Designing Control of Computer-Mediated Gifting in Sharing Networks

2011 ◽  
pp. 240-268
Author(s):  
Jörgen Skågeby
Keyword(s):  
Social Dilemma ◽  
End Users ◽  
Social Provision ◽  
Multiple User ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter suggests that the pro-social provision, or gifting, of goods in multiple user sharing networks is largely determined by the relationship an individual has to the larger group(s) of which he or she is a member. This relationship is often referred to as a social dilemma and can be both a con?ict of interest or a pattern of cooperation re?ecting a predicament in acting in self-interest versus the interest of the collective (or different groups of the collective). In this chapter, the social dilemma is modelled by the relationship model, which operates for end users on a tactical level of control and thus sets a general path of performance. Once a speci?c gifting act is included in such a tactic, ?ve dimensions of control are also suggested, which operates on a situated sociotechnical level. The dynamics of sharing networks makes gifting a continuous re-negotiation between reactive actions and overall tactics. In such an environment, the relationship model is suggested to be a relatively stable determinant of types of gifting acts, while the dimensions of control are tentatively suggested to address sociotechnical control requirements of the speci?c gifting actions.

scholarly journals “How Do They Even Know They Love?” The Image of Polyamory in Polish Expert Discourse

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 2829-2847
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Grunt-Mejer ◽  
Weronika Chańska
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Psychological Evaluation ◽  
Moral Order ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Scientific Objectivity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

Abstract The article presents the results of a thematic analysis of statements about polyamory made in the media by Polish psychology and sexology experts. The analysis was conducted on the basis of 20 pieces of material released in the Polish national press, radio, and television between July 2012 and October 2018. The results show that most of the analyzed experts approach polyamory with suspicion. In most cases, the decision to be in a polyamorous relationship is assessed very negatively, and in the eyes of the therapists it is evidence of psychological defects in people who make such attempts or it is seen as a harbinger of unfavorable outcomes for the relationship. This negative psychological evaluation is often accompanied by a strong moral assessment and a clear willingness to discourage society from this relationship model. The results show that representatives of psychology and medical sciences in the Polish media support and legitimize the social and moral order that promotes mono-normativity. The true reasons for the aforementioned negative assessment are hidden behind a veil of scientific objectivity.

scholarly journals Performing the common good: volunteering and ethics in non-state crime prevention in South Africa

Africa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Kirsch
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
South African ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractUsing fieldwork data from South Africa's Eastern Cape Province, this article highlights ambiguities of volunteering as idea and practice by exploring discursive strategies used by volunteers in the field of civic crime prevention when the ethical honesty and selflessness of their commitment to volunteering is questioned by others. These ambiguities relate to asymmetries in the relationship between donors and recipients of volunteering, as well as, most importantly, the challenge to determine what constitutes the ‘common good’. This article demonstrates that these strategies entail the accommodation of contentions about: (1) the social identity of the volunteer by stressing the volunteer's commitment to abstract causes and objectives; (2) powerful asymmetries between donors and recipients of volunteering by invoking an encompassing sociality; and/or (3) the (alleged) self-interest of volunteers by defining the personal benefits achieved by volunteering not as an end in themselves but as ‘private means’ to ‘public ends’. All three strategies have in common that volunteers as ‘ethical subjects’ can here be shown to be co-produced with South African ‘communities of ethics’ on different social scales.

scholarly journals How Social Identity Affects Entrepreneurs’ Desire for Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Hans Vanoorbeek ◽  
Laura Lecluyse
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Community Identity ◽  
Desire For Control ◽  
Company Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Social Motivations ◽  
The Relationship

In order to obtain a better understanding why some entrepreneurs retain more control over their venture than others, this article analyzes the relationship between the social identity of the entrepreneur and her/his desire for control. In fact, entrepreneurs face an important tradeoff between attracting resources required to build company value and retaining decision-making control. Yet, we currently lack insight into whether and how entrepreneurs’ social motivations shape this trade-off. This study draws on social identity theory and a unique sample of 148 buyout entrepreneurs, as this setting confronts aspiring entrepreneurs directly with the value–control tradeoff. In our logistic regression, we find that entrepreneurs with a strong missionary identity, where venture creation revolves around advancing a cause, hold a higher desire for control. We do not observe a significant relationship between entrepreneurs having a Darwinian (driven by economic self-interest) or communitarian (driven by the concern for the community) identity and the desire to control their venture. When adding the moderating role of the portion of personal wealth the entrepreneur is willing to invest in her/his venture, the relationships between having a Darwinian or missionary social identity and the desire for control become significantly positive when the entrepreneur is looking to invest a larger portion of her/his wealth.

scholarly journals Identity, Community, and Technology: Reflections on the Facebook Group Inuit Hunting Stories of the Day

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-224
Author(s):  
Alexander Castleton
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Meaningful Engagement ◽  
Central Argument ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship

