An NGO's Efforts to Empower Ex-Convicts in Botswana

2015 ◽  
pp. 180-205
Author(s):  
Molefe Coper Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

This chapter presents a case-study drawn from a qualitative study which explored how non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Botswana perceive and respond to recent global emphasis to engage men as stakeholders in gender and development so as to achieve gender equality and to empower women. This case-study was purposively selected from sixteen focus group discussions held with different organizations across the country. The chapter specifically looks at efforts by the Botswana Institute of Rehabilitation and Reintegration of Offenders (BIRRO), an NGO established by a group of rehabilitated ex-convicts to empower other ex-convicts by way of facilitating their re-integration into society. They established this NGO after realizing that the rate of reoffending is high due to negative stereotypes attached to ex-convicts. Despite facing some challenges, BIRRO is trying to counteract the disenfranchising criminal identity which members of the public attach to people who once committed a crime.

An NGO's Efforts to Empower Ex-Convicts in Botswana

2017 ◽  
pp. 1039-1058
Author(s):  
Molefe Coper Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

This chapter presents a case-study drawn from a qualitative study which explored how non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Botswana perceive and respond to recent global emphasis to engage men as stakeholders in gender and development so as to achieve gender equality and to empower women. This case-study was purposively selected from sixteen focus group discussions held with different organizations across the country. The chapter specifically looks at efforts by the Botswana Institute of Rehabilitation and Reintegration of Offenders (BIRRO), an NGO established by a group of rehabilitated ex-convicts to empower other ex-convicts by way of facilitating their re-integration into society. They established this NGO after realizing that the rate of reoffending is high due to negative stereotypes attached to ex-convicts. Despite facing some challenges, BIRRO is trying to counteract the disenfranchising criminal identity which members of the public attach to people who once committed a crime.

From Absolute Poverty to Participatory Poverty Assessment and Back Again? A Critique of Poverty Scorecard through a Case Study from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 1246-1265
Author(s):  
Syed Owais
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Poverty Assessment ◽  
Resources Distribution

This paper critiques the poverty scorecard (PSC), a monetary-based tool for measuring poverty that has been adopted by community development programmes and participatory non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in 66 countries including Pakistan. Drawing on 15 interviews and five focus group discussions conducted with the staff members and community members of Frontier Organization for Rural Development, a participatory NGO in Pakistan, I argue that it uses clouds intra-household power and resources distribution thereby furthering gender, class, and ethnic inequalities. Instead of solely relying on the PSC, the paper suggests supplementing it with participatory methods.

ISSUES AND OBSTACLES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MALAY RESERVE LAND

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Hasniza Rosman ◽  
Abdul Hadi Nawawi ◽  
Rohayu Ab Majid
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Future Focus

Malay Reserve Land (MRL) is an heirloom belonging to the Malays to be protected, preserved, and developed in line with the aspirations of sustainable development. However, it has been found that land under the Malay Reserve Land (MRL) category is still lagging in the development stream although it has the potential to be developed in tandem with other Non-Malay Reserve Land. This research paper aims to establish the issues and obstacles in developing the Malay Reserve Land eventually to formulate a strategy for development of the land in future. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were held involving experts from various backgrounds namely academics, government officers, industry players and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Issues and the respective obstacles mainly elicited from the FGDs are in the areas of data, information and research, legislation, development, and financial.

Dari Idealisme ke Pragmatisme: Pergeseran Paradigma dalam Pengembangan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-210
Author(s):  
Addiarrahman Addiarrahman ◽  
Illy Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Business World ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
The Public ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Legal Consideration ◽  
Economic Law ◽  
Islamic Economic

This study seeks to understand the pragmatism of the development of sharia economic law, and its implications for Islamic financial products in Indonesia. The data comes from the results of interviews and focus group discussions with key informants from academics, practitioners, authorities, and the public. This research finds that pragmatism in the development of Islamic economic law is an approach that still dominates the DSN-MUI fatwas. The pragmatism style used is complex-eclectic pragmatism which is represented through makhārij al-fiqhiyyah, which is to choose a mild opinion by sticking to the strongest method or also called "taysīr al-manhajī". The use of this method is intended to ensure that the fatwa is truly able to answer the needs of the business world, as well as being in line with sharia principles. DSN-MUI also does not use maslahah as a legal consideration in a free or liberal way. Rather, it returns maslahah in consideration of the method, so that it is permissible to use the bay’ al-'inān contract only in a forced state (ḍarurah).

scholarly journals Sexual and reproductive health of Syrian refugee adolescent girls: a qualitative study using focus group discussions in an urban setting in Lebanon

