scholarly journals Features and Benefits of Cool Roofs: The Cool Roof Rating Council Program

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle van Tijen ◽  
Rebecca Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Cool Roof ◽  
Material Type ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings ◽  
Cool Roofs

Green buildings incorporate many strategies to reduce energy use and environmental impacts and improve occupant health. Cool roofs are one important green building strategy because of the immense positive benefit they can provide. Cool roofs are not a new phenomenon, but they are essential to the construction and maintenance of energy efficient buildings, and new cool roof technologies give architects more options for both material type and color.

Green Building Technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Jeremy Gibberd
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Technical Detail ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Structured Approach

Buildings are responsible for 40% of global energy use and produce over a third of global greenhouse gas emissions. These impacts are being acknowledged and addressed in specialist building design techniques and technologies that aim to reduce the environmental impacts of buildings. These techniques and technologies can be referred to collectively as green building technologies. This chapter describes green building technologies and shows why they are vital in addressing climate change and reducing the negative environmental impacts associated with built environments. A structured approach is presented which can be applied to identify and integrate green building technologies into new and existing buildings. By combining global implications with technical detail, the chapter provides a valuable guide to green building technologies and their role in supporting a transition to a more sustainable future.

scholarly journals The Performance Gap in Energy-Efficient Office Buildings: How the Occupants Can Help?

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qadeer Ali ◽  
Muhammad Jamaluddin Thaheem ◽  
Fahim Ullah ◽  
Samad M. E. Sepasgozar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Occupant Behavior ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Performance Gap ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings

Rising demand and limited production of electricity are instrumental in spreading the awareness of cautious energy use, leading to the global demand for energy-efficient buildings. This compels the construction industry to smartly design and effectively construct these buildings to ensure energy performance as per design expectations. However, the research tells a different tale: energy-efficient buildings have performance issues. Among several reasons behind the energy performance gap, occupant behavior is critical. The occupant behavior is dynamic and changes over time under formal and informal influences, but the traditional energy simulation programs assume it as static throughout the occupancy. Effective behavioral interventions can lead to optimized energy use. To find out the energy-saving potential based on simulated modified behavior, this study gathers primary building and occupant data from three energy-efficient office buildings in major cities of Pakistan and categorizes the occupants into high, medium, and low energy consumers. Additionally, agent-based modeling simulates the change in occupant behavior under the direct and indirect interventions over a three-year period. Finally, energy savings are quantified to highlight a 25.4% potential over the simulation period. This is a unique attempt at quantifying the potential impact on energy usage due to behavior modification which will help facility managers to plan and execute necessary interventions and software experts to develop effective tools to model the dynamic usage behavior. This will also help policymakers in devising subtle but effective behavior training strategies to reduce energy usage. Such behavioral retrofitting comes at a much lower cost than the physical or technological retrofit options to achieve the same purpose and this study establishes the foundation for it.

scholarly journals Determining Adequate Information for Green Building Occupant Training Materials

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Steinberg ◽  
Melissa Patchan ◽  
Christian Schunn ◽  
Amy Landis
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Change Behaviors ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
The Impact

As knowledge of the built environment's impact on resource and energy use increases, industry leaders are moving toward a healthier, more sustainable solution by building green. Though green buildings have the ability to improve occupant health and productivity, it is not clear what impact the behaviors of building occupants have on the building. New systems and technologies in green buildings require building occupants to think and operate differently in their new green environment, otherwise risking not fully gaining the benefits of the new facility. The new behaviors necessary to the success of the green building are not necessarily obvious or trivial. They cannot simply be learned “on-the-job;” rather the transformation will require formal education. It likely requires changing attitudes and beliefs in addition to building a robust understanding of new procedures. This study sought to determine the amount of information necessary to change occupants' willingness to use new energy-efficient behaviors not followed in the conventional building. An empirical test comparing four versions of the same training, each with varying amounts and types of information was presented to three different populations: nursing staff of a green building, clinical staff of a green building, and nursing staff of a conventional building. Results show that knowledge of green building standards and the impact of energy saving behaviors are the information necessary to increase willingness to change behaviors. Also, staff members of the new, green building are more willing to change behaviors than staff of the conventional building.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Variation in the Energy-Related Environmental Impacts of LEED Certified Buildings

