The Beijing World Conference on Women, ICT Policy, and Gender

2011 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
J. Ann Dumas
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Global Network ◽  
World Conference ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
The Media ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
And Gender

The 1995 Fourth World Conference on Women, Beijing, China, addressed gender equality issues in many areas of global society, including information, communication, and knowledge exchange and the associated technologies. The Beijing Declaration called for action to promote gender equality in human rights, economic autonomy, domestic responsibility sharing, participation in public life and decision making, access to health services and education, and the eradication of poverty and all forms of violence against women. The Beijing Platform for Action contained strategic objectives and actions for governments and others to implement to increase gender equality in 12 critical areas, including Section J, Women and the Media. Article 234 of the Beijing Platform Section J acknowledged the important need for gender equality in information and communication technology: advances in information technology have facilitated a global network of communications that transcends national boundaries and has an impact on public policy, private attitudes and behaviour, especially of children and young adults. Everywhere the potential exists for the media to make a far greater contribution to the advancement of women. (United Nations [UN], 1995, p. 133) Section J defined two strategic objectives that address issues of access to and participation in ICT and media development. J.1. Increase the participation and access of women to expression and decision making in and through the media and new technologies of communication. J.2. Promote a balanced and nonstereotyped portrayal of women in the media. (United Nations, 1995, pp. 133-136) Governments agreed to implement the Beijing Platform for Action and use gender-disaggregated data to report national progress on objectives during Beijing +5 United Nations General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) in 2000 and Beijing +10 in 2005. This article reviews progress reported on ICT-related Section J strategic initiatives and trends for ICT and gender between 1995 and 2005.

The Beijing World Conference on Women, ICT Policy, and Gender

2008 ◽  
pp. 480-487
Author(s):  
J. Ann Dumas
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Global Network ◽  
World Conference ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
The Media ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
And Gender

The 1995 Fourth World Conference on Women, Beijing, China, addressed gender equality issues in many areas of global society, including information, communication, and knowledge exchange and the associated technologies. The Beijing Declaration called for action to promote gender equality in human rights, economic autonomy, domestic responsibility sharing, participation in public life and decision making, access to health services and education, and the eradication of poverty and all forms of violence against women. The Beijing Platform for Action contained strategic objectives and actions for governments and others to implement to increase gender equality in 12 critical areas, including Section J, Women and the Media. Article 234 of the Beijing Platform Section J acknowledged the important need for gender equality in information and communication technology: advances in information technology have facilitated a global network of communications that transcends national boundaries and has an impact on public policy, private attitudes and behaviour, especially of children and young adults. Everywhere the potential exists for the media to make a far greater contribution to the advancement of women. (United Nations [UN], 1995, p. 133) Section J defined two strategic objectives that address issues of access to and participation in ICT and media development. J.1. Increase the participation and access of women to expression and decision making in and through the media and new technologies of communication. J.2. Promote a balanced and nonstereotyped portrayal of women in the media. (United Nations, 1995, pp. 133-136) Governments agreed to implement the Beijing Platform for Action and use gender-disaggregated data to report national progress on objectives during Beijing +5 United Nations General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) in 2000 and Beijing +10 in 2005. This article reviews progress reported on ICT-related Section J strategic initiatives and trends for ICT and gender between 1995 and 2005.

scholarly journals “If you don’t act, you are not going to get anything”: Professional identity and gender equality in Greek and Cypriot media organisations

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (61) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki Gazi ◽  
Dimitra Dimitrakopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Professional Accomplishment

The research here focuses on the relationship between women and media organisations in Greece and Cyprus. Our aim is to study the professional identity of women in the context of media organisations as well as the progress toward gender equality in Greek and Cypriot media organisations compared to the rest of Europe. Greece and, to a greater extent, Cyprus are societies in which the preservation and reproduction of the structure of the family constitutes the primary mechanism for socialization and professional accomplishment, much more than in other countries of central and northern Europe. The reported results are part of a more broadly focused EIGE Report entitled “Advancing gender equality in decision-making in media organizations,” which reviews the implementation of the Beijing Platform for Action (BPfA) in Member States. The BPfA, in turn, introduces the first indicators for measuring the progress of gender equality for women in the media. The media sectors both in Greece and Cyprus continue to be male-dominated. Women occupy only a small percentage of decision-making posts in media organisations. Moreover, there is a significant lack of gender-related policies and monitoring mechanisms in the media organisations and the countries themselves.

