Diversity of Xanthoparmelia (Parmeliaceae) species in Mexican xerophytic scrub vegetation, evidenced by molecular, morphological and chemistry data

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. e107
Author(s):  
Alejandrina Barcenas-Peña ◽  
Steven D. Leavitt ◽  
Felix Grewe ◽  
H. Thorsten Lumbsch
Keyword(s):  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
The World ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Chemical Characters

The genus Xanthoparmelia is the largest genus of lichen- forming fungi with about 800 species worldwide. Xanthoparmelia is also common in the deserts of central Mexico, but only a few molecular studies exist on its species’ diversity in this region. In this study, we sampled 38 Xanthoparmelia species from around the world including species from the xerophytic scrubs of central Mexico to assess the diversity using an integrative approach. Molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed using a combination of the ITS, mtSSU and nuLSU genetic markers. We evaluated our phylogenetic results in a context of traditional morphological and chemical characters. The combined evidence of molecular, morphological, and chemical data identified a total of 18 Xanthoparmelia species-level lineages occurring in central Mexico. However, numerous traditionally circumscribed species did not form monophyletic groups in the molecular phylogenetic reconstructions. This conflict indicates that taxonomy and species delimitation in the genus Xanthoparmelia requires revision and emphasizes the importance of molecular evidence for more robust species delimitations in this genus.

Molecular phylogeny and species delimitation of the genus Dicerapanorpa (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (4) ◽  
pp. 1173-1195
Author(s):  
Gui-Lin Hu ◽  
Kai Gao ◽  
Ji-Shen Wang ◽  
Paul D N Hebert ◽  
Bao-Zhen Hua
Keyword(s):  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Integrative Analyses ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Small Genus

Abstract Given that species is the fundamental unit in systematic biology, rigorous species delimitation is crucial for taxonomic studies, yet routine species delimitation remains an ongoing challenge in the taxonomic practice of insects. The two-horned scorpionfly Dicerapanorpa is a small genus in Panorpidae (Mecoptera) endemic to the Qinling-Bashan and Hengduan mountains, a biodiversity hotspot. However, species of Dicerapanorpa are difficult to delineate owing to marked intraspecific variation and interspecific similarity. Here, we investigate the diversity and species boundaries of Dicerapanorpa using an integrative approach based on DNA barcoding, morphological, geometric morphometric and molecular phylogenetic analyses. This integrative analyses confirmed the 13 described species of Dicerapanorpa and revealed three new species: Dicerapanorpa lativalva sp. nov., Dicerapanorpa hualongshana sp. nov. and Dicerapanorpa minshana sp. nov. Most molecular operational taxonomic units are in congruence with morphological clusters. Possible reasons for several discordances in Dicerapanorpa are tentatively discussed.

scholarly journals A NEW CRYPTIC SPECIES OF BUSH FROG (AMPHIBIA: ANURA: Raorchestes) FROM THE SOUTHERN EASTERN GHATS, INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 164-173
Author(s):  
Gaurang G. Gowande ◽  
S.R. Ganesh ◽  
Zeeshan A. Mirza
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Mitochondrial 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
The Western Ghats

A new cryptic lineage of bush frogs of the genus Raorchestes from the understudied Eastern Ghats of India is described. Molecular phylogenetic reconstructions using mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences suggest that the new species belongs to the Raorchestes charius clade, is sister to the allopatric R. charius of the Western Ghats and support the species-level distinctiveness of the lineage. The new species morphologically resembles R. charius from which it can be distinguished using the following characters: narrower head (HW/SVL 0.31 vs 0.34–0.36), wider inter upper eyelid (IUE/SVL 0.14–0.16 vs 0.11–0.13), greater maximum upper eyelid width (UEW/SVL 0.10–0.12 vs 0.06–0.09) and shorter thigh (TL/SVL 0.32–0.43 vs 0.44–0.51). Acoustic observations from the breeding males further corroborate the distinct specific status of the new species. The discovery of this new species of bush frog from an understudied landscape suggests that additional extensive surveys in the Eastern Ghats would yield several more amphibian lineages yet unknown to science.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular evidence for the occurrence of Itajahya galericulata (Basidiomycota, Phallales) in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Ravi S. Patel ◽  
Ajit M. Vasava ◽  
Kishore S. Rajput
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Nuclear Rdna ◽  
Gujarat State ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Rdna Its Sequences ◽  
The City

AbstractItajahya galericulata (Phallales, Phallaceae) was previously reported from several countries in South America and Africa. Recently we found I. galericulata in the city of Vadodara, Gujarat State, India. To verify its identity we studied its morphology and performed molecular phylogenetic analyses using nuclear rDNA LSU and mitochondrial ATP6 loci. Here we also provide nuclear rDNA ITS sequences for the Indian collection, since up to now no sequences of this region have been available for I. galericulata in GenBank. This study furnishes the first evidence for the occurrence of I. galericulata in India and in Asia as a whole.

