Associations between Dietary Fiber and Colorectal Polyp Risk Differ by Polyp Type and Smoking Status

Abstract Aldehydes have been shown to be potentially carcinogenic, mutagenic, and cardiotoxic to humans. Dietary fiber reduces exposure to certain environmental pollutants and has been widely used to improve various metabolic disorders. However, the effects of dietary fiber on serum concentrations of aldehydes remain unexplored. We collected data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2014. Generalized linear regression and restricted cubic spline models were performed to elucidate the association of dietary fiber intake with the serum concentration of aldehydes. After fully adjusting for age, sex, education level, race, smoking status, alcohol use, diabetes, hypertension, body mass index, energy intake, poverty-income ratio and physical activity, dietary fiber intake had a strong negative association with serum levels of isopentanaldehyde and propanaldehyde and a positive association with serum levels of benzaldehyde. The estimated increases in the mean log2-unit (ng/mL) of aldehydes for each fold increase in dietary fiber ranged from − 0.155 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: -0.210 to -0.101) for isopentanaldehyde to -0.053 (95% CI: -0.094 to -0.011) for propanaldehyde and 0.156 (95% CI: 0.091 to 0.222) for benzaldehyde. No significant association was observed between dietary fiber intake and the concentration of any other aldehydes. These results demonstrate that dietary fiber reduces the concentration of certain aldehydes in serum.

Download Full-text

Colorectal Polyp Type and the Association With Charred Meat Consumption, Smoking, and Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase Polymorphisms

Nutrition and Cancer ◽

10.1080/01635581.2011.553021 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 583-592 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Andrea N. Burnett-Hartman ◽

Polly A. Newcomb ◽

Margaret T. Mandelson ◽

Scott V. Adams ◽

Karen J. Wernli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epoxide Hydrolase ◽

Meat Consumption ◽

Colorectal Polyp ◽

Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase ◽

Polyp Type

Download Full-text

Exploration of the Association between Dietary Fiber Intake and Hypertension among U.S. Adults Using 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Blood Pressure Guidelines: NHANES 2007–2014

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10081091 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1091 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Baoqi Sun ◽

Xiaoyan Shi ◽

Tong Wang ◽

Dongfeng Zhang

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

American Heart Association ◽

Family Income ◽

American Heart ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Heart Association ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake ◽

Vegetable Fiber

This study aimed to explore the association between dietary fiber intake and hypertension risk using 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Blood Pressure Guidelines. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2014 were used in this study. Dietary fiber data were obtained through two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 80 mmHg or treatment with hypertensive medications. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline models were applied to evaluate the associations between dietary intakes of total, cereal, vegetable, and fruit fiber and hypertension. A total of 18,433 participants aged 18 years or older were included in the analyses. After adjustment for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), race, educational level, smoking status, family income, and total daily energy intake, compared with the lowest tertile, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of hypertension for the highest tertile intakes of total, cereal, vegetable, and fruit fiber were 0.62 (0.52–0.75), 0.80 (0.67–0.96), 0.82 (0.69–0.98), and 0.86 (0.71–1.04), respectively. Dose-response analyses revealed that the risk of hypertension was associated with total fiber intake in a nonlinear trend, while the relationships were linear for cereal and vegetable fiber intakes. Our results suggested that the intakes of total, cereal, and vegetable fiber, but not fruit fiber, were associated with a decreased risk of hypertension in U.S. adults.

Download Full-text

Abstract 4817: Dietary fiber intake reduces colorectal polyp risk in cigarette smokers.

