Economic Growth, Technical Progress and Labor Productivity

2013 ◽  
pp. 208-220
Author(s):  
Alain Herscovici
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Technical Progress ◽  
Intangible Capital ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Domestic Industry ◽  
Unbalanced Growth ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Economic Nature ◽  
Productivity Gains ◽  
The Relationship

The debate on deindustrialization assumes that domestic industry is a leading sector and produces positive externalities for the whole economy. This paper will partially refute this. Since the early 1990’s, most developed and emerging economies have been subjected to two paradoxes: the paradox of Solow, which calls into question the relationship between ICT investment and productivity gains, and the paradox of Gordon, showing that productivity gains in the ICT sector do not propagate to all other sectors. These paradoxes lead one to question the linear nature of the kaldorian cumulative mechanisms. Following both a theoretical and an empirical approach, such relationships are analyzed from the viewpoint of the various models of unbalanced growth built by Baumol. The author will highlight the limits of such models and provide elements for an alternative explanation. Ultimately, the real problem is to investigate the economic nature and the role that services and forms of intangible capital play in the new dynamic of growth.

Economic Growth, Technical Progress and Labor Productivity

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Alain Herscovici
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Intangible Capital ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Domestic Industry ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Economic Nature ◽  
Productivity Gains ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Linear Nature

The debate on deindustrialization assumes that domestic industry is a leading sector and produces positive externalities for the whole economy. This paper will partially refute this. Since the early 1990’s, most developed and emerging economies have been subjected to two paradoxes: the paradox of Solow, which calls into question the relationship between ICT investment and productivity gains, and the paradox of Gordon, showing that productivity gains in the ICT sector do not propagate to all other sectors. These paradoxes lead one to question the linear nature of the kaldorian cumulative mechanisms. Following both a theoretical and an empirical approach, such relationships are analyzed from the viewpoint of the various models of unbalanced growth built by Baumol. The author will highlight the limits of such models and provide elements for an alternative explanation. Ultimately, the real problem is to investigate the economic nature and the role that services and forms of intangible capital play in the new dynamic of growth.

scholarly journals Exports, Productivity and Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurangzeb Aurangzeb
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Export Sector ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates the relationship between exports and economic growth in Pakistan by utilizing the analytical framework put forward by Feder (1983). The hypothesis that marginal factor productivities are not equal in export and non-export sectors of the Pakistan economy is tested by using time series from 1973 to 2005. The estimation results indicate that marginal factor productivities are significantly higher in the export sector. Moreover, the difference seems to derive, in part, from inter-sectoral positive externalities generated by the export sector. In broad terms, therefore, the results of this study are supportive of the export oriented, outward-looking approach to trade relations adopted by policymakers over the past decade.

From Linear to Circular Tourism

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-139
Author(s):  
Sebastiano Patti ◽  
Antonino Messina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Recreation Ecology ◽  
Wilderness Management ◽  
Environmental Challenges ◽  
Adventure Tourism ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
The Relationship

There are several relevant studies concerning tourism and environment, some of them studying ecotourism, recreation ecology, adventure tourism, and parks and wilderness management. Many publications on sustainable and responsible tourism described the relationship between environmental and economic growth and considered it important to have to consider them in an integrated approach. Usually, the research highlighted the negative impact of tourism on the environment. However, tourism and environment can be complementary to each other, and sustainable management of tourism may produce positive externalities on the environment. This chapter focuses on the environmental challenges of tourism throughout the passage from linear to circular tourism.

Productivity and Economic Development

2018 ◽  
pp. 752-780
Author(s):  
Hak K. Pyo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Intangible Capital ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Country Specific ◽  
Productivity Enhancement

This chapter provides both theoretical and empirical reviews on productivity and economic development. Its starting point is the surveys on literature that stress the importance of productivity enhancement to fill the so-called twin gaps of development. The first part of the chapter reviews the concept papers of productivity, such as labor productivity and total factor productivity, and the measurement issues in productivity and growth accounting. The second part of the chapter reviews theoretical models on the relationship between productivity and economic growth and development. The third part of the chapter reviews empirical studies on productivity-development linkage and recent country-specific case studies on how productivity enhancement has contributed to economic growth and income distribution. The roles of human capital, institutions, intangible capital, and natural capital are emphasized in enhancing productivity in many underdeveloped and developing countries.

