A study on the relation between the accessories developed for the activity of self-medication and the maintenance of functional capacity of the elderly

Objectives: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis and health outcomes are among the major human social events of the 21st century. The unknown nature of the disease and the fear of contagion have caused emotional reactions, including the self-consumption of drugs in the elderly. Therefore, this study investigated factors affecting the self-consumption of drugs for COVID-19 prevention in the elderly. Methods & Materials: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed on 342 elderly in Sabzevar City, Iran, in 2020. The research units were selected as clusters from 16 health centers. The necessary data were collected by an online self-medication questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS. Results: The Mean±SD age of the study participants was 66.2±5.67 years. The frequency of self-medication to prevent COVID-19 was 190(55.5%); analgesics, vitamins, anti-cold, and antibiotics were the most common drugs used. The major factors associated with self-medication in the COVID-19 pandemic were disease prevention, home quarantine, financial problems, experiencing previous self-medication, and others’ advice. There was a significant relationship between self-medication and education and insurance coverage. No significant relationship was observed between gender, occupation, and marital status, and self-medication. Conclusion: Self-Medication in the COVID-19 epidemic is notable as a crisis threatening the elderly’s health. Controlling and monitoring how the drug is used is among the requirements for protection and health promotion in the elderly.

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Changes and Differentials in the Prevalence of Activity Limitations among Finns Aged 65-74: Comparison of the Mini-Finland Health Examination Survey (1978-80) and the FINRISK-97 Senior Survey (1997)

Finnish Yearbook of Population Research ◽

10.23979/fypr.44969 ◽

2002 ◽

pp. 55-75

Author(s):

Martelin Tuija ◽

Koskinen Seppo ◽

Kattainen Anna ◽

Sainio Päivi ◽

Reunanen Antti

Keyword(s):

Marital Status ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Time Trends ◽

The Elderly ◽

Activity Limitations ◽

Health Examination ◽

The Past ◽

Health Examination Survey ◽

Gender Education ◽

Increasing Trend

This study analyses time trends in the prevalence of activity limitations andconsequent need for help according to gender, education and marital status amongFinns aged 65-74 years. The study is based on the Mini-Finland Health ExaminationStudy carried out in 1978-80 and the FINRISK-97 Senior Survey collected in 1997.During the past 20 years, functional capacity of the elderly at ages 65 to 74 hasimproved markedly. Women, more often than men, have limitations in severalactivities, but the reverse is true in some activities. Persons with higher than basiceducation have less activity limitations than others. Married or cohabiting men reportfewer difficulties in several activities than other men, but among women differencesaccording to marital status are small. A continuation of the observed decline infunctional limitations would significantly attenuate the increasing trend in the burdenof disability that is to be expected because of the ageing of the population.

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Prevalence, knowledge and associated factors on self-medication practice among the community of Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Nepal: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v12i2.4642 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 1108-1118

Author(s):

Birendra Shrivastava ◽

Omi Bajracharya ◽

Rajani Shakya

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Issues ◽

Self Medication ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Poor Knowledge ◽

Medication Practice ◽

Metropolitan City ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Self-medicine has become one of the important components in day-to-day life to treat mild ailments. If not used rationally, it may lead to serious public health issues. The aim of this study is to explore the prevalence, knowledge, and associated risk factors of self-medication practice among the community of the Lalitpur Metropolitan City of Nepal. A cross-sectional community based prospective study was conducted among 1,004 participants of the Lalitpur Metropolitan City using a pretested and validated questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis with an alpha level of 0.05 by using SPSS. The prevalence of self-medication was 45.20%. The three most common ailments for practicing self-medication were fever, headache, and cough/cold. The top reason for self-medication was minor illness. The study indicated that overall knowledge scores were significantly associated with self-medication (P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression showed the elderly are more oriented towards self-medication practice [AOR=5.22 (95%CI: 2.73-9.98)]. The health professional families have a high affinity towards self-medication practice [AOR=2.82 (95%CI: 1.68-4.75)]. Likewise, storing medicine at home [AOR= 7.01 (95%CI: 5.10-9.64)] and poor knowledge of medicine use were [AOR=1.81 (95%CI: 1.14-2.88)] more likely to prefer self-medication. The prevalence of self-medication was high, mostly due to the poor knowledge about appropriate medicine used. Self-medication is unavoidable in many situations; therefore, implementation of action plans to improve awareness about the consequences of self-medication is needed, thus facilitating its responsible use by the community.

