E-Government Adoption and Implementation in Oman

2015 ◽  
pp. 263-287
Author(s):  
Qasim Al-Mamari ◽  
Brian Corbitt ◽  
Victor Gekara
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
High Failure Rate ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Government Initiative ◽  
Expected Outcomes

This chapter reports a description and analysis of the factors that influenced the process of adoption and implementation of the e-Government initiative in Oman over the period 2000 – 2013. This research provides an explanation of why government organisations in Oman developed and then adopted e-Government projects, and how that affected their success as an example of what might also be the case in many developing countries. Using the concept of institutional decoupling, this research presents a framework that offers a new understanding of the observed high failure rate of e-Government implementation in many developing countries. In terms of practical contributions, this research concludes important lessons with regard to synchronising motivating factors with institutional, technological and organisational prerequisites, and expected outcomes.

E-Government Adoption and Implementation in Oman

2015 ◽  
pp. 1032-1055
Author(s):  
Qasim Al-Mamari ◽  
Brian Corbitt ◽  
Victor Gekara
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
High Failure Rate ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Government Initiative ◽  
Expected Outcomes

This chapter reports a description and analysis of the factors that influenced the process of adoption and implementation of the e-Government initiative in Oman over the period 2000 – 2013. This research provides an explanation of why government organisations in Oman developed and then adopted e-Government projects, and how that affected their success as an example of what might also be the case in many developing countries. Using the concept of institutional decoupling, this research presents a framework that offers a new understanding of the observed high failure rate of e-Government implementation in many developing countries. In terms of practical contributions, this research concludes important lessons with regard to synchronising motivating factors with institutional, technological and organisational prerequisites, and expected outcomes.

High failure rate of cementless threaded acetabular cups:A radiographic and histologic study in the goat

1996 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon D Bruijn ◽  
Jan L Seelen ◽  
Roel W Veldhuizen ◽  
Rob M Feenstra ◽  
Frans P Bernoski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
High Failure Rate ◽  
Histologic Study

INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOUR OF INDIAN MICRO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (07) ◽  
pp. 1750061 ◽  
Author(s):  
NOMITA SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
High Failure Rate ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Skilled Manpower ◽  
Innovative Behaviour ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The aim of this paper is to explore innovative behaviour of Indian Micro Small and Medium Enterprises. It is interesting to study innovative behaviour of microsmau and medium enterprises (MSMEs) since they try to innovate while surrounded by many barriers. They also face high failure rate in doing so. This failure is due to presence of barriers that MSMEs fail to manage. But it has been observed that many MSMEs are now awakening to their potential and becoming innovative. They tend to respond to environmental factors in an innovative way, either by cutting cost or changing ways of management. This innovative way defines their innovative behaviour. The innovative behaviour of MSMEs is studied through three variables, i.e., size, age and barriers faced by them. The result shows that size does influence innovation activities undertaken by MSMEs and statistically, there is no correlation between age and innovative behaviour. Their innovative behaviour is affected by barriers like shortage of technical skilled manpower, technology and shortage of funds or complex funding procedure. The paper is concluded by summarising the key findings, discussing implications, limitations and further scope of study.

scholarly journals The influence of dissection on clinical anatomical knowledge for surgical needs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Feigl ◽  
Andreas Sammer
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Visceral Surgery ◽  
High Failure Rate ◽  
Anatomical Knowledge ◽  
High Good ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Head Neck ◽  
Dissection Course

Abstract Purpose Due to the ongoing discussion of the usefulness of dissection on human bodies in medical curricula, we investigated the influence of anatomical knowledge collected in the dissection course and requested for modules of visceral surgery. Methods Students attending the dissection course of topographic anatomy had to answer a questionnaire of 22 questions with focus on anatomical knowledge required for visceral surgical modules. Failure was defined as 13 or fewer correct answers, success categorized as high, good or moderate. The same questionnaire was handed out to 245 students prior to the module on visceral surgery. Students provided information on which regions they had dissected during the course or prior to the module. The results were compared to the result of a written Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) exam of the module visceral surgery (n = 160 students) with an unannounced primary focus on anatomy. Results Students who dissected the truncal regions of the human body succeeded in answering the questionnaire with high success. Students dissecting regions of the Head/Neck or Limbs had a high failure rate, and none of them reached the “high” success level. In the MCQ exam, students dissecting truncal regions had a high success rate, while those who had not dissected or who dissected the Head/Neck or Limbs had a high failure rate. Conclusion Dissections support and improve the required knowledge for surgical modules. For the visceral surgical module, students dissecting the region prior to the module greatly benefited. Therefore, entire human body dissection assumes to be preferable.

