Local vs. Expert Perception of Climate Change

2013 ◽  
pp. 44-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Karen Baptiste
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mental Model ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
Local Setting ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
Mental Modeling ◽  
The Way

Local communities are known for having different and in some cases divergent perceptions of reality than experts. Particularly with respect to climate change, there is incongruence in the way that experts, namely scientists, view climate change and its effects and the way that this is perceived by laypersons, particularly those that are most impacted by climate change. But what are those differences and how exactly are these conceptualized? The purpose of this chapter is twofold. First, it examines the differences among three stakeholders (scientists, policy makers, and fishers) in their view of climate change and its impacts, using the case study of the fishing industry in Trinidad and Tobago. These views are mapped using the mental model approach and then compared in order to determine the best way to address climate change within a local setting. There is a clear difference in the way fishers in this study view climate change from the way local scientists view it. There is, however, some overlap between the perspective of the fishers and that of the policy maker. Moving from a position that all perspectives are equally important if there is to be a meaningful response to climate change, this chapter develops a set of procedures for mapping community perceptions of climate change on to those of scientists and policy makers. The second and ultimate objective is to look at the implication that the mental modeling approach has for diffusion, adoption, and technology transfer in response to climate change.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND CSR IN PETROLEUM REFINING COMPANIES IN GREECE: CONTENT AND GLOBAL REPORTING INITIATIVE (GRI) ANALYSIS

2016 ◽  
pp. 1650013
Author(s):  
THEODORE METAXAS ◽  
MARIA TSAVDARIDOU
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Petroleum Refining ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Global Reporting Initiative ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Corporate Social

The environmental policy and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are two notions of high importance for enterprises and nations. Numerous pages have been written about the environmental policy of companies in their CSR reports. Whether it concerns to raise environmental awareness among their employees or local communities or to give in detail their environmental footprint at the end of the story it is about giving proofs of their environmental policy. Climate change is among the topics of CSR reports and is under examination in this paper. A case study analysis will be applied in order to present how climate change is interpreted in the CSR reports of Greek companies from the petroleum refining industry.

Ladakh and the Creative Greening of the Desert: The Life Work of Sonam Wangchuk and Rebecca Norman Through Alternative Practices in Education and Farming

2021 ◽  
pp. 239386172110146
Author(s):  
Susan Visvanathan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Alternative Education ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Cold Desert ◽  
Alternative Practices ◽  
Life Work ◽  
The Way

This article attempts to understand the way in which climate change affects the once dry cold desert of Ladakh and how local communities have adapted to these changes by becoming excellent organic gardeners. The contributions of Sonam Wangchuk and his work with regard to water harvesting and alternative education have been recognised by the Ramon Magsaysay Committee for 2018. This will propel Sonam to complete his life mission, which is the construction of a whole new township in Phey, to relieve Leh of the overload it now experiences. The article provides a background to the work of Sonam and his wife Rebecca Norman in the details of everyday life and work, which they bring to their school, SECMOL.

scholarly journals Challenges and Vulnerabilities on Public Finance Sustainability. A Romanian Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionel Bostan ◽  
Carmen Toderașcu ◽  
Anca Gavriluţă (Vatamanu)
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Scenario Analysis ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Formal Proof ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
The Way

Given the contradiction between the current demands for sustainability and the way that the financial system works, this paper explored in a retrospective and a prospective view, Romanian Public Finance Sustainability, highlighting the major challenges and vulnerabilities. Relating to the retrospective part, we concentrated mainly on empirical tests on Romanian government solvency between the period 1990–2020, by applying un it root and co-integration tests. To gain a better, general understanding of the behavior of policy-makers, in the second part we used a scenario analysis of budgetary adjustment in the short and medium run under alternative hypotheses. The results provided formal proof that policy makers decisions face critical and complex questions, and the way in which they manage fiscal stimuli has a direct implication on the sustainability of the country and on the lax implementation of fiscal policy.