10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-4817 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Zhenming Fu ◽

Martha J. Shrubsole ◽

Wei Zheng

Keyword(s):

Dietary Fiber ◽

Colorectal Polyp ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake

Download Full-text

A20 VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION REDUCES THE OCCURRENCE OF COLORECTAL POLYPS IN HIGH-LATITUDE LOCATIONS

Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1093/jcag/gwz047.019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 23-24

Author(s):

R L Sutherland ◽

J Ormsbee ◽

J Pader ◽

N Forbes ◽

R J Hilsden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Colorectal Polyp ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Colorectal Polyps ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Supplemental Vitamin ◽

Lifestyle Questionnaire

Abstract Background There is suggestive evidence for the role of vitamin D in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Furthermore, previous studies have observed associations with vitamin D supplementation and lower incidence of CRC. Due to high latitudes in Canada, many Canadians are vitamin D deficient throughout winter Aims In this analysis, we aimed to examine the association between either vitamin D supplement use or meeting the reccommended daily intake of vitamin D, and either any colorectal polyp, or a known precursor of CRC: high-risk adenomatous polyps (HRAPs). Methods The study population was drawn from the biorepository at the Forzani & MacPhail Colon Cancer Screening Centre (CCSC) in Calgary. Data were obtained from the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ) I or II, the Health and Lifestyle Questionnaire (HLQ), and through post-colonoscopy reports completed by the endoscopist. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between intake of supplemental vitamin D and presence of HRAPs. Models were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, fiber intake, alcohol consumption, and smoking status. Results Individuals between the age of 50 and 74 years (n= 1,409) were included. When examining the association between any supplemental vitamin D use and HRAPs, a protective effect was observed with an ORadj of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.33–0.96). Similarly, meeting the recommended daily intake (RDI) of vitamin D (600 IU) was protective against HRAPs with an ORadj of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.62–0.99). Conclusions This study suggests that adequate vitamin D supplementation can reduce the risk of HRAPs. These results could be used to inform public health recommendations for vitamin D intake with hopes of reducing the risk of HRAPs. Funding Agencies None

Download Full-text

Colorectal Polyp Prevalence According to Alcohol Consumption, Smoking and Obesity

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17072387 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (7) ◽

pp. 2387

Author(s):

Kyujin Lee ◽

Yong Hwan Kim

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Middle Age ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Colorectal Polyp ◽

Colorectal Polyps ◽

Obesity Management ◽

Never Smokers

This study aimed to analyze colorectal polyp prevalence associated with health behavior. Data from 1180 Korean men (young adult (YA), aged 40–49; middle age (MA) aged 50–59; old aged (OA), aged 60–79 years) were collected. Health behavior included alcohol consumption, smoking status, and obesity. Obesity was determined using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Odds ratio (OR) was calculated by logistic regression. The prevalence of polyps increased for current smokers by 2.642 times in the YA group, 3.468 times in the MA group, and 3.104 times in the OA group compared to the never-smokers. The OR for WC increased in subjects with obesity by 1.514 in the MA and 1.451 in the OA group compared to normal. The prevalence of three or more polyps increased with WC obesity by 2.3 times in YA, 2.2 times in MA, and 1.9 times in OA compared to normal WC. Therefore, smoking cessation and obesity management may reduce the risk of colorectal polyps.

Download Full-text

Striae Gravidarum, Vitamin C and Other Related Factors

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000049 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 43-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rahime Bedir Findik ◽

Nurcihan Karakurt Hascelik ◽

Kadir Okhan Akin ◽

Ayse Nurcan Unluer ◽

Jale Karakaya

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Related Factors ◽

Thigh Circumference ◽

Striae Gravidarum

Background: Striae gravidarum, a clinical condition commonly seen in pregnant women, produces serious cosmetic problems and may lead to psychological problems. Aim: The present study investigated whether there was any relation between the presence of striae in primigravid pregnant women and blood vitamin C levels, and factors thought to contribute to the formation of striae such as family history, weight gained during pregnancy, smoking status, abdominal and thigh circumference, and age. Methods: Overall, 69 primigravid women attending routine antenatal follow-up and, using prophylactic iron and vitamin preparations, underwent investigation. All were pregnant 36 or more weeks. Scoring was based on striae examination and whether striae were present. The relation between the presence of striae, vitamin C blood levels, and other factors was investigated. Results and Conclusions: Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant relation between the presence of striae and blood vitamin C levels (p = 0.046) and between the presence of striae and family history (p = 0.023). No significant relation was found between the presence of striae and age, weight gained during pregnancy, abdominal and thigh circumference, or smoking status. It was concluded that further, more comprehensive studies on the issue are required.

Download Full-text