Digital Government and the Digital Divide

2011 ◽  
pp. 291-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Groper
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
American People ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Racial Divide

There seems to be a consensus among scholars and pundits that the lack of access to the Internet among African-Americans and Latinos has created a digital divide in the United States. The digital divide has negatively affected the ability of minority groups to accumulate social capital . This study compares Internet access rates in California and the United States in order to test the premise that race is the primary influence upon Internet access. In California, the data explicitly depicts a stronger relationship between Internet access and education and income than it does with Internet access and race.1 Across the United States, the results are not as stark. However, education and income are increasingly becoming important variables. The policy implications of this study are dramatic . Since most governmental and non-profit efforts in the United States have put resources and money into decreasing the racial divide, this study suggests that at least some of those resources should be shifted to alleviating the educational and economic discrepancies that exist among the American people.

Digital Government and the Digital Divide

2008 ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Richard Groper
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
American People ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Racial Divide

There seems to be a consensus among scholars and pundits that the lack of access to the Internet among African-Americans and Latinos has created a digital divide in the United States. The digital divide has negatively affected the ability of minority groups to accumulate social capital . This study compares Internet access rates in California and the United States in order to test the premise that race is the primary influence upon Internet access. In California, the data explicitly depicts a stronger relationship between Internet access and education and income than it does with Internet access and race.1 Across the United States, the results are not as stark. However, education and income are increasingly becoming important variables. The policy implications of this study are dramatic . Since most governmental and non-profit efforts in the United States have put resources and money into decreasing the racial divide, this study suggests that at least some of those resources should be shifted to alleviating the educational and economic discrepancies that exist among the American people.

Revisiting the First-Level Digital Divide in the United States: Gender and Race/Ethnicity Patterns, 2007–2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste Campos-Castillo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Racial Divide

With the narrowing of Internet access divide, researchers have focused on Internet usage, taking for granted access issues. However, questions remain regarding who has Internet access in the United States: What is the status of the racial divide? Is there still a gender divide? How do Latinos compare to other racial and ethnic minority groups? How does gender intersect with race and ethnicity? I analyze nationally representative data to compare Internet access among adults from 2007 to 2012. I find that women are more likely to report having Internet access than men. Blacks and Latinos are equally likely to report having Internet access, and both groups are less likely to report having Internet access than Whites. Finally, Black men exhibited the greatest increase in access. This research complements Internet usage studies with a recent assessment of Internet access trends, important trends to monitor as policies and technological innovations aim for universal access.

scholarly journals The Digital Divide And Job Stability During The Great Recession

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Sumati Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Policy Objective ◽  
The Great Recession

Researchers and policy makers have identified the existence of a Digital Divide in the United States, between those who have access to the internet and technology in general, and those who do not. Most research into the relationship between the access to technology and labor market outcomes has revolved around on-the-job computer use and the extent to which it determines wages. Using a nationally representative dataset, this study looks instead at access to the internet at home prior to the Great Recession, and examines whether this is significantly related to job loss during the Great Recession. The results of this analysis indicate that internet access prior was a stronger predictor of job loss during the Great Recession than on-the-job computer use. With recent data that internet access levels in the United States may have plateaued for certain sections of the population, this finding has broad implications for both workers and employers, and lends urgency to the policy objective of expanding internet access.

scholarly journals Comparing Digital Divides: Internet Access and Social Inequality in Canada and the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip N. Howard ◽  
Laura Busch ◽  
Penelope Sheets
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Digital Divides

Abstract: What is the best way to measure and track the digital divide, in a comparative manner, over time? What impact have differing policy interventions had on the digital divide in Canada and the United States? We offer a way of benchmarking equality in Internet access using Gini coefficients and demonstrate that overall the digital divide has been closing in both countries. We find that in terms of income, the digital divide in Canada has closed most dramatically, and that in terms of education, the digital divide remains most pronounced in the United States. We suggest that Canada has been more successful in reducingthe concentration of Internet access among wealthy educated populations, in part due to the active role of the state in supporting the production of culturally relevant digital content.Résumé : Cette étude compare les représentations aux nouvelles des agences autochtones de bien-être de l'enfant avec celles d'autorités provinciales telles que le Ministry of Children and Family Development en Colombie-Britannique. La couverture médiatique d'incidents critiques impliquant des enfants sous la tutelle d'agences provinciales met généralement l'accent sur des problèmes systémiques tels que les coupures dans les programmes, le manque de ressources et les déficiences organisationnelles - des conditions sur lesquelles le travailleur social a peu de contrôle. En contraste, ces facteurs contextuels sont généralement absents des reportages sur les agences autochtones. La plupart des reportages et chroniques jettent plutôt le blâme sur le travailleur social et l'administrateur autochtones tout en mettant en question les compétences de l'intervenant autochtone en général. En revanche, les chroniques écrites par des autochtones soulèvent des questions structurelles et des facteurs contextuels qui sont absents des autres reportages.

The Digital Divide in the U.S. in the 21st Century

2010 ◽  
pp. 112-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barney Warf
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The U.S

The United States has the world’s largest national population of Internet users, roughly 170 million people, or 70% of the adult population. However, the deep class and racial inequalities within the U.S. are mirrored in access to cyberspace. This chapter examines the nature of the U.S. digital divide, differentiating between Internet access and usage, using data from 1995 to 2005. Although Internet usage has grown among all sociodemographic groups, substantial differences by income and ethnicity persist. The chapter also examines discrepancies in access to broadband technologies.

The Incorporation of American Religion: The Case of the Presbyterians

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-118
Author(s):  
Louis Weeks
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
American Religion ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Protestant Denominations ◽  
Family Groups

The Christian church, including all its various branches, has been consistently susceptible to the forces that form or change cultures. Scholars claim that this adaptability has been extremely important in the rise and spread of the religion. In the American environment, Protestants formed voluntary associations that attracted people individually and by family groups. This environment actually shaped “denominations” even during the colonial period. One such denomination was the Presbyterians, who pioneered in the formation of a communion that existed as neither a “state church” nor a “dissenting” church body. As the United States experienced industrialization and growing complexity in economic and cultural patterns, the Protestant denominations were affected by those same forces. Thus, denominations naturally became what came to be termed “non-profit corporations,” subject to the limitations and problems of such organizations but also the beneficiaries of that system as well.

The Empire of Disgust

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Change Point ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Group Resistance

All known societies exclude and stigmatize one or more minority groups. Frequently these exclusions are underwritten with a rhetoric of disgust: people of a certain group, it is alleged, are filthy, hyper-animal, or not fit to share such facilities as drinking water, food, and public swimming pools with the ‘clean’ and ‘fully human’ majority. But exclusions vary in their scope and also in the specific disgust-ideologies underlying them. In this volume, interdisciplinary scholars from the United States and India present a detailed comparative study of the varieties of prejudice and stigma that pervade contemporary social and political life: prejudice along the axes of caste, race, gender, age, sexual orientation, transgender, disability, religion, and economic class. In examining these forms of stigma and their intersections, the authors present theoretically pluralistic and empirically sensitive accounts that both explain group-based stigma and suggest ways forward. These forward-looking remedies, including group resistance to subordination as well as institutional and legal change, point the way towards a public culture that is informed by our diverse histories of discrimination and therefore equipped to eliminate stigma in all of its multifaceted forms.

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