Scaling and Subjectification in an ESD Educational Project

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Mickelsson ◽  
Anna Danielsson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Educational Innovations ◽  
Subject Positions ◽  
Educational Project ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Way

The aim of the article is to investigate, in the light of the emphasis laid on scaling by UNESCO (UNESCO, 2014a), how subjectification of those involved in educational innovations both enables and constricts scaling understood as a learning process. This is carried out through a case study of the Alforja Educativa, an educational project in Ecuador on antibiotic resistance (ABR). The ABR has been described as a sustainability challenge comparable to climate change. The way in which subjectification enables and constricts scaling as a learning process is analysed by drawing on educational scaling research and the article illustrates how the subject positions of those involved in scaling emerge as scaling subjects in transactional relationships, both with the sites where the educational project is to be scaled, and in relation to that, which will be scaled.

scholarly journals Fighting for King Coal’s Crown: Business Actors in the US Coal and Utility Industries

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Downie
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
Obama Administration ◽  
Global Environmental Politics ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Us

Over the last two decades, business actors have received growing attention in global environmental politics. In the context of climate change, scholars have demonstrated the capacity of business actors to directly shape outcomes at the national, international, and transnational levels. However, very little work has focused exclusively on business actors in the coal and utility industries. This is surprising, given that resistance from these industries could delay or even derail government attempts to address climate change. Accordingly, this article focuses directly on the preferences of business actors in the coal and utility industries. Drawing on interviews with executives across the US energy sector, it considers business preferences on two of the most important attempts by the Obama administration to limit emissions from coal: the Waxman-Markey bill and the Clean Power Plan. In doing so, it provides new insights about the preferences of these actors and the divisions within these industries that could be exploited by policy-makers and activists seeking to enact climate change regulations.

scholarly journals A Policies of Inclusion and Exclusion for the Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) interlinked with The Climate Change Adaptation: Case Study of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Israt Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
The Government

 The paper aims to see so far the policies have been recommended and implemented which is interrelated with the lives and livelihoods of the vulnerable communities and, as a result, the well-being and safety of persons, communities and countries as a whole have been affected being persons with disabilities so far both by the non-government organizations and what could be done by the government policy makers. Ten percent of the total population of Bangladesh is known as differently able, often called Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) or disabled people according to the survey of Bangladesh Protibandhi Kallayan Somity (BPKS, 2014). It is worth saying that they are often treated with disregard, and so far they are the vulnerable of the society. Yet their role in homes, places of work and communities is often underplayed. So the paper prepares the studies of policies in terms of how we can integrate and mainstream the excluded differently abled /disabled/PWDs through accessibility in people with disabilities friendly policy making. Disasters, many of which are exacerbated by climate change and are increasing in frequency and intensity, significantly impede progress towards sustainable development. Till now we have achieved both the Hyogo and Sendai Framework based on disaster management do have impressions having the framework to be vocal and to ensure the access of the persons with disabilities in terms disasters, many of which are related with the climate change  and adaptation. The paper recommends that the “Children with Disabilities” must be included in a separate policy based framework and the two most important terms based on vulnerabilities and hazards should be more inclusive towards the specialization of the accessibility of the persons with disabilities where both the non-government organizations and government can work together.

scholarly journals Living with climate change: avoiding conflict through adaptation in Malawi

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2417-2445
Author(s):  
H. Jørstad ◽  
C. Webersik
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Global South ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract. In recent years, research on climate change and human security has received much attention among policy makers and academia alike. Communities in the Global South that rely on an intact resource base will especially be affected by predicted changes in temperature and precipitation. The objective of this article is to better understand under what conditions local communities can adapt to anticipated impacts of climate change and avoid conflict over the loss of resources. The empirical part of the paper answers the question to what extent local communities in the Chilwa Basin in Malawi have experienced climate change and how they are affected by it. Further, it assesses one of Malawi's adaptation projects designed to build resilience to a warmer and more variable climate, and points to some of its limitations. This research shows that not all adaptation strategies are suited to cope with a warmer and more variable climate.

