scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Factors Are Associated with Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Older African Americans

2015 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyanna G Hansen ◽  
Wenbo Tang ◽  
Katie C Hootman ◽  
Patsy M Brannon ◽  
Denise K Houston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Older African Americans ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

scholarly journals Common Variation in Vitamin D Pathway Genes Predicts Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels among African Americans

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e28623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa B. Signorello ◽  
Jiajun Shi ◽  
Qiuyin Cai ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Scott M. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Common Variation ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Epigenetics Predicts Serum 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D Response to Vitamin D 3 Supplementation in African Americans

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1900738
Author(s):  
Li Chen ◽  
Yanbin Dong ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
Haidong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D 3

scholarly journals Etiology of Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars: A Prospective Twin Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Silva ◽  
N.M. Kilpatrick ◽  
J.M. Craig ◽  
D.J. Manton ◽  
P. Leong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Genes And Environment ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

The etiology of hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM) is unclear, but genetic and environmental factors have been proposed. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative contribution of genes and environment to the etiology of HSPM and to identify potential environmental risk factors in a longitudinal twin cohort. Children from twin pregnancies ( N = 250) were recruited antenatally, and detailed demographic, health, and phenotypic data were collected at recruitment, 24- and 36-wk gestation, birth, and 18 mo of age. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D was quantified for mothers at 28-wk gestation and infants at birth. Dental examinations were conducted on the twins at 6 y of age to determine the presence, severity, and extent of HSPM per standardized criteria. To investigate associations of environmental risk factors with HSPM, multiple logistic regression models were fitted with generalized estimating equations to adjust for twin correlation. Within- and between-pair analyses were performed for unshared continuous variables: birthweight and birth 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Twin-twin concordance for monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) pairs was calculated and compared after adjusting for identified risk factors. A total of 344 twins underwent the 6-y-old dental assessment; HSPM occurred in 68 (19.8%). After adjusting for potential confounders, vitamin D levels at birth, infantile eczema, dizygosity, in vitro fertilization, socioeconomic position, and maternal smoking beyond the first trimester of pregnancy demonstrated the strongest associations with HSPM. Overall concordance for HSPM was 0.47 (95% CI, 0.32 to 0.62) with weak evidence ( P = 0.078) of higher concordance in MZ twins (0.63; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.89) as compared with DZ twins (0.41; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.58). After adjusting for known risk factors, there was no evidence ( P = 0.172) for an additive genetic influence. These findings suggest that shared and unshared environmental factors, such as maternal smoking later in pregnancy and infantile eczema, are important in the etiology of HSPM.

Genetic and environmental determinants of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in multiple sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1414-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie H Laursen ◽  
Helle Bach Søndergaard ◽  
Anders Albrechtsen ◽  
Ruth Frikke-Schmidt ◽  
Nils Koch-Henriksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Allelic Discrimination ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background: Evidence is accumulating supporting a beneficial effect of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis (MS). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown significant associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in key genes in the vitamin D metabolism. Objective: To examine the association between 25(OH)D and six GWAS SNPs and environmental factors in 1497 MS patients. Methods: Blood samples and lifestyle questionnaires were collected between 2009 and 2012. Genotyping of GC-, CYP2R1- and NADSYN1-SNPs was performed by TaqMan allelic discrimination (Life Technologies). Results: We found significant associations between 25(OH)D and SNPs in GC (rs7041, p = 0.01 and rs2282679, p = 0.03) and CYP2R1 (rs10741657, p =1.8 × 10−4). Season of blood sampling (p = 2.8 × 10−31), sex ( p = 1.9 × 10−5), BMI ( p = 2.3 × 10−5), vitamin supplements ( p = 7.0 × 10−22), and fish intake ( p = 0.02) also had significant effects on 25(OH)D. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study, we found significant effects of environmental factors and SNPs in GC and CYP2R1 on 25(OH)D in MS patients. Since 25(OH)D might have protective effects in MS, and vitamin D supply is a modifiable factor, it may be important to include this in the MS treatment regimen.

scholarly journals A Prospective Study of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Mortality Among African Americans and Non-African Americans

2012 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Signorello ◽  
X. Han ◽  
Q. Cai ◽  
S. S. Cohen ◽  
E. L. Cope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals Does the High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in African Americans Contribute to Health Disparities?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Bruce N. Ames ◽  
William B. Grant ◽  
Walter C. Willett
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Dark Skin ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Tract Infections

African Americans have higher incidence of, and mortality from, many health-related problems than European Americans. They also have a 15 to 20-fold higher prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency. Here we summarize evidence that: (i) this health disparity is partly due to insufficient vitamin D production, caused by melanin in the skin blocking the UVB solar radiation necessary for its synthesis; (ii) the vitamin D insufficiency is exacerbated at high latitudes because of the combination of dark skin color with lower UVB radiation levels; and (iii) the health of individuals with dark skin can be markedly improved by correcting deficiency and achieving an optimal vitamin D status, as could be obtained by supplementation and/or fortification. Moderate-to-strong evidence exists that high 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and/or vitamin D supplementation reduces risk for many adverse health outcomes including all-cause mortality rate, adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes, cancer, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, multiple sclerosis, acute respiratory tract infections, COVID-19, asthma exacerbations, rickets, and osteomalacia. We suggest that people with low vitamin D status, which would include most people with dark skin living at high latitudes, along with their health care provider, consider taking vitamin D3 supplements to raise serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels to 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L) or possibly higher.

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