scholarly journals Openness and Economic Growth in Pakistan

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (4II) ◽  
pp. 795-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musleh-ud Din ◽  
Ejaz Ghani ◽  
Omer Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
International Diffusion ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Liberal Trade ◽  
Productivity Gains ◽  
The Relationship

Trade and growth theories generally predict a positive relationship between openness to international trade and economic growth. There are a number of channels through which openness is thought to influence economic growth. First, a liberal trade regime enhances efficiency through greater competition and improved resource allocation. Second, greater access to world markets allows economies to overcome size limitations and benefit from economies of scale. Third, imports of capital and intermediate goods can contribute to the growth process by enlarging the productive capacity of the economy. Fourth, trade can lead to productivity gains through international diffusion and adoption of new technologies. Empirical studies on the relationship between openness and economic growth have largely supported the view that openness has a favourable impact on economic growth. It is not surprising, then, that the proposition that more open economies tend to grow faster has gained wide acceptance in academic as well as policy circles. The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between openness and economic growth in the context of Pakistan’s economy. Section 2 reviews the literature on openness and economic growth. Section 3 provides an overview of trade liberalisation in Pakistan. Data and methodology are described in Section 4, while Section 5 presents the empirical results. Section 6 concludes the discussion.

Kazakhstan’s Economic Growth in the Context of the World Economy

2006 ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Arystanbekov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Crude Petroleum ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Kazakhstan’s economic policy results in 1995-2005 are considered in the article. In particular, the analysis of the relationship between economic growth and some indicators of nation states - population, territory, direct access to the World Ocean, and extraction of crude petroleum - is presented. Basic problems in the sphere of economic policy in Kazakhstan are formulated.

PENGARUH PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO, INFLASI DAN RASIO GINI TERHADAP PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Mahendra Putra Wirawan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Economic Region ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Relationship

Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) which provides a comprehensive picture of the economic conditions of a region is indicator for analyzing economic region development. Another indicator that is no less important is inflation as an indicator to see the level of changes in price increases due to an increase in the money supply that causes rising prices. The success of development must also look at the income inequality of its population which is illustrated by this ratio. One of the main regional development goals is to improve the welfare of its people, where to see the level of community welfare, among others, can be seen from the level of unemployment in an area. To that end, in order to get an overview of the effects of GRDP, inflation and the ratio of gini to unemployment in DKI Jakarta for the last ten years (2007-2016), an analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression methods. As a result, together the relationship between GRDP, inflation and the Gini ratio is categorized as "very strong" with a score of 0.936, and has a significant influence on unemployment. Partially, the GRDP gives a significant influence, but inflation and gini ratio do not have a significant influence. GDP, inflation and the Gini ratio together for the last ten years have contributed 81.4% to unemployment in DKI Jakarta, while the remaining 18.6% is influenced by other variables not included in this research model, so for reduce unemployment in DKI Jakarta, programs that are oriented to economic growth, suppressing inflation and decreasing this ratio need to be carried out simultaneously. Keywords: GRDP, inflation, unemployment, DKI Jakarta, GINI ratio  

INNOVATION CAPABILITY, ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY AND SMES PERFORMANCE IN PAKISTAN: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF BUSINESS STRATEGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zulqarnain Arshad ◽  
Darwina Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
And Performance ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crucial Part

The small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial part in county’s economic growth and a key contributor in country’s GDP. In Pakistan SMEs hold about 90 percent of the total businesses. The performance of SMEs depends upon many factors. The main aim for the research is to examine the relationship between Innovation Capability, Absorptive Capacity and Performance of SMEs in Pakistan. This conceptual paper also extends to the vague revelation on Business Strategy in which act as a moderator between Innovation Capability, Absorptive Capacity and SMEs Performance. Conclusively, this study proposes a new research directions and hypotheses development to examine the relationship among the variables in Pakistan’s SMEs context.

Belt and Road Initiative: Analysis of Possible Effects on Nigeria’s Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 20475-20182
Author(s):  
Ige Ayokunle O ◽  
Akingbesote A.O
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Economic ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
International Economic Cooperation ◽  
R Project ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Belt And Road

The Belt and Road initiative is an important attempt by China to sustain its economic growth, by exploring new forms of international economic cooperation with new partners. Even though the B&R project is not the first attempt at international cooperation, it is considered as the best as it is open in nature and does not exclude interested countries. This review raised and answered three questions of how the B&R project will affect Nigeria’s economy?  How will it affect the relationship between Nigeria and China? What could go wrong?, The review concluded that Nigeria can only benefit positively from the project.

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