Characterisation of the Breeding Sites and Insecticide Resistance of Aedes aegypti Population in the City of Bobo-Dioulaso, Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
M. Namountougou ◽  
D.D. Soma ◽  
D.A. Kaboré ◽  
S. N'do ◽  
M. Kientega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
The City ◽  
Aegypti Population

scholarly journals Monitoring Insecticide Susceptibility in Aedes Aegypti Populations from the Two Biggest Cities, Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso, in Burkina Faso: Implication of Metabolic Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Moussa Namountougou ◽  
Dieudonné Diloma Soma ◽  
Mahamoudou Balboné ◽  
Didier Alexandre Kaboré ◽  
Mahamadi Kientega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Metabolic Resistance ◽  
Bobo Dioulasso ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases

In West Africa, Aedes aegypti remains the major vector of dengue virus. Since 2013, dengue fever has been reemerging in Burkina Faso with annual outbreaks, thus becoming a major public health problem. Its control relies on vector control, which is unfortunately facing the problem of insecticide resistance. At the time of this study, although data on phenotypic resistance were available, information related to the metabolic resistance in Aedes populations from Burkina Faso remained very scarce. Here, we assessed the phenotypic and the metabolic resistance of Ae. aegypti populations sampled from the two main urban areas (Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso) of Burkina Faso. Insecticide susceptibility bioassays to chlorpyriphos-methyl 0.4%, bendiocarb 0.1% and deltamethrin 0.05% were performed on natural populations of Ae. aegypti using the WHO protocol. The activity of enzymes involved in the rapid detoxification of insecticides, especially non-specific esterases, oxidases (cytochrome P450) and glutathione-S-transferases, was measured on individual mosquitos. The mortality rates for deltamethrin 0.05% were low and ranged from 20.72% to 89.62% in the Bobo-Dioulasso and Ouagadougou sites, respectively. When bendiocarb 0.1% was tested, the mortality rates ranged from 7.73% to 71.23%. Interestingly, in the two urban areas, mosquitoes were found to be fully susceptible to chlorpyriphos-methyl 0.4%. Elevated activity of non-specific esterases and glutathione-S-transferases was reported, suggesting multiple resistance mechanisms involved in Ae. aegypti populations from Bobo-Dioulasso and Ouagadougou (including cytochrome P450). This update to the insecticide resistance status within Ae. aegypti populations in the two biggest cities is important to better plan dengue vectors control in the country and provides valuable information for improving vector control strategies in Burkina Faso, West Africa.

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance, fitness and susceptibility to Zika infection of an interbred Aedes aegypti population from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlucio Rocha dos Santos ◽  
Cynara de Melo Rodovalho ◽  
Willy Jablonka ◽  
Ademir Jesus Martins ◽  
José Bento Pereira Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Aegypti Population

scholarly journals Restoration of pyrethroid susceptibility in a highly resistant Aedes aegypti population

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 20180022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa K. Grossman ◽  
Valentin Uc-Puc ◽  
Julian Rodriguez ◽  
David J. Cutler ◽  
Levi T. Morran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Disease Vectors ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Insecticide Susceptibility ◽  
Aegypti Population ◽  
Phenotypic Susceptibility

Insecticide resistance has evolved in disease vectors worldwide, creating the urgent need to either develop new control methods or restore insecticide susceptibility to regain use of existing tools. Here we show that phenotypic susceptibility can be restored in a highly resistant field-derived strain of Aedes aegypti in only 10 generations through rearing them in the absence of insecticide.

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti from Tapachula, Mexico: Spatial variation and response to historical insecticide use

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0009746
Author(s):  
Francisco Solis-Santoyo ◽  
Americo D. Rodriguez ◽  
R. Patricia Penilla-Navarro ◽  
Daniel Sanchez ◽  
Alfredo Castillo-Vera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Moderate Resistance ◽  
The City

