Health Determinants

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Mihaela Cristina Drăgoi
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Lifestyle Choices ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Model ◽  
And Behavior

The starting point of this chapter is the Lalonde health model, which takes into account the influence of non-medical factors upon human health. As it turns out, health services contribute to good health to a lesser extent than human behavior and genetic background. Since lifestyle choices and behavior prove to affect human health significantly – both as improvement or deterioration – nutrition habits determine some of the most severe illnesses that health care systems must deal with, also augmenting the burden of disease. This chapter aims at emphasizing the impact of nutrition on individual and societal health using a varied range of indicators regarding food consumption habits among various populations of the EU Member States within the wider context of economic development (GDP/capita, Actual Individual Consumption, access to basic utilities – drinkable water and sewage systems, standards of living etc.).

Health Determinants

2016 ◽  
pp. 393-417
Author(s):  
Mihaela Cristina Drăgoi
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Lifestyle Choices ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Model ◽  
And Behavior

The starting point of this chapter is the Lalonde health model, which takes into account the influence of non-medical factors upon human health. As it turns out, health services contribute to good health to a lesser extent than human behavior and genetic background. Since lifestyle choices and behavior prove to affect human health significantly – both as improvement or deterioration – nutrition habits determine some of the most severe illnesses that health care systems must deal with, also augmenting the burden of disease. This chapter aims at emphasizing the impact of nutrition on individual and societal health using a varied range of indicators regarding food consumption habits among various populations of the EU Member States within the wider context of economic development (GDP/capita, Actual Individual Consumption, access to basic utilities – drinkable water and sewage systems, standards of living etc.).

scholarly journals Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used for Human Health Care in Yem Culture, South Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Woldemariam ◽  
Sebsebe Demissew ◽  
Zemede Asfaw
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Care Systems

Abstract BackgroundIndigenous or traditional herbal medicine has been widely regarded as a resource for strengthening the health care systems among communities of low income countries including Ethiopia. The Yem people in Ethiopia have deep-rooted and ancient traditional knowledge of managing human ailments and health conditions using medicinal plants (mps). On the other hand, mps and the associated indigenous knowledge are under erosion due to human-induced and natural factors. Therefore, documenting the plant biodiversity along with the associated indigenous knowledge is of urgent task for conservation. MethodsThis study was conducted in April, 2013, October, 2016 and July, 2016 with the objective of documenting traditional mps in different land uses that are used for treating human ailments. Ethnobotanical data were collected from 69 informants that were selected by stratified random sampling and purposive sampling. Vegetation data were obtained from 30, 30x30 m quadrats. Ethnobotanical data were analysed using paired ranking, Informant consensus factor and Fidelity Level index. ResultsAbout 213 medicinal plant species that are used for treating 117 human ailments were recorded. ICF calculated depicted a highest ICF value of 0.82 for Gastrointestinal & Visceral organs ailments. Haplocarpha rueppellii, Carduus schimperi and Inula confortiflora each 100%, Maesa lanceolata 80% and Rumex abyssinicus 75%. Vegetation analysis showed three plant communities.ConclusionThe Yem people have rich traditional knowledge of utilising plants side by side with the mainstream biomedical system for maintaining human health care.

scholarly journals The history of refugee and newcomer health care in Canada

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
Austyn Roseborough ◽  
Roger Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
History Of

Canada represents a global leader in refugee resettlement, having embraced an identity of multiculturalism that promotes the acceptance of newcomers. A crucial factor in facilitating post-arrival integration of newcomers into Canadian society is the maintenance of good health through the provision of adequate health care services. Throughout the past century, there has been an increase in the number of refugees in Canada, beginning largely in the post-World War period and extending into the second half of the twentieth century. This influx has required the development of health care systems and coverage specific to unique post-arrival medical needs of refugees. The history of refugee health care has been shaped by both policy and advocacy on behalf of refugees, resulting in a larger breadth of coverage today than ever before. This article summarizes the evolution of health care services provided to refugees, challenges that particular populations of refugees have faced in accessing care, and suggestions for continued improvements in refugee access to health care services.