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Cardiac Rehabilitation after an Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Impact in Elderly Patients

Cardiology ◽

10.1159/000381824 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 131 (3) ◽

pp. 177-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Patrícia Rodrigues ◽

Mário Santos ◽

Maria João Sousa ◽

Bruno Brochado ◽

Diana Anjo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Heart Rate Recovery ◽

Real Life ◽

The Elderly ◽

Chronotropic Response ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Supervised Exercise ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been shown to decrease mortality and morbidity, improve the control of risk factors and the quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease. However, the elderly are underrepresented in most studies and in real-life CR programs. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of CR after an acute coronary syndrome in the elderly population. Methods: A cutoff of 65 years was used to dichotomize age. Our main focus was on the effects of ambulatory supervised exercise training on several surrogate markers, namely total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, body mass index, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, probrain natriuretic peptide, International Physical Activity Questionnaire score, maximal exercise capacity, chronotropic response index and heart rate recovery. We evaluated those variables at the beginning and at the end of phase II of the CR program (after 3 months) and repeated the treadmill test at 12 months. Results: A total of 548 patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome were enrolled; 37% were 65 years old or older. Both age groups had a statistically significant improvement in all the evaluated parameters. Interestingly, at 12 months both groups maintained the improvement in functional capacity seen immediately after 3 months. Conclusions: The benefits of CR in terms of functional capacity, metabolic profile and other prognostic parameters were significant in both younger and older patients. Therefore, all eligible patients should be referred to CR programs, irrespective of age.

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The Evaluation of the Awareness, Attitude and Practice of the Elderly Toward Self-Medication: A Cross-Sectional Study

Drug Research ◽

10.1055/a-0583-9896 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (08) ◽

pp. 475-480

Author(s):

Mohammad Heidari ◽

Mansureh Borujeni ◽

Mansour Ghafourifard ◽

Rahim Sheikhi

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Average Score ◽

Self Medication ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Age Related ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract Introduction The prevalence of various diseases in the elderly has increased the use of drugs, which is coupled with age-related physiological changes and places the elderly at risk for multiple side effects. The present study aimed to determine awareness, attitudes and practices of elderly towards self-medication. Materials and Methods The sample included 300 participants over 60 years under any of the health centers in urban and rural areas of Abadeh city, who were selected based on stratified random sampling method. In order to collect data, the questionnaire including demographic information, awareness, attitude and performance of the elderly and the checklist of drug intractable consumption. Results Based on the results, 76% of the elderly reported drug consumption. Regarding lifestyle, the average score of the elderly’s awareness for the elderly who lived with and without families were 78.6±14.2 and 69.2±13.6, respectively. In other words, a significant difference was observed between these two groups. In addition, there was a significant between the elderly’s performance score with and without family members about the self-medication (p=0.001). Conclusion Considering the increase in self-medication among the elderly, adherence to prescription criteria for drug among this age group is recommended. Finally, designing and implementing various educational programs in health education center is necessary for the elderly and their families for the purpose of improving awareness and practice.