Digital Leisure or Digital Business?

2016 ◽  
pp. 244-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Wilson ◽  
Aisha Kolo Lawan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
World Conference ◽  
Fourth World ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Media Portrayal ◽  
The Media

The fourth world conference on women in Beijing in 1995 was a springboard for women acceptance to explore various media possibilities to enhance their global visibility for societal recognition, address the negative media portrayal of women, and strengthen the gender equality struggles. Their platform for action on women and the media was to strategically increase the participation and access of women to expression and decision-making in and through the media and new technologies of communication. These declarations and strategies were clear indications and a call for creating new avenues for expression and participation for the purpose of empowering women. These plans of action and adoption of new technologies of communication must translate into relevant engagement with these technologies to be able to achieve the set goals. Engaging with technologies for leisure purposes (digital leisure) are likely to be of little significance to serious Internet activities relevant to women empowerment drive (digital business). The purpose for which women engage these new technologies should reflect issues that are in tandem with women empowerment drive. This Chapter examined what area Nigerian women are engaging the Internet. Findings showed that more Nigeria women access the Internet through mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. Nigerian women engage the Internet for both digital leisure and digital business but they do more leisure-based Internet activities than serious activities that facilitate women empowerment (their Internet activities are more leisure oriented than business oriented) The women Internet empowerment drive can only be realised if Nigerian women up their game in digital business activities on the Internet.

scholarly journals “Commenting on the Causal Factors Controlling Female Decision Making” A study of Female Decision Making Regarding Paid Employment: Punjab, Pakistan

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubna Shahnaz ◽  
Zainab Kizilbash
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Paid Employment ◽  
Decision Making Styles ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Status Of Women

Introduction As societies grapple with incorporating the concepts of gender equality and gender sensitivity, female decision making is quickly losing its designation as a peripheral issue. Indeed the United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women in support of the Commission on the Status of Women has been exploring the question of women and decision making for some time. In 1997 it called upon governments to take into consideration diverse decision making styles and to enhance the images of women in political and public spheres [UN, (2000)].

Digital Leisure or Digital Business?

2018 ◽  
pp. 1407-1418
Author(s):  
Joseph Wilson ◽  
Aisha Kolo Lawan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
World Conference ◽  
Fourth World ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Media Portrayal ◽  
The Media

The fourth world conference on women in Beijing in 1995 was a springboard for women acceptance to explore various media possibilities to enhance their global visibility for societal recognition, address the negative media portrayal of women, and strengthen the gender equality struggles. Their platform for action on women and the media was to strategically increase the participation and access of women to expression and decision-making in and through the media and new technologies of communication. These declarations and strategies were clear indications and a call for creating new avenues for expression and participation for the purpose of empowering women. These plans of action and adoption of new technologies of communication must translate into relevant engagement with these technologies to be able to achieve the set goals. Engaging with technologies for leisure purposes (digital leisure) are likely to be of little significance to serious Internet activities relevant to women empowerment drive (digital business). The purpose for which women engage these new technologies should reflect issues that are in tandem with women empowerment drive. This Chapter examined what area Nigerian women are engaging the Internet. Findings showed that more Nigeria women access the Internet through mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. Nigerian women engage the Internet for both digital leisure and digital business but they do more leisure-based Internet activities than serious activities that facilitate women empowerment (their Internet activities are more leisure oriented than business oriented) The women Internet empowerment drive can only be realised if Nigerian women up their game in digital business activities on the Internet.