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Christopher Wedding ◽  
Douglas Crawford-Brown
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Monte Carlo Analysis ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Us ◽  
Using Data

The US Green Building Council's (USGBC) LEED guidelines have become the dominant third-party certification program for “green” buildings in the US. Given that buildings use 37% of all energy and 68% of all electricity while contributing substantially to air emission, waste generation, and water consumption issues in the US, one of LEED's purposes is to address the environmental impacts of energy use in buildings. This research analyzes (1) how well the LEED guidelines measure these impacts and (2) which parameters create the most variation among these impacts. Environmental impacts here refer to emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, mercury, and particulate matter (PM10); solid waste; nuclear waste; and water consumption. Using data from the US Department of Energy, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, the US EPA Energy Star program, and the USGBC, among others, models using Monte Carlo analysis were created to simulate the range of impacts of LEED-certified buildings. Various metrics and statistics were calculated to highlight the significance of variation in these impacts. Future research needs and implications of the results for LEED version 3.0 are also discussed.

Evaluation of Cooling, Heating, and Power (CHP) Systems Based on Building Energy-Rating

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Fumo ◽  
P. J. Mago ◽  
L. M. Chamra
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Star ◽  
Star Rating ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings

Cooling, Heating and Power (CHP) systems are a form of distributed generation that uses internal combustion prime-power engines to generate electricity while recovering heat for other uses. CHP is a promising technology for increasing energy efficiency through the use of distributed electric and thermal energy recovery-delivery systems at or near end-user sites. Although this technology seems to be economically feasible, the evaluation and comparison of CHP systems cannot be restricted to economical considerations only. Standard economic analysis, such as life cycle economic analysis, does not take in consideration all the benefits that can be obtained from this technology. For this reason, several aspects to perform a non-conventional evaluation of CHP systems have to be considered. Among the aspects to be included in a non-conventional evaluation are: power reliability, power quality, environmental quality, energy-efficient buildings, fuel source flexibility, brand and marketing benefits, protection from electric rate hikes, and benefits from promoting energy management practices. Some benefits of these non-economical evaluations can be transferred into an economic evaluation but others give intangible potential to the technology. This paper focus on a non-conventional evaluation based on energy-efficient buildings, which is associated to energy conservation and improvement of the building energy performance rating for government energy programs like Energy Star and Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). Results show that the use of CHP systems could improve the Energy Star Rating in more than 50 points. The Energy Star Rating is significant on the LEED Rating as a building can score up to 10 points of the 23 available in the Energy & Atmosphere category on energy efficiency alone. As much as 8 points can be obtained in this category due to the Energy Star rating increment from the use of CHP systems. Clearly the use of CHP systems will help building owners to reach the benefits from these energy programs while improving the overall energy use and energy cost.

Solar radiation control passive strategy for reduction of heating and cooling energy use in arid climate: Case of Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2110501
Author(s):  
Shambalid Ahady ◽  
Nirendra Dev ◽  
Anubha Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings

Buildings are significant consumers of energy and producer of greenhouse gases worldwide, and serious efforts have been put into designing energy-efficient buildings. Significant technological advances have been achieved in developed countries; however, advances have rarely been adopted in developing countries like Afghanistan. Such trends emerge from the lack of research in designing energy-efficient buildings to local conditions, practices and materials. This research focused on building energy modelling and simulation to evaluate the energy performance impact of different shading and orientation. The research design follows a case study over an actual seven-storey multi-apartment residential building in the city of Mazar-I-Sharif, Afghanistan, using primary field data and dynamic simulation. Findings demonstrated that neighbouring structures have a positive correlation with a cooling demand. Meanwhile, south is the optimal orientation to face the building's glazed façade, saving up to 7.4% of cooling and 9.7% of heating energy. Moreover, movable shading devices installed on the building's openings in the summer season reduce the building energy load up to 19%, with a total energy cost reduction of AFN. 188,448 ($2447.37 US) annually. The study underlines the vast research scope in customizing building designs to Afghanistan's climatic conditions and other developing countries, thus contributing to buildings’ sustainability.

