Bone Area Provides a Responsive Outcome Measure for Bone Changes in Short-term Knee Osteoarthritis Studies

Objective.To analyze the 3-D bone area from an osteoarthritis (OA) cohort demonstrating no change in cartilage thickness.Methods.Twenty-seven women with painful medial knee OA had magnetic resonance images at 0, 3, and 6 months. Images were analyzed using active appearance models.Results.At 3 and 6 months, the mean change in medial femoral bone area was 0.34% (95% CI 0.04–0.64) and 0.61% (95% CI 0.32–0.90), respectively. Forty-one percent of the subjects had progression greater than the smallest detectable difference at 6 months.Conclusion.In this small cohort at high risk of OA progression, bone area changed at 3 and 6 months when cartilage morphometric measures did not.

Download Full-text

Multiview Active Appearance Models for Simultaneous Segmentation of Cardiac 2- and 4-Chamber Long-Axis Magnetic Resonance Images

Investigative Radiology ◽

10.1097/01.rli.0000154216.94316.f7 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 195-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Mehmet ??z??mc?? ◽

Rob J. van der Geest ◽

Milan Sonka ◽

Hildo J. Lamb ◽

Johan H. C. Reiber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Active Appearance Models ◽

Appearance Models ◽

Active Appearance

Download Full-text

AUTOMATIC SEGMENTATION OF CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES USING ACTIVE APPEARANCE MODELS AND HAUSDORFF DISTANCE

Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology ◽

10.1142/s0219519412005058 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (04) ◽

pp. 1250059

Author(s):

MOHAMMED AMMAR ◽

SAÏD MAHMOUDI ◽

MOHAMMED AMINE CHIKH ◽

AMINE ABBOU

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Hausdorff Distance ◽

Automatic Segmentation ◽

Initial Position ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Test Image ◽

Active Appearance Models ◽

Appearance Models ◽

Active Appearance

Active Appearance Models (AAM), have been introduced by Cootes et al. [IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2001], and are used to learn objects characteristics during a training phase by building a compact statistical model representing shape and texture variation of the object. This Model is used to find the object location and shape-appearance parameters, in a test set. The selection of the initial position of the construct model in a test image is a very important task in this context. The goal of this work is to propose an automatic segmentation method applied to cardiovascular MR images using an AAM based segmentation approach. The AAM model was constructed using 20 end-diastolic and end-systolic short axis cardiac magnetic resonance images (MRI). Once the model is constructed, we select the best position in order to start the search step manually in the test image. That is why; in this paper, the localization of the left ventricular cavity in the test image is used to select the initial position of the construct model developed from the training images. So we propose an automatic approach to detect this spatial position by using two methods: (1) the circular Hough transform (CHT) and (2) the evaluation of the Hausdorff distance.

Download Full-text

In VivoQuantitative Ultrasound Image Analysis of Femoral Subchondral Bone in Knee Osteoarthritis

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/182562 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jana Podlipská ◽

Juhani M. Koski ◽

Pasi Pulkkinen ◽

Simo Saarakkala

Keyword(s):

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Subchondral Bone ◽

Ultrasound Image ◽

Gray Level ◽

Depth Level ◽

Knee Oa ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

The Us ◽

Bone Changes ◽

The Mean

A potential of quantitative noninvasive knee ultrasonography (US) for detecting changes in femoral subchondral bone related to knee osteoarthritis (OA) was investigated. Thirty-nine patients referred to a knee arthroscopy underwent dynamic noninvasive US examination of the knee joint. The subchondral bone was semiautomatically segmented from representative US images of femoral medial and lateral condyles and intercondylar notch area. Subsequently, the normalized mean gray-level intensity profile, starting from the cartilage-bone interface and extending to the subchondral bone depth of ~1.7 mm, was calculated. The obtained profile was divided into 5 depth levels and the mean of each level, as well as the slope of the profile within the first two levels, was calculated. The US quantitative data were compared with the arthroscopic Noyes’ grading and radiographic Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grading. Qualitatively, an increase in relative subchondral bone US gray-level values was observed as OA progressed. Statistically significant correlations were observed between normalized US mean intensity or intensity slope especially in subchondral bone depth level 2 and K-L grading (r=0.600,P<0.001;r=0.486,P=0.006, resp.) or femoral arthroscopic scoring (r=0.332,P=0.039;r=0.335,P=0.037, resp.). This novel quantitative noninvasive US analysis technique is promising for detection of femoral subchondral bone changes in knee OA.

Download Full-text

Longitudinal validation of periarticular bone area and 3D shape as biomarkers for knee OA progression? Data from the FNIH OA Biomarkers Consortium

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207602 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 75 (9) ◽

pp. 1607-1614 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

David Hunter ◽

Michael Nevitt ◽

John Lynch ◽

Virginia Byers Kraus ◽

Jeffrey N Katz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Markers ◽

Radiographic Progression ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Bone Area ◽

Active Appearance Models ◽

3D Shape ◽

Knee Oa ◽

Osteoarthritis Initiative ◽

Kellgren And Lawrence ◽

Nested Case Control

ObjectiveTo perform a longitudinal validation study of imaging bone biomarkers of knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression.MethodsWe undertook a nested case–control study within the Osteoarthritis Initiative in knees (one knee per subject) with a Kellgren and Lawrence grade of 1–3. Cases were defined as knees having the combination of medial tibiofemoral radiographic progression and pain progression at the 24-month, 36-month or 48-month follow-up compared with baseline. Controls (n=406) were eligible knees that did not meet both endpoint criteria and included 200 with neither radiographic nor pain progression, 103 with radiographic progression only and 103 with pain progression only. Bone surfaces in medial and lateral femur, tibia and patella compartments were segmented from MR images using active appearance models. Independent variables of primary interest included change from baseline to 24 months in (1) total area of bone and (2) position on three-dimensional (3D) bone shape vectors that discriminate OA versus non-OA shapes. We assessed the association of bone markers changes over 24 months with progression using logistic regression.Results24-month changes in bone area and shape in all compartments were greater in cases than controls, with ORs of being a case per 1 SD increase in bone area ranging from 1.28 to 1.71 across compartments, and per 1 SD greater change in 3D shape vectors ranging from 1.22 to 1.64. Bone markers were associated most strongly with radiographic progression and only weakly with pain progression.ConclusionsIn knees with mild-to-moderate radiographic OA, changes in bone area and shape over 24 months are associated with the combination of radiographic and pain progression over 48 months. This finding of association with longer term clinical outcome underscores their potential for being an efficacy of intervention biomarker in clinical trials.