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF EDUCATION AND FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY IN ACTIVE ELDERLY ADULTS

Journal of Frailty & Aging ◽

10.14283/jfa.2014.16 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

M.-M. DUBUC ◽

S. BARBAT-ARTIGAS ◽

A.D. KARELIS ◽

M. AUBERTIN-LEHEUDRE

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽

The Elderly ◽

Knee Extensors ◽

Elderly Adults ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Sf 36 ◽

The Relationship

Background:Both the level of education and functional capacity seems to be associated with the levelof physical activity in the elderly. However, the relationship between the level of education and functionalcapacity in active elderly adults is poorly understood. Objective:To examine the association between the level ofeducation and the functional capacity profile of active elderly adults. Design:Cross-sectional. Participants:Onehundred and four elderly men and 198 postmenauposal women (mean age: 62.7 ± 7.6 years old) were recruitedamong registered members of the YMCAs of Montreal who practiced at least one hour of structured physicalactivity per week. Participants were then divided in two groups based on their level of education (the cut-offpoint was the high-school diploma). Measurements:Body composition (DXA), muscle strength (knee extensors,handgrip), estimated maximal oxygen consumption (2-km walk test), perceived health (SF-36) and functionalcapacity (timed up and go, alternate step and one-leg stance tests) were measured. The level of education of theparticipants was assessed by questionnaire. Results:Body composition was similar between groups. We observedthat all functional capacity tests as well as the global functional capacity score were significantly higher in themost educated group compared to the least educated group (p<0.05). In addition, the most educated group hadsignificantly higher levels of knee extensors strength, estimated maximal oxygen consumption and perception ofphysical functioning. Conclusions:A higher level of education was associated with a favourable functionalcapacity profile in our cohort of active elderly adults. However, the mechanism(s) which could mediate thisassociation remain(s) unknown.

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Functional capacity and reported morbidities: a comparative analysis in the elderly

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-22562017020.160080 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 398-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

William César Gavasso ◽

Vilma Beltrame

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Daily Living ◽

Family Health ◽

The Elderly ◽

Gastrointestinal System ◽

Elderly Persons ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Percentage Difference

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the influence of chronic morbidities on the functional capacity of elderly persons living in the municipal region of Herval d’ Oeste, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 272 elderly people registered in the Family Health Strategy of the municipality of Herval d’ Oeste, Santa Catarina. A socio-demographic questionnaire, Katz’s Basic Activities of Daily Living Scale and Lawton’s Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IALD) were used as instruments to gather data. The socio-demographical variables were estimated in frequencies and percentages. The associations were analyzed through the chi-square test. Results: Significant statistical associations for dependence were only found in the IADL assessments. Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus were not found to influence the dependence of the elderly. However, a greater number of elderly persons who reported pathologies of the gastrointestinal system were classified as dependent. While the number of morbidities did not influence dependence in IADL, there was a smaller percentage difference between dependent and independent individuals among those with more than three morbidities. Conclusion: No relationship was found between the number of morbidities and the functional and instrumental capacity of the elderly. However, diseases of the gastrointestinal system demonstrated an influence on the dependence of elderly persons of Herval d'Oeste, Santa Catarina.

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Assessment of functional capacity in elderly residents of an outlying area in the hinterland of Bahia/Northeast Brazil

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2010000100009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 39-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Gilson de Vasconcelos Torres ◽

Luciana Araújo dos Reis ◽

Luana Araújo dos Reis

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Daily Living ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Instrumental Activities ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Outlying Area

OBJECTIVE: To assess the functional capacity and to determine the difference between the means of functional capacity (basic and instrumental activities of daily living) and the age groups of elderly residents in an outlying area in the hinterland of Bahia/Northeast of Brazil. METHOD: Analytical study with cross-sectional design and a sample of 150 elderly individuals enrolled in four Health Units in the municipality of Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. The instrument consisted of sociodemographic and health data, the Barthel Index and the Lawton scale. RESULTS: In all, 78.00% of the elderly were classified as dependent in the basic activities and 65.33% in the instrumental activities of daily living. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, we found a statistically significant difference between the means of instrumental activities and the age groups (p=0.011). CONCLUSION: An elevated number of elderly were classified as dependent in terms of functional capacity and increased age is related to greater impairment in the execution of instrumental activities of daily living.

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