The Phylogenetic Position of Crenea in the Lythraceae Based on Molecular Evidence, and the Transfer of Its Two Species to Ammannia

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 325-339
Author(s):  
Shirley A. Graham ◽  
Peter W. Inglis ◽  
Taciana B. Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Character ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Globally Distributed

Crenea Aubl. (Lythraceae) is a ditypic genus of subshrubs occurring in mangrove vegetation on the coasts of northern South America. Phylogenetic analyses based on morphology have offered unresolved and conflicting phylogenetic positions for the genus in the family. This study presents the first molecular sequences for Crenea, from nrITS, rbcL, trnL, trnL-F, and matK regions. Molecular phylogenetic analyses find full support for Crenea within Ammannia L., a relationship not previously recognized. Ammannia is a globally distributed genus of terrestrial to amphibious herbs mostly occurring in freshwater marshes and wetlands. It was recently reconfigured based on phylogenetic evidence to include the genera Nesaea Comm. ex Kunth and Hionanthera A. Fern. & Diniz. The transfer of Crenea to Ammannia further extends the morphological, ecological, and biogeographical diversity of Ammannia and provides the final evidence defining Ammannia as a monophyletic lineage of the Lythraceae. A revised circumscription of Ammannia s.l. adds several new morphological character states and the first species in the genus restricted to mangrove vegetation. Two changes in taxonomic status are made: Ammannia maritima (Aubl.) S. A. Graham, P. W. Inglis, & T. B. Cavalc., comb. nov., and Ammannia patentinervius (Koehne) S. A. Graham, P. W. Inglis, & T. B. Cavalc., comb. nov. The new combinations are described, a list of exsiccatae examined is provided, and the effects of the reconfiguration to the morphology and biogeography of the genus are detailed.

Lifeforms as criterion for species delimitation: Are Aristida adscensionis and A. coerulescens (Aristidoideae, Poaceae) two species?

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 393 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIKE THIV ◽  
J. ALFREDO REYES-BETANCORT ◽  
ORI FRAGMAN-SAPIR
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Clear Separation ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
The Mediterranean

The distinction of the perennial Aristida coerulescens from the annual A. adscensionis and its taxonomic treatment has been subject of long discussions. We here include accessions from the Mediterranean and Macaronesia for molecular phylogenetic analyses and conducted a morphometric analysis. A lineage of A. adscensionis, A. coerulescens and A. effusa is well supported in phylogenetic trees. Moreover, a group of Mediterranean, Macaronesia and Arabian A. coerulescens and A. adscensionis is revealed where both taxa are intermingled. A morphological analysis of traditionally used spikelet characters did not indicate a clear separation of both taxa. We therefore conclude that A. coerulescens should best be treated as synonym of A. adscensionis. The differential character of annual and perennial life forms seems to be plastic in this taxon indicating rapid shifts between these two strategies. 

Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species of the genus Panolis Hübner, [1821] (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4565 (4) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
XUAN AN ◽  
MAMORU OWADA ◽  
MIN WANG ◽  
HOU-SHUAI WANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
A New Species ◽  
I Gene

A new species of the genus Panolis Hübner, [1821], P. xundian sp. nov., is described and illustrated from southwestern China. It is well-defined morphologically by the male genitalia, with a well-developed pollex at the distal terminal of the sacculus and a broad, ventrally concave cucullus, the female corpus bursae with four long signum-stripes. Based on a 658 bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, we report the pairwise genetic distance of 2.5% from its allied species P. exquisita Draudt, 1950. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using three genes (2189 bp in total length) indicate that the new species belongs to the P. exquisita species group. 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological variation point to taxonomic problems among four genera of parasitoid doryctine wasps (Hymenoptera : Braconidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gebiola ◽  
Antonio P. Garonna ◽  
Umberto Bernardo ◽  
Sergey A. Belokobylskij
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Ongoing Effort ◽  
The Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Doryctinae (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) is a large and diverse subfamily of parasitic wasps that has received much attention recently, with new species and genera described and phylogenies based on morphological and/or molecular data that have improved higher-level classification and species delimitation. However, the status of several genera is still unresolved, if not controversial. Here we focus on two related groups of such genera, Dendrosoter Wesmael–Caenopachys Foerster and Ecphylus Foerster–Sycosoter Picard & Lichtenstein. We integrated morphological and molecular (COI and 28S–D2 genes) evidence to highlight, by phylogenetic analyses (maximum likelihood and Bayesian) and a posteriori morphological examination, previously overlooked variation, which is here illustrated and discussed. Monophyly of Dendrosoter and Caenopachys and the presence of synapomorphic morphological characters support synonymy of Caenopachys under Dendrosoter. Low genetic differentiation and high variability for putatively diagnostic morphological characters found in both C. hartigii (Ratzeburg) and C. caenopachoides (Ruschka) supports synonymy of D. caenopachoides under D. hartigii, syn. nov. Morphological and molecular evidence together also indicate independent generic status for Sycosoter, stat. rev., which is here resurrected. This work represents a further advancement in the framework of the ongoing effort to improve systematics and classification of the subfamily Doryctinae.

