Mapping Human Enhancement Rhetoric

2014 ◽  
pp. 30-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Thayer
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Enhancement Technology ◽  
Complex Mapping ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Technology Users ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Enhancement Technologies

This chapter raises ethical questions about the relationship between HET and the discourse of human enhancement technologies. Specifically, it explores some problems in mapping human enhancement rhetoric. In the first section, human enhancement rhetoric is defined. Questions are raised about the rhetorical act of re-defining “human enhancement” as a problem of self-descriptive narrative and performance measurement. In section two, various approaches and terms for mapping are presented as a way of underscoring the slippery qualities of human enhancement as a dynamic, expanding discourse. Section three explains the changing ethical positions for enhancement technology users through the concepts of “over claim,” “reacting to technology,” and “ethos.” In section four, boundary changes for HET users are discussed as a complex mapping of shifting concepts, discourse, and communities. In conclusion, the transition from human enhancement to transhuman enhancement is emphasized with suggestions for future research.

Mapping Human Enhancement Rhetoric

2019 ◽  
pp. 1822-1845
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Thayer
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Enhancement Technology ◽  
Complex Mapping ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Technology Users ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Enhancement Technologies

This chapter raises ethical questions about the relationship between HET and the discourse of human enhancement technologies. Specifically, it explores some problems in mapping human enhancement rhetoric. In the first section, human enhancement rhetoric is defined. Questions are raised about the rhetorical act of re-defining “human enhancement” as a problem of self-descriptive narrative and performance measurement. In section two, various approaches and terms for mapping are presented as a way of underscoring the slippery qualities of human enhancement as a dynamic, expanding discourse. Section three explains the changing ethical positions for enhancement technology users through the concepts of “over claim,” “reacting to technology,” and “ethos.” In section four, boundary changes for HET users are discussed as a complex mapping of shifting concepts, discourse, and communities. In conclusion, the transition from human enhancement to transhuman enhancement is emphasized with suggestions for future research.

Rancangan Sistem Pengukuran Kinerja Berbasis Human Resource Scorecard Pada Universitas Muhammadiyah Luwuk

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Nurhaeda Abbas ◽  
Anggraini Sukmawati ◽  
Muhammad Syamsun
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Performance Measurement System ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
The Relationship

Today the performance measurement of Muhammadiyah Luwuk uUniversity’s performance has not formulated yet based on University’s vision and mission. It will affect the strategic steps needed and performance improvement efforts in the future.  Human resource scorecard is the right system to be applied in Muhammadiyah Luwuk University. The purpose of this study is to designed a performance measurement system at Muhammadiyah Luwuk University using the Human Resource Scorecard with four perspectives: stakeholder, academic management and kemuhammadiyaan, operational and innovation, as well as and learning. Data was analyzed by analytical hierarchy process method. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires, focus group discussions and in-depth interview with stakeholders at Muhammadiyah Luwuk University. The results showed that there were 14 strategic objectives and 33 key performance indicators to be achieved by the priority objectives, which are: empowerment and development of faculty, increased administrative process quality, improved sound budget performance and, improvement of the relationship with stakeholders.

The Contingent Effect of Team Composition on the Performance of Entrepreneurial Teams

2019 ◽  
pp. 654-680
Author(s):  
Serghei Musaji ◽  
Julio De Castro
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Team Composition ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Team Diversity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Teams ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Active Debate ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the continuous interest in studying entrepreneurial teams, the relationship between team composition and, particularly, team diversity and performance remains fertile ground for active debate. Taking roots in the knowledge-based view and organizational learning literatures, this chapter argues that performance in entrepreneurial teams is contingent on (a) the overlap between team members’ knowledge/competences and the content of the performed tasks, (b) the duplication of the team members’ knowledge in the areas with that content, (c) the nature of tasks (exploration or exploitation), (d) the team’s flexibility to adapt to changes in the content and nature of those tasks, and (e) the rate of environmental change. Because an important source of ambiguity in the understanding of how team diversity and performance are linked ties to issues of how team diversity is conceptualized and operationalized, the chapter also proposes a new way of looking at diversity in future research.

scholarly journals Investigating Variation Orders Causes in Iraqi Building Construction Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Hassan Kamal Alhilli ◽  
Sedki I. Rezoqi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Fuzzy Cognitive Map ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Change Orders ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Comprehensive Reference

