scholarly journals Physicochemical and radiological characterization of kaolin and its polymerization products

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (330) ◽  
pp. e155
Author(s):  
M. Ivanović ◽  
Lj. Kljajević ◽  
M. Nenadović ◽  
N. Bundaleski ◽  
I. Vukanac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Natural Radionuclide ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
X Ray

The aim of this study was determination of physical-chemical and radiological characteristics of kaolin and products of alkali-activated thermally treated kaolin (geopolymer). Also, the objective of presented research was to investigate the possibility of kaolin application as a pigment or as a raw material for obtaining geopolymer materials as a relatively new ones in a building material industry. Physicochemical characterization of one set of samples was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra - red (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Activity concentration of naturally occurring radionuclides in kaolin, metakaolin and geopolymer were determined. The absorbed dose rate (D) and the annual effective dose rate (EDR), calculated in accordance with the UNSCEAR 2000 report, are also presented in this paper. Kaolin was heat-treated on 750oC and specific activity of natural radionuclide in metakaolin increased up to 1.6, while measured specific activities in geopolymer were the lowest.

scholarly journals Radiological and physicochemical properties of red mud based geopolymers

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
Ivana Boskovic ◽  
Snezana Nenadovic ◽  
Ljiljana Kljajevic ◽  
Ivana Vukanac ◽  
Nadezda Stankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
The Aluminum Industry ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared

A significant amount of red mud generated as a by-product of the Bayer process in the aluminum industry may cause environmental problems if appropriate treatment is not carried out. The presented research dealt with the possibility of application of red mud as a pigment or as raw material for use in the construction material industry. In relation to the aim of this work, the physicochemical characterization was performed and the natural radioactivity of red mud as an industrial waste and a geopolymer sample based on it was determined. The presented research is a contribution to the potential solution for environmental protection through the synthesis of possible construction material based on red mud. The radiological hazard orginating from 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in the samples was assesed throught the absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose rate, calculated in accordance with the UNSCEAR 2010 report. Physicochemical characterization of all samples was conducted using X-ray diffraction and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF CLAY MATERIALS USED FOR POTTERY PURPOSES FROM RENDENG, MALO, BOJONEGORO

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Dyah Setyaningrum ◽  
Sujiat Sujiat ◽  
Aprilia Nur Azizah
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plastic Type ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometer

Clay material from Rendeng, Malo, Bojonegoro was studied by mineralogy and physicochemical characterization to evaluate its potential suitability as a raw material in pottery application. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry were used to establish the mineralogy composition. Meanwhile the physical properties were identified by particle size distribution and consistency limits. Chemical composition was carried out by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF).  The results of XRD characterization revealed that clay from Rendeng Village, Malo, Bojonegoro contained  kaolin, quartz, and feldspar. Physical characterization shows that clay material is a less plastic type based on Atterberg method. Based on the chemical compositions indicated that SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, and Fe2O3 were abundance oxides. Therefore, clay from Desa Rendeng was only suitable for the pottery purposes because most of its mineral compositions did not meet the quality requirements for making advanced ceramics.

scholarly journals Study on dose rate distribution inside diagnostic X-ray room by using MCNP5 code

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Loan Thi Hong Truong ◽  
Thu Thi Cam Nguyen ◽  
Hien Thi Doan ◽  
Khanh Ai Tran ◽  
Dung Thi Thuy Vo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Rate Distribution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Room Size ◽  
Exact Determination ◽  
Mcnp5 Code

In this paper, the scattering influence on image quality and radiation safety because of changing room size was studied. To estimate the radiation safety in X-ray room, the exact determination of dose rate distribution inside the room and absorbed dose rate for patient is the first task. The authors simulated the dose rate distribution inside diagnostic X-ray room at Nhi Dong hospital with using MCNP5 code. The dependence of dose rate distribution on various peak voltages of X-ray tube was also investigated in this study

scholarly journals Radioactivity, Metals Pollution and Mineralogy Assessment of a Beach Stretch from the Ionian Coast of Calabria (Southern Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12147
Author(s):  
Francesco Caridi ◽  
Giuseppe Paladini ◽  
Valentina Venuti ◽  
Vincenza Crupi ◽  
Salvatore Procopio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metals Pollution