Influence of Thermal Break Element Applied in Balcony Slab on Internal Surface Temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 1057 ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Peter Buday ◽  
Rastislav Ingeli ◽  
Miroslav Čekon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings ◽  
Thermal Bridge ◽  
Advanced Analysis ◽  
Thermal Bridges ◽  
Energy Efficient Building

Reduction of energy use in buildings is an important measure to achieve climate change mitigation. It is essential to minimize heat losses when designing and building energy efficient buildings. For an energy-efficient building in a cold climate, a large part of the space heating demand is caused by transmission losses through the building envelope. To achieve this, it is necessary to have processed a detailed design of buildings. Thermal bridges have to be eliminated in the design of buildings. Thermal bridges occur as point ones or linear. One of the specific details that create thermal leakage is located in balcony slabs. The balcony is one of the main reasons of the increased heat loss of buildings. The presence of thermal bridge in constructions of balcony envelopes influences the energy consumption, durability of the building envelopes, and also the thermal comfort of occupants. This paper is focused on advanced analysis of thermal performance of thermal break element applied in balcony slab with parametric correlation to the thermal properties of wall building envelope.

FM perceptions on occupant impact and the shaping of occupant engagement practice

Facilities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (11/12) ◽  
pp. 762-779
Author(s):  
Cristian Roberto Valle ◽  
Elli Verhulst ◽  
Ida Nilstad Pettersen ◽  
Antje Junghans ◽  
Thomas Berker
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Core Function ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to apply frame analysis to explore the mental models by which building managers interpret the impact of building occupants on energy use and rationalize their approach to occupant engagement. Design/methodology/approach Findings from four energy-efficient buildings (two schools and two office buildings) in Norway are presented. The methodology includes individual semi-structured interviews with both operational and strategic facilities managers Findings Concepts and theoretical perspectives with the potential to shape the building managers’ perceptions include technical knowledge and expertise, management responsibilities, familiarity with occupant routines and understanding of energy-efficient technologies. No significant impact was attributed to the actions of occupants in the areas of comfort, core function and behavior. Significant impact was attributed to their movement and presence. Perceptions of impact were found to influence, yet not determine, the building managers’ choices of practice. Practical implications Factors with the potential to affect the adoption of occupant engagement initiatives were highlighted. This study pointed to the role that automation and centralization can play in influencing facilities managers to rescind from their management responsibilities. Originality/value To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first study to use framings in thoughts to investigate the process by which facilities managers rationalize occupant engagement, in relation to their perception of occupant impact on energy use.

scholarly journals Are LEED-Certified Buildings Energy-Efficient in Practice?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Amiri ◽  
Juudit Ottelin ◽  
Jaana Sorvari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Search Result ◽  
Energy Performance Of Buildings ◽  
Energy Aspects

Depletion of natural resources and climate change are undoubtedly the biggest challenges that humankind faces today. Here, buildings have a crucial role since they consume the majority, i.e., 30% to 40% of the total energy resources. Green building certification is one of the solutions to limit the energy use in buildings. In addition, it is seen to indicate a consideration for sustainability aspects in construction. LEED is the most widely used certificate worldwide. However, recently some critics have raised doubts about LEED and whether it actually implies sustainability. Most of the criticism has been targeted to the energy aspects of LEED. Nevertheless, there is no consensus on the usefulness of LEED: is it really beneficial for the environment, and is it worth of the money and time invested on the certification process? In this study a critical analysis of the literature to find an answer to this question is presented. Altogether 44 peer reviewed articles dealing with the abovementioned issue were selected out of 164 search result. Based on the studied material, the different aspects of LEED from the viewpoint of energy-efficiency are discussed. From the 44 reviewed articles, ten articles state that LEED certificate indicates energy efficiency while eight papers end up with an opposite conclusion. The rest of the papers do not take any stand on this matter. The study showed that energy efficiency of LEED-certified buildings is questionable especially at lower levels, i.e., certified. Therefore, it is recommended to modify the Energy and Atmosphere category of LEED in order to improve the actual energy performance of buildings.