Changes are a common phenomenon in the construction industry, impacting the project's cost, time, and performance. The purpose of this work is to a comprehensive review relating to variation order causes. Also, the aim here is to determine variation order causes in the building’s construction. More importantly, explore the relationship between these causes. However, the importance of specifying the causes for change orders is the first step in managing variation orders to reduce the harmful effect on a project. The field survey was conducted for several institutions such as health (Karkh’s health), higher education (University of Baghdad and University of Kufa). As a result, a field visit was made to the project sites. They were then, Conducting interviews with the resident engineer, the consultant, and the contractor. A developer tool called cause (variation orders) breakdown structure (CBS) included 12 causes at the first level, including 103 sub-causes. There is a relationship between the variation orders causes, which is evident in the third level. The study recommends adopting (CBS) a comprehensive reference for variation order causes in projects due to facilitating their management processes. Future research could examine the relative importance of variation order causes, in addition to using a fuzzy cognitive map to find the extent of each cause’s influence on the other.

scholarly journals The effect of subordinate motivation on performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-574
Author(s):  
Euijin Kang ◽  
EunKyoung Chung ◽  
YoungWoo Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Attribution Style ◽  
Personal Need For Structure ◽  
Emotional Display ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to examine whether subordinate attribution style on leader emotional (positive and negative) display moderates the relationship between subordinate achievement motivation/personal need for structure(PNS) and performance. 75 employees in the sales department of a pharmaceutical company participated in the survey. Results showed that subordinates using person-attribution style on leader negative emotional display performed better than those using performance-attribution style, though they had the same high level of explicit achievement motivation and PNS. That is, the moderating role of subordinate attributional style on leader negative emotional display was verified. On the contrary, subordinate attributional style on leader positive emotional display did not moderate the relationship between subordinate explicit achievement motivation/PNS and performance. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and future research are discussed.

Big data and performance measurement research: trends, evolution and future opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Sardi ◽  
Enrico Sorano ◽  
Valter Cantino ◽  
Patrizia Garengo
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Performance Measurement System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Number Of Publications

Purpose Current literature recognised big data as a digital revolution affecting all organisational processes. To obtain a competitive advantage from the use of big data, an efficient integration in a performance measurement system (PMS) is needed, but it is still a “great challenge” in performance measurement research. This paper aims to review the big data and performance measurement studies to identify the publications’ trends and future research opportunities. Design/methodology/approach The authors reviewed 873 documents on big data and performance carrying out an extensive bibliometric analysis using two main techniques, i.e. performance analysis and science mapping. Findings Results point to a significant increase in the number of publications on big data and performance, highlighting a shortage of studies on business, management and accounting areas, and on how big data can improve performance measurement. Future research opportunities are identified. They regard the development of further research to explain how performance measurement field can effectively integrate big data into a PMS and describe the main themes related to big data in performance measurement literature. Originality/value This paper gives a holistic view of big data and performance measurement research through the inclusion of numerous contributions on different research streams. It also encourages further study for developing concrete tools.

scholarly journals Manifestations of muscle fatigue in baseball pitchers: a systematic review

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Birfer ◽  
Michael WL Sonne ◽  
Michael WR Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Peripheral Fatigue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Rest Time ◽  
Baseball Pitchers ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Conference Papers ◽  
The Relationship