In the present article, a case study is reported regarding an investigation carried out in order to assess radioactivity concentration, heavy metals pollution and mineralogy of a beach stretch extending from Soverato to Squillace municipalities of the Ionian coast of Calabria, South of Italy, a popular tourist destination, especially in summer. The analysis of radionuclides contents was performed by using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray detector, in order to quantify the average specific activity of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K natural radionuclides and 137Cs anthropogenic radioisotope. The absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose equivalent radiological hazard indices were also estimated. Furthermore, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry measurements were carried out for the quantitative elemental analysis of the sand, in order to investigate any possible chemical pollution by heavy metals. For this aim, different indices such as Enrichment Factor (EF), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were applied to estimate the level of toxicity imposed on the ecosystem by the detected heavy metals. Finally, in order to identify the crystalline mineral components of the investigated sand samples, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Micro-Raman Scattering (MRS) measurements were carried out.

CHARACTERIZATION OF SAND SAMPLES FROM KARACHI BEACHES USING GAMMA SPECTROMETRY AND XRD

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahan Zeb ◽  
Mohammad Wasim ◽  
Sardar A Shah ◽  
Safia Khanam ◽  
Hajira Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Chemical Phase ◽  
Radium Equivalent ◽  
Average Activity

Abstract Chemical phase and distribution of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) were determined for sand samples collected from ten different beaches of Karachi. All samples, except one, were identified with major and minor phases as SiO2 and CaCO3, respectively. The average activity concentrations were 24.9, 25.0 and 239 Bq kg−1 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. Including all samples, the average radium equivalent activity was 79.1 Bq kg−1. The external and internal radiation hazard indices and representative level index were all found below unity. The average air absorbed dose rate at 1 m above the sand due to the natural radionuclides was 18.3 nGy h−1, which was less than the world average for soil. The corresponding annual effective dose rate was 22.4 μSv y−1. It was found that Raeq had positive significant correlation with the amount of quartz present at the beaches.

scholarly journals Thermoluminescent and X-ray diffraction methods in dating of ceramics from archaeological excavations of the Orikti monument (Almaty region)

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Askar Bakhadur ◽  
Nadezhda Aluker ◽  
Galymzhan Bekseitov ◽  
Yerbolat Ospanov ◽  
Bolat Uralbekov
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ceramic Samples

In this work, the ages of archaeological ceramics were determined by the thermoluminescent method after X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) of ceramic samples, which confirms that quartz is the main component phase of the products. This allowed to use the sample preparation technique without isolating the quartz phase from the ceramic sample. Silicon oxide based soil-equivalent thermoluminescent detectors were used to determine the annual absorbed dose rate at the sampling site. The average dose rate at sampling site was 0.62 ± 0.02 cGy/year. Calculation of the ceramics ages was carried out after checking the linearity of lightsums accumulation for samples in the dose range up to 2000 cGy. Based on the performed studies, the ages of the ceramic products were determined that do not contradict to archaeologists dating of these products. It is proposed to use the procedure for determining ceramic samples by the thermoluminescent method after their phase composition identification by XRD. In the case of the predominant mineral composition of quartz phase (the proportion of quartz is more than 60% of the total composition of ceramics), the measurements can be carried out without the quartz isolating; while presence of clay mineral fractions commensurate with quartz levels can lead to the separation of the quartz.

scholarly journals Assessment of nuclear radiation pollution in uranium mining-impacted soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Raad Obid Hussein Houmady
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Uranium Mine ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity