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayan Korri ◽  
Sabine Hess ◽  
Guenter Froeschl ◽  
Olena Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background The war in Syria caused the forced displacement of millions of Syrians to neighboring countries. Lebanon is the host country with the largest overall number of Syrian refugees per capita. Adolescent refugee girls experience a unique level of vulnerability during human emergencies and are at increased risk of suffering from poor sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. We conducted an exploratory qualitative study to learn about the SRH perceptions and experiences of refugee adolescent girls living in Bourj Hammoud, an urban setting in Lebanon. Methods We employed a qualitative design with eight focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted with 40 Syrian Arab and Syrian Kurdish adolescent girls between January and March 2020. Every FGD consisted of five participants aged 13 to 17 years. A semi-structured guide was used covering multiple themes: menstruation, puberty, SRH awareness, and sexual harassment. FGDs were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings The participants discussed adolescent girls’ health and named six elements of good health, such as healthy activities and self-protection. The majority of the FGD participants reported a lack of awareness about menstruation when they experienced it for the first time and the social stigma associated with menstruation. When defining puberty, they indicated its social link to a girl’s readiness for marriage and her need to become cautious about sexual harassment. Most FGD participants had very poor knowledge of the female reproductive system. Mothers were the most approached persons to receive information on SRH issues; however, the girls indicated a wish to receive advice from specialists in a comfortable and private atmosphere. All the girls reported that either they themselves, or an acquaintance, had experienced some type of sexual harassment. The girls rarely reported those incidents due to fear of being blamed or subjected to mobility restrictions, or forced to drop out of school. Conclusions The findings show the refugee girls need for satisfactory knowledge on SRH issues and interventions to prevent sexual and gender-based violence that take into consideration the complexity of urban settings.

scholarly journals Factors affecting academic self-efficacy and learning experiences of pharmacy students: Insights from a qualitative study in Zambia

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Aubrey Chichonyi Kalungia ◽  
Micheal Chigunta ◽  
James Sichone ◽  
Bugewa Apampa ◽  
Sarah Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Academic Self Efficacy

Background: Factors influencing how pharmacy students learn and experience pharmaceutical education have not been elucidated in Zambia. Aim: To elucidate contextual factors affecting academic self-efficacy and learning experiences among undergraduate pharmacy students at a public university in Zambia. Methods: A qualitative study utilising focus group discussions was conducted at the University of Zambia. Thirty-two undergraduate pharmacy students participated in four focus group discussions. Qualitative data were thematically analysed. Results: Four themes and eight sub-themes emerged from the data. Notional time management, learning style, and motivation; educational programme-related factors such as course load, the pace of teaching; the learning environment; and assessment practices affected undergraduate pharmacy students’ self-efficacy and learning experiences. Conclusion: Addressing the student-related, educational programme-related, and the learning environment factors identified in this study will contribute to the improvement of undergraduate pharmacy students’ learning experiences. This is premised to improve their educational outcomes and future practice of pharmaceutical care.

scholarly journals Marginalization of Professionalism in Clinical Settings; A qualitative study at Tehran University of Medical Sciences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme Alipour ◽  
Zahra Shahvari
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Professional Behavior ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Management Issues

Background: Management-level challenges are among the factors that undermine the individuals' adherence to professional behavior in clinical settings. This study investigated glitches of the management system in clinical settings from the perspective of staff, faculty members, and medical students/residents in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2 parts by exploring the viewpoints of personnel and physicians. In this regard, 8 focus group discussions were performed with 85 faculty members, clinical residents, and interns. Furthermore, 15 focus group discussions were held with 165 staffs. Available sampling method was applied to collect the participants and the data were analyzed using the content analysis method. Results: A total of 22 focus-group discussions were conducted with 250 participants; Participants' age ranged from 24 to 65 years. Participants' education levels varied from diploma to postgraduate for the staff and from medical student to sub-specialist for the physicians. Finally, management-level barriers, which undermine the staffs' ability to adhere to professional behavior in clinical settings were explained with 315 codes, 12 subcategories, and 2 main categories of "macro management issues " and "hospital management issues". Conclusion: Managers are required to consider providing a proper context for enforcing the professional behavior law, selecting middle managers based on their empowerment in performing the professional behaviors, prioritizing the professional behavior in policy making, and promoting the professional behavior in an administrative system consistent with the health system. In selecting the hospital managers, authorities are recommended to consider the managers' professional behavior and power in implementing the professionalism leadership. Moreover, the possibility of conducting professional behavior should be considered in making the policies.

scholarly journals Mendorong Semangat Inklusifisme dan Toleransi: Studi atas Buku Daras Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) dan Model Pembelajarannya di Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Refleksi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-180
Author(s):  
Media Zainul Bahri
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Public University ◽  
Religious Development ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Islamic Schools ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Reading Textbooks

This article explores the insights of inclusivism and tolerance in Islamic religious education (PAI) textbooks in Brawijaya University (UB) Malang. This article is the result of research by reading textbooks, interviewing six PAI lecturers and focus group discussions (FGD) at UB Malang in December 2018. In general, there are many material aspects in the textbooks that encourage students to be open, respect for diversity and behave tolerant of different Islamic schools of thought. This is emphasized by the PAI lecturers since UB is a public university belong to the public and because in Islam itself there are many different understandings and schools of thought. The spirit of inclusivism, cosmopolitan and tolerance is seen explicitly in PAI UB’s textbooks and becomes the vision of PAI lecturers. If there is a deviation from the book tends to be a closed ideology, intolerant, and against the Republic of Indonesia, then it can be ascertained because of the “lecturer initiative” personally, and do not represent Lembaga Pusat Pembinaan Agama (the Central Institution of Religious Development).

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