scholarly journals Thermotropic, refracting and thermo-optical properties in three homologs of 4-n-alkyl-4’-cyanobiphenyls

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Nesrullajev
Keyword(s):  
Field Model ◽  
Internal Field ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Temperature Behaviour ◽  
Isotropic Liquid ◽  
Smectic A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Geometry Parameter ◽  
Average Polarizability ◽  
Good Agreement

Investigations of temperature behaviour of the mean refractive index n, ordinary no and extraordinary ne refractive indices, and birefringence Δn have been carried out for three homologues of 4-n-alkyl-4’-cyanobiphenyls (n = 8, 10, 12). The principal polarizabilities α0 and αe, effective geometry parameter αeg and average polarizability αave have been calculated using the isotropic internal field model (Vuks approach). Temperature behaviour of the order parameter in regions of the smectic A–nematic, nematic–isotropic liquid and smectic A–isotropic liquid is discussed. All of the optical and orientational parameters, which have been obtained in this work, are in good agreement with the theoretical approach.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Dielectric Constant as a Function of Temperature at Constant Electric Fields for the Smectic A-Smectic G Transition in A6

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
H. Yurtseven ◽  
E. Kilit
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Dielectric Susceptibility ◽  
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal ◽  
Mean Field Model ◽  
Smectic A ◽  
Observed Behaviour ◽  
The Mean

The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant is studied under some fixed electric fields for the smectic G- (tilted-) smectic A (orthogonal) transition of the ferroelectric liquid crystal of compound A6. For this study, a mean field model with the quadrupole-quadrupole interactions is introduced. By fitting the inverse dielectric susceptibility from the mean field model to the experimental data from the literature, the observed behaviour of the dielectric constant is described satisfactorily for the smectic AG transition in A6. The transition temperature induced by an external electric field is also discussed for this ferroelectric compound.

An Optical Study on Orientational Order Parameter and Molecular Polarizability in Benzylidene Anilines

2011 ◽  
Vol 181-182 ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ramakrishna Nanachara Rao ◽  
P.V. Datta Prasad ◽  
V.G.K.M. Pisipati ◽  
D. Madhavi Latha
Keyword(s):  
Order Parameter ◽  
Nematic Phase ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Orientational Order ◽  
Internal Field ◽  
Molecular Polarizability ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Polarizability Anisotropy ◽  
Optical Study ◽  
Molecular Polarizabilities

Refractive indices measurements are carried out in four alkoxy benzylidene anilines viz., N-(p-n-methoxy and ethoxy benzaldehyde)-p-n-dodecyl and tetra decyl anilines, 1O.12, 1O.14, 2O.12 and 2O.14. First three compounds exhibit monovariant nematic phase while the last compound exhibits nematic and SmA phases with variable thermal ranges. The molecular polarizabilities are calculated from the refractive indices and the density using the well known internal field models by Vuks and Neugebauer. The molecular polarizability anisotropy is estimated from the Lippincott δ-function model as well as molecular vibrational methods. The order parameter is estimated using a) from the Haller’s extrapolation from molecular polarizabilities, b) from the scaling factors obtained from the equations by Vuks and Neugbeaur and c) directly from the birefringence - a method developed by Kuczynski et al without considering any internal field model to the liquid crystal molecule. The results evaluated from these methods are compared from one another and the limitations of the methods used are discussed.

scholarly journals High-Frequency Single-Board Doppler Minisodar for Precipitation Measurements. Part I: Rainfall and Hail

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-432
Author(s):  
Shixuan Pang ◽  
Hartmut Graßl
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Subsequent Paper ◽  
Doppler Sodar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
Rain Rates ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract A high-frequency Doppler sodar for precipitation measurements has been developed. Such a Doppler sodar (6–20 kHz) can almost always measure precipitation and turbulence spectra simultaneously. Therefore, the mean vertical wind and spectral broadening effects can be directly removed. As the acoustic refractive indices for ice and liquid water are almost the same, the acoustic retrieval of precipitation can also be applied to rain with small hail (e.g., diameter D < 10 mm) or large hail, but for the latter, neglecting the effects of different orientations and shapes of hailstones. The authors’ single-board minisodar is based on the digital signal processing (DSP) technique. The first prototype has been continuously operated at a coastal weather station since 25 October 2002. For stratiform rain events, the minisodar showed good agreement with a Joss–Waldvogel disdrometer and an optical rain gauge. However, for convective heavy showers, the minisodar always observed higher rain rates. The continuous, nonattended automatic operation of the minisodar has shown its capability for all kinds of precipitation measurements. The retrieval of precipitation rates for snow and graupel will be provided in a subsequent paper.

The mean field model withP2θ2coupling for the smectic A-smectic C* phase transition in liquid crystals

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. SalihoĞLu ◽  
H. Yurtseven ◽  
A. Giz ◽  
D. Kayişoğlu ◽  
A. Konu
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Mean Field Model ◽  
Smectic A ◽  
Smectic C ◽  
The Mean

INDUCED CHANGES OF THERMOTROPIC PROPERTIES OF PHASE TRANSITIONS BETWEEN SMECTIC A MESOPHASE AND ISOTROPIC LIQUID: EFFECT OF SURFACES

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 821-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARIF NESRULLAJEV ◽  
ŞENER OKTIK
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Isotropic Liquid ◽  
Smectic A ◽  
Phase Transition Temperatures ◽  
Smectic A Phase ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Thermotropic Properties

In this work, the effect of thin films on the thermotropic and thermo-optical properties and peculiarities of the phase transitions between the smectic A and isotropic liquid have been investigated. Peculiarities of the heterophase regions of the straight smectic A-isotropic liquid and reverse isotropic liquid-smectic A phase transitions have been studied. Change of morphologic properties of the heterophase regions, shift of the phase transition temperatures and the change of temperature widths of these heterophase regions under thin film influence have been observed.

Phase Field Model for Influence of Edge Dislocation on Precipitation

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 1482-1485
Author(s):  
Chuang Gao Huang ◽  
Ying Jun Gao ◽  
Li Lin Huang ◽  
Jun Long Tian
Keyword(s):  
Edge Dislocation ◽  
Phase Field ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Phase Field Model ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Phase Field Method ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Free Energy Function ◽  
Phase Nucleation ◽  
Good Agreement

The second phase nucleation and precipitation around the edge dislocation are studied using phase-field method. A new free energy function is established. The simulation results are in good agreement with that of theory of dislocation and theory of non-uniform nucleation.

Computational Investigation of Different Turbulent Models When Predicting Airflow in an Enclosure

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Wang ◽  
Hassan Naji ◽  
Ahmed Mezrhab
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Turbulent Stress ◽  
Computational Investigation ◽  
Isothermal Case ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Turbulent Models ◽  
Rsm Model ◽  
Cold Case ◽  
Good Agreement

In the present study, a numerical investigation is carried out for an isothermal case, a hot case and a cold case with FLUENT code. Three turbulence models are considered: the k-ε realisable model, the RNG k-ε model and the RSM linear model. The obtained results are compared to experiments and show generally a good agreement for the mean velocities and temperatures, but less satisfactory for the turbulent stress. The performance of the RSM model is remarkable. Even if none of the models is able to give the exact experimental pattern on the map of turbulence, the RSM model seems able to predict such configuration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document