shelter compared to coral, sand or open space, and showed equal preference for seagrass and macroalgae. Deviations in behaviour of hatchery-reared juveniles under laboratory conditions indicate some degree of acclimation to an artificial environment with minimal threats and a decreased sensitivity to light. The implications of nocturnal feeding, light-induced sheltering, shelter preferences and acclimation to artificial conditions are discussed in relation to juvenile survival in nature and potential restocking of the species.

scholarly journals Age Dependent Switching Role of Cyclin D1 in Breast Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Carmela Rinaldi ◽  
Natalia Maria Malara ◽  
Rosalia D’Angelo ◽  
Antonina Sidoti ◽  
Attilio Leotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Older Woman ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Histochemical Tests ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) plays pivotal roles in the development of several human cancers, including breast cancer, functioning as an oncogene. The aim of this study was to better understand the molecular dynamics of ductal carcinomas with regard to proliferation and the ageing process.Methods: 130 cases of ductal breast cancer in postmenopausal women, aged 52–96 in 3 age classes were selected. Tumoral tissues preserved in formaldehyde solution and subsequently embedded in paraffin were subjected to analysis Fluorescencein situHybridization (FISH), Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT- PCR) and immuno-histochemical tests. The molecular variables studied were estimated in relation to the patients’ age.Results: The results obtained suggest that the increment of the levels of cyclin D1 in intra-ductal breast tumors in older woman that we have examined is significantly associated with a lower proliferation rate.Conclusion: Cyclin D1, which characterizes tumor in young women as molecular director involved in strengthening tumoral proliferation mechanisms, may be seen as a potential blocking molecular switch in corresponding tumours in old women.

scholarly journals Conservarea in situ a agrobiodiversității vegetale – factor de reușită în promovarea agriculturii durabile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolie Ganea ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
The Past

The article gives brief information on inventorying of some crop wild relatives in the forest ecosystems of different soil-climatic zones of Republic of Moldova, and collection of accessions of the local forms of cultivated plants on farms. It was found that natural populations of 5 pilot species – wild cherry, wild pear, cornelian cherry, wild apple and hazelnut are degrading under the influence of envi-ronmental stresses. It is noted that the range of social-economic and political factors of the past 60-70 years has led to significant genetic erosion of the local gene pool of agricultural crops. Elaboration of the effective methods for in situ conservation of agrobiodiversity will facilitate the greening of agricultural production and introduction of the elements of sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Study of Aerosol Impact on the Solar Potential Available in Burkina Faso, West Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 297-310
Author(s):  
Bado Nébon ◽  
Mamadou Simina Dramé ◽  
Korgo Bruno ◽  
Guengane Hassime ◽  
Demba Ndao Niang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Direct Flow ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Diffuse Flow ◽  
Standard Atmosphere ◽  
The North

This paper is an assessment of aerosols impact on solar potential available in Burkina Faso in 2017. Three measurement stations were selected from the North to the South according to the climatic zones, with sites at Dori (14.035°N, 0.034°W) in the North, Ouagadougou (12.20°N, 1.40°W) in the Center and Gaoua (10.29°N, 3.25°W) in the Southwest, respectively. This study is based on in-situ measurements, satellite observations and a tropospheric standard model of the Streamer radiative transfer code of atmospheric particles. The results show a high availability of solar irradiation with average monthly values ranging between 4.46 kWh/m²/d and 6.82 kWh/m²/d. The most favorable periods with maximum radiation are observed in Spring in March and in Fall in October. Yet, the qualitative comparison between the evolution of aerosols and that of solar potential clearly shows aerosols capacity to influence the radiation at the crossing of the atmosphere. Thus, the aerosols maxima correspond to the solar potential minima. Moreover, a comparison between the day cycles of solar radiation and those of the simulation model shows a good accuracy of the Streamer code to estimate the solar flows at the surface in a standard atmosphere without clouds in Burkina Faso.However, a quantification of the aerosol impact by the Streamer code reveals a reduction in the normal direct flow compared to clear days defined by aerosol optical depth (AOD) less than 0.2 (AOD<0.2) of nearly 75.04% at the Dori site in the North, 57.33% at the Ouagadougou site in the Center and 40.89 % at the Gaoua site in the Southwest during polluted days corresponding to AOD higher than 0.8.This corresponds to an increase in the diffuse flow of 279.69 W/m², 246.05 W/m² and 226.09 W/m², respectively calculated on the same sites. In case of a mixed day (0.2 <AOD <0.8), this decrease in direct solar flow is estimated at 41.25%, 22.11% and 37.13% with an increasein the diffuse solar flux of 115.04 W/m², 150.43 W/m² and 79.58 W/m² at the sites of Dori, Ouagadougou and Gaoua, respectively.

Daily activity pattern of reintroduced giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla): effects of seasonality and experience

Mammalia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamil E. Di Blanco ◽  
Karina L. Spørring ◽  
Mario S. Di Bitetti
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Kernel Density ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Nocturnal Activity ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Daily Activity Pattern ◽  
Seasonal Shifts

AbstractWe assessed the effect of seasonality and intrinsic conditions on daily activity pattern of giant anteaters reintroduced in the Iberá Reserve, Argentina. During 2007–2012 we gathered 159 24-h focal samples on 15 radio-marked individuals (11 captive-reared, four wild-reared; seven adults, eight juveniles), 216 records of beginning and end of activity bouts on 20 individuals, and 454 camera-traps records (3345 trap-days). We estimated the daily hours of activity, the percentage of diurnal and nocturnal activity, and the daily activity range and time overlap using time as a circular variable in kernel density estimations. We assessed differences between seasons, sexes, age classes, and types of rearing. The average daily hours of activity was 8:43 h. Camera-traps and radio-telemetry showed similar results. Animals exhibited both diurnal (60–65%) and nocturnal (40–35%) activity. The higher probability for being active ranged within 09:00–03:00 h. Anteaters spent more hours active and were more nocturnal during summer. Activity was highly overlapped between sexes, and wild-reared individuals were more nocturnal than captive-reared ones. Seasonal shifts in daily activity highlights the importance of thermoregulation as a selective factor in this species. The giant anteater is a cathemeral species with flexibility to accommodate its activity pattern to local conditions or experience.

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