scholarly journals Unfavorable Mortality-To-Incidence Ratio of Lung Cancer Is Associated with Health Care Disparity

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Yu Huang ◽  
Kwong-Kwok Au ◽  
Sung-Lang Chen ◽  
Shao-Chuan Wang ◽  
Chi-Yu Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Good Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Health Organization

The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) is associated with the clinical outcome of cancer treatment. For several cancers, countries with relatively good health care systems have favorable MIRs. However, the association between lung cancer MIR and health care expenditures or rankings has not been evaluated. We used linear regression to analyze the correlation between lung cancer MIRs and the total expenditures on health/gross domestic product (e/GDP) and the World Health Organization (WHO) rankings. We included 57 countries, for which data of adequate quality were available, and we found high rates of incidence and mortality but low MIRs in more developed regions. Among the continents, North America had the highest rates of incidence and mortality, whereas the highest MIRs were in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Globally, favorable MIRs correlated with high e/GDP and good WHO ranking (regression coefficient, −0.014 and 0.001; p = 0.004, and p = 0.014, respectively). In conclusion, the MIR for lung cancer in different countries varies with the expenditure on health care and health system rankings.

scholarly journals Health and Households’ Portfolio Choices in Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Insook Cho
Keyword(s):  
Regional Variation ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Bank Deposits ◽  
Portfolio Choices ◽  
Care Systems

<p>Using the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), this study investigated how health is associated with households’ portfolio choices in 10 European countries. This study reports three important findings on the relationship between health and portfolio choices. First, households in poor health condition are less likely than households in good health to own various types of financial and non-financial assets. Second, households in poor health condition tend to allocate a lower share of their wealth to risky financial assets, savings for long-term investment, their principal residence, and other non-financial assets while they allocate a larger share to liquid assets such as bank deposits. Third, there exists a regional variation in the magnitude of the correlation between health and portfolio choices. This regional variation can be explained by differences in health care systems. Overall, these findings suggest that negative health shocks are significantly associated with a household’s portfolio choices.</p>

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF SUCCESS DRIVERS OF E-HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE AND USE: A NATIONAL LEVEL STUDY

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
KALLOL K. BAGCHI ◽  
Godwin J. Udo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
National Level ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Common People ◽  
Health Infrastructure ◽  
Cost Of Health Care ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Perception Of Health

e-Health, in form of websites that contain information on health, is emerging as an important resource for common people in some developed nations. The purpose of the study is to explore the critical factors that drive the e-Health infrastructure of nations and its usage. Research data from a set of more than 40 developed and developing nations were gathered from 8,000 websites to allow analysis of factors driving the e-Health growth. The results suggest that at a national level, cost of health care per capita and perception of health are significant in e-Health infrastructure regression, explaining more than 32-41% of the variability in e-Health infrastructure. Confidence in health care systems, perception of good health, health care costs, and human development index and health infrastructure also explain over 69-78% of the variability in e-Health use.

scholarly journals National Health Reforms in Georgia during 1994-2021 and their Success

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Iza Gigauri ◽  
Kakhaber Djakeli
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Reform ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Health Care Reforms ◽  
Health Reforms ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Health Model

Abstract The Health Reform of the country is a very difficult burden for two reasons: firstly, we need an appropriate economy level in the country, that can bear the new health model, established through reform, and secondly, the country needs a health system that is appropriate either for its economic system or for its tradition and history. Health reformers need to match all the points of the health reform concept, its implementation, and the systems of the country. Due to its Soviet past, Georgia struggled in the last twenty years to find an effective and cost efficient health model for its citizens. Starting from the 90s, Georgia instituted three health reforms and finally found some sustainable measures. The present article explores the three waves of the Georgian Health Care reforms, and analyses the factors of their success and the reasons for their failures. The importance of studying the Health Care systems is derived from Sustainable Development Goals targeting Health issues including health-related topics to improve the population’s health and wellbeing as well as achieve universal coverage of health services. The research contributes to the knowledge regarding the Health Care Reforms, and their practical implications on a country.