Download Full-text

Effect of Medialization of the Trochlear Groove and Lateralization of the Tibial Tubercle on TT-TG Distance: A Cross-sectional Study of Dysplastic and Nondysplastic Knees

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546520987819 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036354652098781

Author(s):

Mathias Paiva ◽

Lars Blønd ◽

Per Hölmich ◽

Kristoffer Weisskirchner Barfod

Keyword(s):

Trochlear Dysplasia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Tibial Tubercle ◽

Control Group ◽

Trochlear Groove ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Mean

Background: Tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is often used as a measure of lateralization of the TT and is important for surgical planning. Purpose: To investigate if increased TT-TG distance measured on axial magnetic resonance images is due to lateralization of the TT or medialization of the TG. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 84 knees (28 normal [NK], 28 with trochlear dysplasia [TD], and 28 with patellar dislocation without TD [PD]) were examined. The medial border of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) was chosen as the central anatomic landmark. The distance from the TT to PCL (TT-PCL) was measured to examine the lateralization of the TT. The distance from the TG to the PCL (TG-PCL) was measured to examine the medialization of the TG. Between-group differences were investigated by use of 1-way analysis of variance. Results: The mean values for TT-TG distance were 8.7 ± 3.6 mm for NK, 12.1 ± 6.0 mm for PD, and 16.7 ± 4.3 mm in the TD group ( P < .01). The mean values for TT-PCL distance were 18.5 ± 3.6 mm for NK, 18.5 ± 4.5 mm for PD, and 21.2 ± 4.2 mm in the TD group ( P = .03). The mean values for TG-PCL distance were 9.6 ± 3.0 mm for NK, 7.1 ± 3.4 mm for PD, and 5.1 ± 3.3 mm in the dysplastic group ( P < .01). Conclusion: The present results indicate that increased TT-TG distance is due to medialization of the TG and not lateralization of the TT. Knees with TD had increased TT-TG distance compared with the knees of the control group and the knees with PD. The TT-PCL distance did not differ significantly between groups, whereas the TG-PCL distance declined with increased TT-TG.

Download Full-text

A Multi-Channel Uncertainty-Aware Multi-Resolution Network for MR to CT Synthesis

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11041667 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1667

Author(s):

Kerstin Klaser ◽

Pedro Borges ◽

Richard Shaw ◽

Marta Ranzini ◽

Marc Modat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Image Analysis ◽

Absolute Error ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

The Body ◽

Whole Body ◽

Image Size ◽

Body Images ◽

Image Translation ◽

The Mean ◽

Synthetic Ct

Synthesising computed tomography (CT) images from magnetic resonance images (MRI) plays an important role in the field of medical image analysis, both for quantification and diagnostic purposes. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art results in image-to-image translation for brain applications. However, synthesising whole-body images remains largely uncharted territory, involving many challenges, including large image size and limited field of view, complex spatial context, and anatomical differences between images acquired at different times. We propose the use of an uncertainty-aware multi-channel multi-resolution 3D cascade network specifically aiming for whole-body MR to CT synthesis. The Mean Absolute Error on the synthetic CT generated with the MultiResunc network (73.90 HU) is compared to multiple baseline CNNs like 3D U-Net (92.89 HU), HighRes3DNet (89.05 HU) and deep boosted regression (77.58 HU) and shows superior synthesis performance. We ultimately exploit the extrapolation properties of the MultiRes networks on sub-regions of the body.

Download Full-text

Serum C-reactive protein metabolite (CRPM) is associated with incidence of contralateral knee osteoarthritis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86064-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anne-Christine Bay-Jensen ◽

Asger Bihlet ◽

Inger Byrjalsen ◽

Jeppe Ragnar Andersen ◽

Bente Juhl Riis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phase Iii ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Two Phase ◽

Knee Oa ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Inflammatory Phenotype ◽

The Mean ◽

Using Data

AbstractThe heterogeneous nature of osteoarthritis (OA) and the need to subtype patients is widely accepted in the field. The biomarker CRPM, a metabolite of C-reactive protein (CRP), is released to the circulation during inflammation. Blood CRPM levels have shown to be associated with disease activity and response to treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the level of blood CRPM in OA compared to RA using data from two phase III knee OA and two RA studies (N = 1591). Moreover, the association between CRPM levels and radiographic progression was investigated. The mean CRPM levels were significantly lower in OA (8.5 [95% CI 8.3–8.8] ng/mL, n = 781) compared to the RA patients (12.8 [9.5–16.0] ng/mL, n = 60); however, a significant subset of OA patients (31%) had CRPM levels (≥ 9 ng/mL) comparable to RA. Furthermore, OA patients (n = 152) with CRPM levels ≥ 9 ng/mL were more likely to develop contra-lateral knee OA assessed by X-ray over a two-year follow-up period with an odds ratio of 2.2 [1.0–4.7]. These data suggest that CRPM is a blood-based biochemical marker for early identification OA patients with an inflammatory phenotype.

Download Full-text