scholarly journals RENCANA PENGELOLAAN GREEN BUILDING DENGAN PENDEKATAN BUILDING ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT (BEM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 2181
Author(s):  
Regina Regina ◽  
Liong Ju Tjung ◽  
Priyendiswara A.B. Priyendiswara
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Environment Management ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Building Environment

The concept of green building is now increasingly being applied in Indonesia, especially DKI Jakarta due to the increasing prevalence of global warming. Adapting to climate change and the increasing number of tall buildings in Indonesia, the GBCI (Green Building Council Indonesia) concluded that the biggest cause of energy use was due to the use of the building sector of around 48%, while the other 27% was in the transportation sector, then 25% in the industrial sector. GBCI applies certification in the form of "Greenship" as an assessment tool for buildings that are rated as Green Buildings. "Greenship" is prepared by GBCI by considering the conditions, nature, rules and standards that apply in Indonesia. The main focus of Green Building is energy efficiency, but what distinguishes "Greenship" from other rating tools are "Greenship" has a BEM category that focuses on managing the waste produced by buildings. The rating tool "Greenship" in Indonesia is quite balanced because in addition to focusing on energy efficiency, "Greenship" also pays attention to the comfort elements of its occupants, namely the Building Environmental Management category (BEM) where the comfort of buildings is one of the factors in the success of green buildings. In order for green building to be managed optimally, the author compiled a study of the criteria for BEM (Building Environment Management), with recommendations for waste and fit-out management in one of Green Building in Jakarta, South Quarter with a BEM achievement of 77%. The author composes the recommended budgetary costs for evaluating waste sorting and training, the author also conducted tenant perceptions surveys with cross tabulation and compare means method with the results that 77% of respondents agreed with the planning of sorting waste and providing training for residents of the building at the Green Building.the result that 77% of respondents agreed with planning waste sorting and providing training to building occupants in the Green Building.AbstrakKonsep bangunan hijau saat ini semakin banyak diimplementasikan di Indonesia khususnya DKI Jakarta karena semakin maraknya pemanasan global. Beradaptasi dengan perubahan iklim dan semakin banyaknya bangunan tinggi di Indonesia, GBCI (Green Building Council Indonesia) menyimpulkan bahwa penyebab terbesar dari penggunaan energi yaitu karena penggunaan pada sektor bangunan sekitar 48%, sedangkan 27% lainnya sektor transportasi, lalu 25% sektor industri. GBCI menerapkan sertifikasi berupa “Greenship” sebagaii alat penilai/penentu untuk sebuah bangunan dinilai sebagai Green Building. “Greenship” dipersiapkan oleh GBCI dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi, karakter alam serta peraturan dan standard yang berlaku di Indonesia. Fokus utama dari Green Building adalah efisiensi energi, namun yang membedakan “Greenship” dengan rating tools lainnya yaitu “Greenship” mempunyai kategori BEM yang berfokus kepada pengelolaan sampah yang dihasilkan oleh gedung. Rating tools berupa “Greenship” di Indonesia cukup seimbang karena selain berfokus pada efisiensi energi, “Greenship” juga memperhatikan unsur kenyamanan penghuninya yaitu dengan adanya kategori Manajemen Lingkungan Bangunan (BEM) dimana kenyamanan penghuni bangunan merupakan salah satu faktor keberhasilan dari green building. Agar suatu green building dapat dikelola secara maksimal, penulis menyusun penelitian pada kriteria BEM (Building Environment Management), dengan rekomendasi untuk pengelolaan sampah dan fit-out di salah satu Green Building di Jakarta yaitu South Quarter dengan pencapaian BEM sebesar 77%. Penulis menyusun biaya anggaran yang disarankan untuk evaluasi pemilahan sampah dan training, penulis juga melakukan survei persepsi tenant dengan metode tabulasi silang dan perbandingan nilai tengah dengan hasil bahwa 77% responden setuju dengan perencanaan pemilahan sampah dan pengadaan training untuk penghuni gedung di Green Building.

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