Positive Duties and Gender Equality

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 91-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colm O'cinneide
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Positive Duty ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Substantive Equality ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
Positive Duties ◽  
And Gender ◽  
First Time

The imposition since 1998 of a variety of positive equality duties upon public authorities has attracted comparatively little academic attention. However, these duties are a central part of current government equality initiatives, increasingly constitute a major part of the work of the UK's equality commissions, and have been described as an essential part of a new ‘fourth generation’ of equality legislation. It now appears likely that a positive duty to promote gender equality will soon be imposed upon public authorities, which will complement similar race and disability duties. Will the introduction of this positive gender equality duty add to, detract or complement existing statutory provisions? Given the danger that ‘soft law’ initiatives may undermine existing anti-discrimination controls, will the duty provide a clear steer to public authorities, or will it lack teeth, substance and direction, and possibly even prove counter-productive? Such positive duties are designed to compensate for the limitations of existing anti-discrimination law, by requiring the taking of positive steps to promote equality and eliminate discrimination, rather than just compelling a reactive compliance with the letter of the (equality) law. The justifications in principle for the introduction of such duties are strong: for the first time, the introduction of a positive gender duty will impose a clear legislative obligation upon public authorities to adopt a substantive equality approach and to take proactive action to redress patterns of disadvantage linked to gender discrimination. Serious concerns do however exist as to the extent to which such duties can be enforced, and the danger that they will simply encourage greater bureaucratic activity at the expense of real change. The proposed gender duty, as with the other duties that have been introduced, is no panacea. Nevertheless, it does constitute a good start, can serve a useful function by empowering public authorities to take positive action, and if effectively used will be a very valuable point of pressure to push for better things.

Women and Media

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-23
Author(s):  
Zeljka Lekic-Subasic
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Public Service ◽  
General Public ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
Existing Data ◽  
National Borders

Difficulties that women face in the media professions and discrimination against women's access to decision-making posts within the media is a problem that transcends national borders. Becoming a greater part of this particular workforce would help to expand both the amount and quality of visibility for women – in news, television, and public sphere in general. Public service media (PSM), as broadcasting, made, financed, and controlled by the public and for the public, with the output designed to reach everyone and reflect all voices, should treat gender equality with the utmost importance. The existing data indicate however that, although some progress have been made, there is a lot to be done: while women among European PSMs represent 44% of the workforce, the number falls to less than 25% at the higher and executive positions. This chapter analyses the efforts made by the European Broadcasting Union's members and the measures they recommend.

No Shortcut to Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara Ellerby
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
First Century ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Informal Practices ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Policies And Practices

Gender equality has become a central aspect of global governance and development in the twenty-first century. States increasingly promote women in government, ensure women’s economic rights, and protect women from violence, all in the name of creating a more gender-equitable world. This book, however, challenges the idea that such efforts to include more women can actually promote gender equality. Arguing instead that there is a global “add gender and stir” campaign, in which women and gender have become synonymous, this book interrogates why this campaign has not had a greater global impact. Introducing women’s inclusion as an alternative framing to gender equality, this book delves into the data and research on policies and practices promoting women in public over the last forty years. What emerges is a liberal feminist movement to add women to male-dominated institutions that has done little to challenge binary gender—understood as patterns of masculinities and femininities—and often reinforces it instead. Chapters focus on policies and practices in three areas, including promoting women’s participation in government, increasing women’s economic rights, and protecting women from violence. The book uses “analytical gender” to explain why women’s inclusion is not more emancipatory—exploring how poor implementation, informal practices, gender binaries, and intersectionality remain key issues across all efforts of women’s inclusion. Ultimately all of these efforts have been co-opted by global neoliberal institutions in troubling ways, often reinforcing gender differences rather than challenging them.

scholarly journals ISU GENDER DI INDONESIA DALAM RESPON NAHDHATUL ULAMA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Akhiriyati Sundari
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Structural Framework ◽  
And Gender

This paper will examine the Nahdhatul Ulama's response to gender issues in Indonesia. In general, Nahdhatul Ulama's response to gender in this case is represented by the discourse of women's acceptance in the NU body is relatively good. This is seen from some important decisions issued by PBNU. Empowerment and gender mainstreaming within the structural framework of the Nahdhatul Ulama organization are seen in significant decisions for gender equality, including decision making after the 1997 Munas decision, how NU accepts women as president

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