Employing the enhanced Regional Tourism Sustainable Adaptation Framework with a case study of climate change vulnerability in Mombasa, Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Joseph Muiruri Njoroge ◽  
Beate MW Ratter ◽  
Lucy Atieno ◽  
Innocent M Mugabe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Weak Institutions ◽  
Regional Tourism ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
The City ◽  
Adaptation Options

This paper attempts to provide an empirical application of the enhanced Regional Tourism Sustainable Adaptation Framework using a case study of Mombasa Kenya. Climate variability is a challenge to tourism destinations, especially coastal and Island destinations, categories under which Mombasa, our study site falls under. Mombasa has limited capacity to adapt to climate change considering its socio economic conditions and weak institutions, thus making it necessary to explore the possible sustainable pathways for the city using the enhanced Regional Tourism Sustainable Adaptation Framework. Earlier frameworks for tourism adaptation to climate change lacked focus on regional dynamics as well as sustainability aspects, and their implementation pose the risk of mal adaptation to some extent. Using secondary data and data from interviews with tourism stakeholders in Mombasa, the enhanced Regional Tourism Sustainable Adaptation Framework guides our assessment of vulnerability and resilience of the destination, as well as identification of region specific adaptation options for the city within the context of sustainable practice. Based on climate change perceived impacts, risks and vulnerability various adaptation options are presented and discussed as provided in literature. The usefulness of the framework in guiding regional tourism destination managers and policy makers in their pursuit for a regional adaptation options within the tourism sector in order to reduce destinations vulnerability, increase resilience and take advantage of opportunities presented by climate change is underscored.

Environmental Policy and CSR in Petroleum Refining Companies in Greece: Content and Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 1750012
Author(s):  
Theodore Metaxas ◽  
Maria Tsavdaridou
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Petroleum Refining ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Global Reporting Initiative ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Corporate Social

The environmental policy and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are two notions of high importance for enterprises and nations. Numerous pages have been written about the environmental policy of companies in their CSR reports. Whether it concerns to raise environmental awareness among their employees or local communities or to give in detail their environmental footprint at the end of the story, it is about giving proofs of their environmental policy. Climate change is among the topics of CSR reports and is under examination in this paper. A case study analysis will be applied in order to present how climate change is interpreted in the CSR reports of Greek companies from the petroleum refining industry.

scholarly journals Rural Community’s Livelihood Security and Perception of Climate Variability and Change to Better Address Climate Change Adaptation -Case Study in East Central Madagascar

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 634-648
Author(s):  
Bam H.R. TIANA
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Climate Variability And Change ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
East Central ◽  
Livelihood Security

Madagascar is exposed to a variety of natural hazards, including seasonal cyclones, floods and droughts that have severe impacts on the national economy, mainly dependent on agriculture. Due to these problems, the security of livelihoods is threatened and although Madagascar people had the historic ability to cope with these threats, it is of prime importance to consider climate change adaptation in a more holistic manner in the face of climate change and variability. However, for adaptation to be appropriately enacted there is a need to understand how local context and conditions are. For that, this study aims to understand livelihood security as well as rural community’s perception to climate variability and change and their impacts in order to better address climate change adaptation. The first step is to understand how local livelihoods are characterized, what local conditions are, and how they are related to occurring changes and impacts through a case study in Alaotra Region in East Central Madagascar. An analysis of livelihood resources (human, natural, social, physical and financial capital), livelihood strategies and outcomes was coupled with an investigation of communities’ perception on the climate variability and impacts on their lives and livelihoods. Findings showed that livelihoods of local communities, living mainly from agriculture and fisheries, are threatened by a degrading environment and related impacts, exacerbated by a changing climate. Households are facing climate extremes which directly affect their livelihoods, already characterized by limited assets and entitlements. Outputs from this study are believed to further contribute to understand the factors that need to be considered to better address adaptation strategies based on the current vulnerability and climate variability, both at present time and in the future.

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