Background Fatigue in baseball pitchers is a process linked to lowered physical and mental performance, injury, and changes in kinematics. Numerous studies have associated fatigue with overuse, high ball velocities, lack of rest time, poor mechanics, and degree of self-satisfaction. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to identify a theoretical framework for the relationship between outcomes and the manifestation of fatigue on baseball pitching. The synthesized data may identify areas requiring further research. Methodology This protocol was registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42018114194). SPORTDiscus, Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Google Scholar were searched, using keywords such as fatigue in pitchers and changes in kinematics (e.g., pitching mechanics, valgus elbow torque), performance (e.g., pitch count, pitch type), and injury (e.g., pain, elbow, and shoulder soreness). Three reviewers independently screened the articles, selected relevant literature based on abstract eligibility, and assessed the methods described therein for final inclusion. Results A total of 31,860 articles were screened for eligibility and 25 articles were included for the review. The selected articles included epidemiological, longitudinal, experimental, conference papers, and crossover laboratory studies. Evidence extracted from the 25 studies demonstrates a relationship between fatigue in baseball pitching, and three overarching outcomes: changes in kinematics, a decrease in performance, and an increase in injury risk. Conclusions Findings show that a co-dependence between changes in kinematics and a decrease in performance, which stems from central and peripheral fatigue, is a contributing factor of injury in baseball pitchers. A large percentage of baseball pitchers exhibit pain or soreness in either their elbow or shoulder, or both at some point in a season. Initially, kinematic changes occur that could maintain performance, but may increase joint and tissue loading. Performance decreased with elevated pitch counts and innings thrown, and pitching further into games or the season. Evidence was found to be consistent across all studies; however, more work is needed in the area of fatigue as an injury mechanism during pitching. With a proof of concept established, the prevention of negative outcomes associated with fatigue must be the focus of future research and performance should not be the only criteria.

The impact of service innovation on firm performance: a meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changli Feng ◽  
Ruize Ma ◽  
Lin Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Quantitative Review ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeWith the rise of service economy, many companies are attempting to gain a competitive advantage through service innovation. However, the existing research has not drawn consistent conclusions about the relationship between service innovation and firm performance. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative review on the service innovation-performance relationship based on research findings reported in the extant literature.Design/methodology/approachStudies from 46 peer-reviewed articles were sampled and analyzed. A meta-analytic approach was adopted to conduct a quantitative review on the relationship between service innovation and firm performance, and the effects of any potential moderators were further explored.FindingsThe results found that service innovation has a significant positive impact on firm performance. Additionally, the relationship between service innovation and firm performance is influenced by measurement moderators (economic region and performance measurement), and contextual moderators (firm type, innovation type, customer factors and attitudes toward risk).Originality/valueThe meta-analysis has been used to explore the relationship between service innovation and firm performance, and the findings have contributed to the literature on service innovation, as well as providing future research directions.

scholarly journals Interplay between performance measurement and management, employee engagement and performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1207-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Smith ◽  
Umit Sezer Bititci
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Performance Measurement System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Measurement Systems ◽  
And Performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to recognise the importance of the interplay between performance measurement, performance management, employee engagement and performance. However, the nature of this phenomenon is not well understood. Analysis of the literature reveals two dimensions of organisational control, technical and social, that are used to develop a conceptual framework for studying this phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted explorative action research involving pilot and control groups from two departments of a UK bank. Findings The authors show that an intervention on the social controls has led to changes in technical controls of the performance measurement system resulting in significant improvement in employee engagement and performance. Research limitations/implications The research was undertaken with two cases from a single organisation. Further fine-grained, longitudinal research is required to fully understand this phenomenon in a wider range of contexts. Practical implications The paper contributes to the theory on performance measures and gives guidance on how organisations might design their performance measurement systems to enhance employee engagement and performance. Originality/value The study makes three contributions. First, the authors introduce a new theoretical framework based the organisational control theory providing a basis for future research. Second, through nine propositions, the authors establish a causal relationship between performance measurement, performance management, employee engagement and performance. Third, the authors identify a gap in knowledge concerning the design of organisational controls in the context of the process that is being managed.

Strategy, Choice of Performance Measures, and Performance

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim A. Van der Stede ◽  
Chee W. Chow ◽  
Thomas W. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Manufacturing Strategy ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Nonfinancial Measures ◽  
Performance Measurement Systems ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Extensive Performance

We examine the relationship between quality-based manufacturing strategy and the use of different types of performance measures, as well as their separate and joint effects on performance. A key part of our investigation is the distinction between financial and both objective and subjective nonfinancial measures. Our results support the view that performance measurement diversity benefits performance as we find that, regardless of strategy, firms with more extensive performance measurement systems—especially those that include objective and subjective nonfinancial measures—have higher performance. But our findings also partly support the view that the strategy-measurement “fit” affects performance. We find that firms that emphasize quality in manufacturing use more of both objective and subjective nonfinancial measures. However, there is only a positive effect on performance from pairing a qualitybased manufacturing strategy with extensive use of subjective measures, but not with objective nonfinancial measures.

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