scholarly journals Cibaomyces, a new genus of Physalacriaceae from East Asia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Yan-Jia ◽  
Qin Jiao ◽  
Yang Zhu-Liang
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Thin Walled

A new genus in Physalacriaceae, Cibaomyces, typified by C. glutinis, is described using morphological and molecular evidence. Cibaomyces is morphologically characterized by the combination of the following characters: basidioma small to medium-sized, collybioid to tricholomatoid; pileus viscid; hymenophore sinuate to subdecurrent, relatively distant, with brown lamellar edge; stipe sticky and densely covered with felted squamules; basidiospores thin-walled, ornamented with finger-like projections; cystidia nearly cylindrical, thin-walled, often heavily incrusted. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using DNA nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region and the large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA loci indicated that Cibaomyces was related to Gloiocephala, Laccariopsis and Rhizomarasmius. A description, line drawings, phylogenetic placement and comparison with allied taxa are presented. 

Morphological, biogeographical and molecular evidence of Carpocoris mediterraneus as a valid species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3609 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROLAND LUPOLI ◽  
FRANÇOIS DUSOULIER ◽  
ASTRID CRUAUD ◽  
SANDRINE CROS-ARTEIL ◽  
JEAN-CLAUDE STREITO
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase I ◽  
European Species ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
First Time

Carpocoris mediterraneus Tamanini, 1958, synonymized with Carpocoris fuscispinus (Boheman, 1851) by Ribes et al. (2007), is restored to the species level. The shape of the pronotum is a good diagnostic character to distinguish the two species. The existence of two valid species is supported by geographical distribution patterns in Western Europe: Medi-terranean-Atlantic for C. mediterraneus, and Continental for C. fuscispinus. In France and Spain, in some areas, the two species are found in sympatry (sometimes even on the same plant). Morphological observations are confirmed at the mo-lecular level by sequencing of the mitochondrial Cytochrome c oxidase I standard barcode fragment. Indeed, inter-specific divergence largely exceeded intra-specific divergence and our phylogenetic reconstructions reveal that Carpocoris medi-terraneus and Carpocoris fuscispinus form two reciprocally monophyletic genetic lineages. A morphological identifica-tion key is proposed for all the European species of the genus Carpocoris, to facilitate identification. Carpocoris fuscispinus is first time recorded from Portugal.

scholarly journals Phylogeny and Species Delimitation of Chinese Medicago (Leguminosae) and Its Relatives Based on Molecular and Morphological Evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyuan Chen ◽  
Guili Wu ◽  
Nawal Shrestha ◽  
Shuang Wu ◽  
Wei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Incomplete Lineage Sorting ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Lineage Sorting

Medicago and its relatives, Trigonella and Melilotus comprise the most important forage resources globally. The alfalfa selected from the wild relatives has been cultivated worldwide as the forage queen. In the Flora of China, 15 Medicago, eight Trigonella, and four Melilotus species are recorded, of which six Medicago and two Trigonella species are introduced. Although several studies have been conducted to investigate the phylogenetic relationship within the three genera, many Chinese naturally distributed or endemic species are not included in those studies. Therefore, the taxonomic identity and phylogenetic relationship of these species remains unclear. In this study, we collected samples representing 18 out of 19 Chinese naturally distributed species of these three genera and three introduced Medicago species, and applied an integrative approach by combining evidences from population-based morphological clusters and molecular data to investigate species boundaries. A total of 186 individuals selected from 156 populations and 454 individuals from 124 populations were collected for genetic and morphological analyses, respectively. We sequenced three commonly used DNA barcodes (trnH-psbA, trnK-matK, and ITS) and one nuclear marker (GA3ox1) for phylogenetic analyses. We found that 16 out of 21 species could be well delimited based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological clusters. Two Trigonella species may be merged as one species or treated as two subspecies, and Medicago falcata should be treated as a subspecies of the M. sativa complex. We further found that major incongruences between the chloroplast and nuclear trees mainly occurred among the deep diverging lineages, which may be resulted from hybridization, incomplete lineage sorting and/or sampling errors. Further studies involving a finer sampling of species associated with large scale genomic data should be employed to better understand the species delimitation of these three genera.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document