Background Insecticide use continues as the main strategy to control Aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. In the city of Tapachula, Mexico, mosquito control programs switched from pyrethroids to organophosphates for outdoor spatial spraying in 2013. Additionally, the spraying scheme switched from total coverage to focused control, prioritizing areas with higher entomological-virological risk. Five years after this strategy had been implemented, we evaluated the status and variability of insecticide resistance among Ae. aegypti collected at 26 sites in Tapachula. Methodology/Principal findings We determined the lethal concentrations at 50% of the tested populations (LC50) using a bottle bioassay, and then, we calculated the resistance ratio (RR) relative to the susceptible New Orleans strain. Permethrin and deltamethrin (pyrethroids), chlorpyrifos and malathion (organophosphates), and bendiocarb (carbamate) were tested. The frequencies of the substitutions V1016I and F1534C, which are in the voltage-gated sodium channel and confer knockdown-resistance (kdr) to pyrethroid insecticides, were calculated. Despite 5 years having passed since the removal of pyrethroids from the control programs, Ae. aegypti remained highly resistant to permethrin and deltamethrin (RR > 10-fold). In addition, following 5 years of chlorpyrifos use, mosquitoes at 15 of 26 sites showed moderate resistance to chlorpyrifos (5- to 10-fold), and the mosquitoes from one site were highly resistant. All sites had low resistance to malathion (< 5-fold). Resistance to bendiocarb was low at 19 sites, moderate at five, and high at two. Frequencies of the V1016I ranged from 0.16–0.71, while C1534 approached fixation at 23 sites (0.8–1). Resistance profiles and kdr allele frequencies varied across Tapachula. The variability was not associated with a spatial pattern at the scale of the sampling. Conclusion/Significance Mosquito populations respond to selection pressure at a focal scale in the field. Spatial variation across sites highlights the importance of testing multiple sites within geographical regions.

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance levels and mechanisms in Aedes aegypti populations in and around Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. e0007439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanase Badolo ◽  
Aboubacar Sombié ◽  
Patricia M. Pignatelli ◽  
Aboubakar Sanon ◽  
Félix Yaméogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Burkina Faso

scholarly journals Dispersion of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) in the rural zone of north Paraná State

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Lopes ◽  
Emerson Augusto Castilho Martins ◽  
Osmar de Oliveira ◽  
Valdecir de Oliveira ◽  
Bertolino Pedro de Oliveira Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Collection Site ◽  
Rural Zone ◽  
The City ◽  
Aegypti Population ◽  
Collection Sites

Seventy-two tyres were placed in four transects (Northern, Southern, Eastern and Western), every 5 km, from the Londrina city limits to the rural areas, to verify the dispersion of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus vectors. Mosquito larvae were collected fortnightly from August 1998 to August 1999. Data were organized according to the average number of larvae collected for each species in each collection site. A total of 62,517 mosquito larvae were collected and distributed into the following species: Aedes albopictus (21.71%); Ae. aegypti (5.54%); Ae. terrens (0.53%); Ae. fluviatilis (0.36%); Anopheles argyritarsi (0.01%); Culex quinquefasciatus (48.37%); Cx. mollis (8.88%); Cx. eduardoi (8.65%); Cx. corniger (0.61%); Cx. bigoti (0.24%); Cx. grupo coronator (0.12%); Limatus durhanii (4.61%) e Toxorhynchites sp. (0.32%). There was a drastic decrease in the Ae. aegypti population from the city limits to the rural area (x1= 21.72 ± 4.71; x2=0.00) and an increase in the population of Ae. albopictus (x1 = 15.64 ± 2.73; x2 = 38.37 ± 8.87). Aedes aegypti was not present in the collection sites located 30 km away from the urban area; however, Ae. albopictus was found in all the sites. Although the frequency rate for the Aedes aegypti was low, both species were dispersed in the rural area studied. The redimensioning of these vectors’ control areas is recommended since rural areas can function as reservoirs for these species.

GAMBARAN INDEKS LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI DI BUFFER WILAYAH KERJA BANDARA SEPINGGAN BALIKPAPAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurrakhman abdurrakhman Abdurrakhman
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Transportation Equipment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Larvae Density

ABSTRACT : The House index and Container Index in the buffer area of ​​the working area of ​​Balikpapan Sepinggan Airport is still above 1%, so the potential for the spread of dengue disease. Mobilization of people, goods and transportation equipment will increasingly affect the transmission of disease in ports and airports, especially for vector-borne diseases. This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti and describe the larvae index in the buffer zone of the Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport This study was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. The sample in this study was 121 houses with a proportionate stratified random sampling, the research location was in the buffer zone of Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport in November 2018. The variables studied were houses with positive larvae containers, breeding sites and PSN behavior and larvasidation. The data was analyzed using the chi square test. There was a relationship between houses with larvae positive Aedes aegypti, behavior of Mosquito Nest Eradication (PSN) and larvasidation with larvae density of Aedes aegypti but not for breeding sites (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.64), and   (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.34). The description of several Aedes aegypti larvae index, namely House Index (HI) = 57.02%, Container Index (CI) = 24.36%, Bruteau Index (BI) = 148.76, and Flick Free Numbers (ABJ) = 42.98 %. Houses with larvae of Aedes aegypti larvae and PSN and larvasidation behavior were associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti. The index of HI, CI and BI larvae is of high value so there is a risk of DBD transmission