Activities associated with mining of uranium have generated significant quantities of waste materials containing uranium and other toxic metals. A qualitative and quantitative study was performed to assess the situation of nuclear pollution resulting from waste of drilling and exploration left on the surface layer of soil surrounding the abandoned uranium mine hole located in the southern of Najaf province in Iraq state. To measure the specific activity, twenty five surface soil samples were collected, prepared and analyzed by using gamma- ray spectrometer based on high counting efficiency NaI(Tl) scintillation detector. The results showed that the specific activities in Bq/kg are 37.31 to 1112.47 with mean of 268.16, 0.28 to 18.57 with mean of 6.68 and 132.25 to 678.33 with mean of 277.49 for 238U, 232Th and 40K respectively. Based on these values, radium equivalent activity in Bq/kg and absorbed dose rate one meter above the ground surface nGy/h were calculated and found to be vary 52.72 to 1189.84 and from 25.02 to 553.01. The indoor and outdoor annual effective dose rate in mSv/y ranged from 0.12 to 2.71 and from 0.03 to 0.67 respectively. To evaluate the dangerous of the study area, the external (Hex) and internal (Hin) hazard indexes are calculated and found to be ranged 0.14 to 3.21 and from 0.24 to 6.22. For the purpose of assessing the seriousness of the study area, results were compared with the world wide average. This comparison indicated that the study area is not safe from the radiological protection point view.

Photocatalytic Degradation of 2-chlorophenol under γ-Bi2MoO6/Graphene Oxide

MRS Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 581-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rodríguez-López ◽  
R. Rangel ◽  
P. Bartolo-Pérez ◽  
J.J. Alvarado-Gil ◽  
J. L. Cervantes-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bismuth Molybdate ◽  
X Ray

ABSTRACTThe present research was aimed to study the degradation of 2-Chlorophenol through the use of bismuth molybdate (γ-Bi2MoO6) structures supported on graphene oxide (GO) which is intended to control the recombination of charge carriers. γ-Bi2MoO6/GO systems were doped with nitrogen via chemical reaction, to reduce their energy gap, improving their photocatalytic activity. Structural and physicochemical characterization of the resulting catalysts were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-Vis. The obtained compounds show good photo catalytic performance when using visible energy to degrade 2-Chlorophenol, obtaining 80% of degradation in 65 min.

scholarly journals Effect of Beneficiation on the Characterization of Getso Kaolin

Mining Revue ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Nurudeen Salahudeen ◽  
Ahmad A. Mukhtar
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silica Alumina

Abstract In their raw forms, clay minerals are found with a number of inherent impurities which make them unsuitable for most industrial applications. In order to overcome this problem and add value to clay minerals, beneficiation process is an indispensable solution. This study investigates effect of wet beneficiation process on the characteristics of a local clay mined from Getso village of Kano State, Nigeria. Mineralogical characterization of the clay was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyzer. Chemical characterization of the clay was carried out using X-ray fluorescence analyzer. Physicochemical characterization of the clay was carried out using pH meter and density analysis conducted using density bottle. XRD analysis of Getso clay showed that the raw clay had 8 wt% kaolinite and 51% quartz. Wet beneficiation resulted into 53% improvement of the kaolinite content and 47% reduction of quartz impurity. The XRF analysis has shown that silica-alumina ratio of the raw Getso clay was 1.55 and this reduced to 1.49 after beneficiation. The physicochemical characterization of the clay has shown that Getso clay is neutral, the raw clay and beneficiated clay had average pH values of 7.5 and 7.3, respectively. Specific gravity values of the raw and beneficiated clay were 2.24 and 2.04, respectively. The beneficiation process had been effective as substantial increase in kaolinte content was observed and a reasonable decrese in the impurity contents was observed from the raw to the beneficiated clay. The Garnet content was completely reduced to zero while quartz, clinochlore and orthoclase were reduced by 24%, 9% and 13% respectively. The clay obtained after the beneficiation be serve as good raw material for production of whitewares, high grade ceramics in synthesis of zeolitic materials.

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