scholarly journals Abnormally high failure rate for femoral angioplasty in patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Ammi ◽  
Guido Kranenburg ◽  
Loukman Omarjee ◽  
Ludovic Martin ◽  
Wilko Spiering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum ◽  
High Failure Rate

Investigating the Success of OSS Software Projects

2015 ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Ghapanchi
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
High Failure Rate ◽  
Software Projects ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Insight Into

Whereas there are several instances of Open Source Software (OSS) projects that have achieved huge success in the market, a high failure rate has been reported for OSS projects. This study conducts a literature survey to gain insight into existing studies on the success of OSS projects. More specifically, this study seeks to extract the critical success factors for OSS projects. Based on the literature survey in this study, the authors found determinants of success in OSS projects and classified them into three broad categories of project traits, product traits, and network structure. These findings have important implications for both the OSS research community and OSS practitioners.

Optimal Policy for Biopharmaceutical Drugs Innovation and Access in India

2011 ◽  
pp. 74-114
Author(s):  
Rakhi Rashmi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Optimal Policy ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Trips Agreement ◽  
Public Access ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
The People ◽  
The Right ◽  
Government Initiative

In theory, patents work by providing the inventor an incentive to invent in the first place and then to disclose. Disclosure to the public is rewarded by giving the inventor a monopoly. As product patent and higher patent protection has been advocated by Art 27.1 of the TRIPs agreement on the basis that for greater innovation through transfer of technology is a necessity in developing countries like India as it provides capital to fund expensive innovations, who are otherwise not be able to fund expensive innovations on its own. On the other hand, at the same time drugs are also related with the health of the people and to take care of the health of the people is the utmost priority of any Government and there are issues like accessibility with regard to strong patent protection to biopharma products and data exclusivity. Also as per Art 7 of the TRIPs transfer of technology has to occur to the developing countries in order to promote technological innovations, which is conducive to social and economic welfare. Therefore, striking the right balance between incentive and public access creates a tension is essential. This study suggests optimal policy (Patent and other regulations) to have a balance between biopharma drugs innovation and their access in India while complying with the provisions of the TRIPs agreement by broadly categorising variables such as (1) patent policy such as the scope of biotech patents and the extent of the right in terms of breadth and length; and (2) regulatory environment such as the taxation incentive, Investment policy, Government initiative for the development of this sector etc.

R&D Internationalization as Mechanism of Innovation in Global Enterprises

2012 ◽  
pp. 619-638
Author(s):  
Simone Vasconcelos Ribeiro Galina
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
Do So

Internationalization of Research and Development (R&D) allows transnational companies (TNC) to access different and important resources overseas, which may lead to the improvement of their technological innovation. The literature in this field has been mostly created from studies of TNCs coming from developed countries. This chapter presents some of the main topics the literature addresses on R&D internationalization, then it will explore and verify how companies in developing countries internationalize their R&D activities. In order to do so, a bibliographic review about strategies of internationalization of TNC operations, as well as motivating factors and management of R&D internationalization have been conducted. The chapter finishes by presenting a case study about international R&D conducted in a Brazilian TNC. The results enabled to evidence that, like developed countries TNCs, developing countries’ companies also seem to perform internationalization of R&D activities with very similar characteristics.

scholarly journals Improving access to new diagnostics through harmonised regulation: priorities for action

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth McNerney ◽  
Kimberly Sollis ◽  
Rosanna W. Peeling
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Regulatory Oversight ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Post Market ◽  
Timely Access

A new generation of diagnostic tests is being developed for use at the point of care that could save lives and reduce the spread of infectious diseases through early detection and treatment. It is important that patients in developing countries have access to these products at affordable prices and without delay. Regulation of medical products is intended to ensure safety and quality whilst balancing the need for timely access to beneficial new products. Current regulatory oversight of diagnostic tests in developing countries is highly variable and weak regulation allows poor-quality tests to enter the market. However, inefficient orover zealous regulation results in unnecessary delays, increases costs and acts as a barrier to innovation and market entry. Setting international standards and streamlining the regulatory process could reduce these barriers. Four priority activities have been identified where convergence of standards and protocols or joint review of data would be advantageous: (1) adoption of a common registration file for pre-market approval; (2) convergence of quality standards for manufacturing site inspections; (3) use of common evaluation protocols, aswell as joint review of data, to reduce unnecessary duplication of lengthy and costly clinical performance studies; and (4) use of networks of laboratories for post-market surveillance in order to monitor ongoing quality of diagnostic devices. The adoption and implementation of such measures in developing countries could accelerate access to new diagnostic tests that are safe and affordable.

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