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance status of malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) of southwest Burkina Faso and residual efficacy of indoor residual spraying with microencapsulated pirimiphos-methyl insecticide

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieudonné Diloma Soma ◽  
Barnabas Zogo ◽  
Domonbabele François de Sales Hien ◽  
Aristide Sawdetuo Hien ◽  
Didier Alexandre Kaboré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Pirimiphos Methyl ◽  
Residual Efficacy

Abstract Background The rapid spread of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors and the rebound in malaria cases observed recently in some endemic areas underscore the urgent need to evaluate and deploy new effective control interventions. A randomized control trial (RCT) was conducted with the aim to investigate the benefit of deploying complementary strategies, including indoor residual spraying (IRS) with pirimiphos-methyl in addition to long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in Diébougou, southwest Burkina Faso. Methods We measured the susceptibility of the Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) population from Diébougou to conventional insecticides. We further monitored the efficacy and residual activity of pirimiphos-methyl on both cement and mud walls using a laboratory susceptible strain (Kisumu) and the local An. gambiae (s.l.) population. Results An. gambiae (s.l.) from Diébougou was resistant to DDT, pyrethroids (deltamethrin, permethrin and alphacypermethrin) and bendiocarb but showed susceptibility to organophosphates (pirimiphos-methyl and chlorpyrimiphos-methyl). A mixed-effect generalized linear model predicted that pirimiphos-methyl applied on cement or mud walls was effective for 210 days against the laboratory susceptible strain and 247 days against the local population. The residual efficacy of pirimiphos-methyl against the local population on walls made of mud was similar to that of cement (OR = 0.792, [0.55–1.12], Tukey’s test p-value = 0.19). Conclusions If data on malaria transmission and malaria cases (as measured trough the RCT) are consistent with data on residual activity of pirimiphos-methyl regardless of the type of wall, one round of IRS with pirimiphos-methyl would have the potential to control malaria in a context of multi-resistant An. gambiae (s.l.) for at least 7 months.

Insecticide Resistance Patterns and Mechanisms in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations Across Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire Reveal Emergent Pyrethroid Resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucien Yao Konan ◽  
Welbeck Achille Oumbouke ◽  
Urbain Garhapié Silué ◽  
Ibrahima Zanakoungo Coulibaly ◽  
Jean-Claude Tokou Ziogba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
The City

Abstract From 2008 to 2017, the city of Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire experienced several Aedes-borne disease epidemics which required control of the vector mosquito population based on the reduction of larval habitats and insecticidal sprays for adult mosquitoes. This study was undertaken to assess the insecticide susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) in the city of Abidjan. Immature Ae. aegypti were sampled from several larval habitats within seven communes of Abidjan and reared to adults. Three to five days old F1 emerged adults were tested for susceptibility using insecticide-impregnated papers and the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO) following WHO bioassay guidelines. The results showed that Ae. aegypti populations from Abidjan were resistant to 0.1% propoxur, and 1% fenitrothion, with mortality rates ranging from 0% to 54.2%. Reduced susceptibility (93.4–97.5% mortality) was observed to 0.05% deltamethrin, 0.75% permethrin, 0.05% lambda-cyhalothrin, 5% malathion, and 0.8% chlorpyrifos-methyl. This reduced susceptibility varied depending on the insecticide and the collection site. The restoration of mortality when the mosquitoes were pre-exposed to the synergist PBO suggests that increased activity of oxidases could be contributing to resistance. Three kdr mutations (V410L, V1016I, and F1534C) were present in populations tested, with low frequencies for the Leu410 (0.28) and Ile1016 (0.32) alleles and high frequencies for the Cys1534 allele (0.96). These findings will be used to inform future arbovirus vector control activities in Abidjan.

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