Prioritising health information needs in Europe: a Policy Delphi survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Seeling ◽  
M Thißen ◽  
P Achterberg ◽  
F Carle ◽  
R Lyons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Policy Delphi ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Systems Mapping

Abstract Background Health information (HI) includes data on population health, health determinants, health care systems, and health-relevant policy developments. Duly prioritised HI is essential to inform decision-makers, researchers and the public. Little can be found in the literature on HI prioritisation methods and procedures in Europe. Our study aims to close this gap. Methods We designed a two-round online Policy Delphi and addressed 119 contacts, mainly public health and health information experts, in 33 InfAct partner countries. The first round included structured and full-text questions; in the ongoing second round, participants rank prioritisation approaches according to 'desirability', 'feasibility', 'importance' and 'confidence'. Results In the first round, 19 questionnaires were fully completed; the presented results also include replies from interrupted surveys and drop-outs. 58% of the participants reported the existence of structured national HI prioritisation processes; 65% indicated stakeholder involvement, and 54% the application of defined criteria. National health targets or strategies played a major role in HI prioritisation. 17 respondents from 13 countries agreed to participate in the second round. Based on analysis of the first round, participants rank approaches to HI prioritisation, preferences for stakeholder involvement and coordination, partners and methods for criteria development, the role of national and international frameworks and options for good-practices in HI development. The expected outcome of our study is not one single recommendation for HI prioritisation, but a list of good practice-approaches. Conclusions Health systems in Europe are heterogeneous, and so are health information systems. Mapping, sharing and ranking HI prioritisation approaches will facilitate knowledge exchange in the context of building a sustainable EU HI-system and may inform relevant EU processes.

Inconsistent objectives – reflections on some selective health care policy developments in Europe

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Eu

Over the last two decades, there has been an increased focus among the health policy and research communities upon improving efficiency, in terms of activity levels and health outcomes, in the health care systems of the EU member states. In this article, some of these developments are described and to some extent assessed, and an attempt is made to highlight how they may serve to undermine more fundamental aspects of these systems: namely, that access to health care be universal and affordable at the point of use.

scholarly journals An Overview on COVID-19 Outbreaks Scenario in South Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 973-981
Author(s):  
Moshiul Alam Mishu ◽  
Saikat Das Sajib ◽  
Md Mahib Ullah ◽  
Md Ashik Imran ◽  
Md Waseque Mia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Health Care

The global emergence of the recently discovered COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019; SARS-CoV-2) has already shown its devastating effects on almost the entire world by causing huge numbers of death cases and rupturing the whole economy as well as social communication. South Asia, a region that comprises mostly of least developed and developing countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) with overpopulation, illiteracy, poverty, lack of awareness, lack of hygiene, inadequate health care facilities, is still struggling to fight against this virus and facing the consequences with over 8.5 million confirmed cases including 130,636 deaths till the 20th October. Prompt and proper protective measures, good health care systems, and conscious people are the keys to reducing the severe impacts of this pandemic situation, and most of the countries in this region lack all of this. Considering this, it will not be a surprise if the pandemic takes its full shape in these countries and recent evidence also suggest that the situation is already on its way to reach the peak. However, the pandemic nature in South Asia also demonstrates that strict measures by the government and co-operation from the people can protect a country from the impacts of the virus, whereas lack of these can lead to the next heat point. This review demonstrates and compares the impact of COVID-19 in the mass population of South Asia which could support the government and scientific community to take proper protective measures against this global pandemic and better prepare the community for future challenges. Moreover, good health care systems, public health infrastructure, and up to date information on COVID-19 outbreaks in this region will help to combat this pandemic and create more sustainable and resilient healthy societies in South Asia. Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 973-981, 2021 (January)

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