In this article I reflect on a particular Inuit use of the social networking site Facebook: the group called Inuit Hunting Stories of the Day. I focus on two main issues. First, I discuss the logic behind current technologies as conceptualized by Albert Borgmann (e.g., 1984), who states that rather than being neutral tools, modern devices foster a particular “taking-up” with the world that leads to disengagement from community and meaningful practices. Arguing against this view, I discuss how Inuit Hunting Stories of the Day is an example of how the internet and Facebook are appropriated and provide meaningful engagement. Second, I follow anthropologist Claudio Aporta’s (2013) notion of ecology of technology and argue that the relationship between technology and Inuit has to be understood within an ecological framework that encompasses the broader context of political, economic, and social change, which are intertwined with the use, appropriation, adoption, and adaptation of technology. Drawing from the ecology of technology perspective, it is my central argument that technology and computer-mediated communication bring proximity to cultural practices, activities, and the land rather than provoking distance and alienation from reality, as commonly expressed in dystopian notions.

Moving Beyond Marriage: Healthcare and the Social Safety Net for Families

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 636-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Fretwell Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Married Couples ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
Safety Nets ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Family Form ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Social Safety Nets ◽  
The Relationship

This article teases out the relationship between family form and the state's social safety nets around healthcare, showing the deep unfairness of measuring social safety nets by whether a couple marries. By continuing to tie healthcare benefits to specific family structures, we perpetuate the “galloping” inequality marking America today.This article concludes that, whatever happens with the thousands of benefits given to married couples in other domains, social policy should move beyond marriage with respect to healthcare. Delinking support for healthcare coverage and services from family form is just, better assists struggling families, and is in our collective self-interest.

scholarly journals Unexplored aspects of the social licence for SMEs

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Lynch-Wood ◽  
David Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Environmental Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Compliance Behaviour

Purpose – This paper aims to examine social licence in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Social and economic actors can assist in protecting the environment by granting firms a social licence. The social licence is regarded as a regulatory trigger, which some claim can improve organisational practices and possibly induce beyond compliance behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses data from interviews with the owners and managers of 110 manufacturing SMEs. Findings – Social licence pressures are generally weak, while traditional regulation remains essential for encouraging and sustaining environmental activity. That said, the data show important differences across firms, for some SMEs are influenced by and responsive to social licence pressures. Typically, these pressures derive from stakeholders who pursue a relatively narrow self-interest (rather than public interest) mandate, and focus on particular issues rather than broader objectives of environmental responsibility. When responding to pressures, SMEs are likely to take specific and focused actions that address specific stakeholder concerns. Research limitations/implications – Fresh insights are provided into the social licence and smaller firms. Contrary to previous views, there are circumstances where the social licence provides a limited and tailored regulatory tool for initiating change, and it typically leads to firms making alterations to business practices that tend to be low-cost and easy to implement. The social licence can provide a consensual micro-social contract and limited public interest service, and, subject to supporting circumstances, it may be extendable to other types of smaller firms. Social implications – The paper presents fresh insights into the relationship between SMEs and social and economic stakeholders. Originality/value – The paper provides new insights into how relevant stakeholders can influence the environmental behaviour of small firms.

Economic (In)Equality and Democracy: The Political Economy of Poverty in Athens

2018 ◽  
pp. 344-375
Author(s):  
Claire Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the relationship between participatory democracy and poverty in democratic Athens. Drawing on recent debates within Greek history and the social sciences, it examines the relationship between the economic prosperity of Athens and its democratic system, with particular emphasis on the role of direct democracy in the amelioration of poverty. Social scientists have frequently argued that democracy has a greater chance of success in wealthier polities, an idea which appears to have some application to the ancient world: Athens, for example, was undoubtedly affluent, had experienced long-term economic growth, had high wages and robust democratic institutions. However, much of this literature also betrays an anti-democratic/anti-poor rhetoric surprisingly familiar to historians of Athenian democracy (the poor are authoritarian, they lack intelligence, and are only interested in rule for their own redistributive self-interest etc). It also ignores those who are poor, plays down their participation in politics or fails to account for relative (in)equalities. This chapter, therefore, uses the Athenian experience to explore how participatory democracy can be used as a tool for social flourishing to empower, enrich and improve the capabilities and well-being of the poor.

scholarly journals Beyond Egoism and Group Identity: Empathy toward the Other and Awareness of Others in a Social Dilemma

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Oceja ◽  
Isabel Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Interest Group ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Social Dilemma ◽  
The Other ◽  
Collective Good ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
New Process ◽  
Group Members

In three experiments, participants were faced with a social dilemma in which they could benefit themselves, the group, or other group members as individuals. The results showed that participants who felt high empathy toward a certain individual allocated more resources to the target of empathy, but without reducing the collective good. Then, we adapted the measure of empathy developed by Batson and colleagues (Batson, Ahmad, et al., 1999; Batson, Batson, et al., 1995) to the Spanish context. The results of Experiment 3 supported the existence of a new process: awareness of other individuals present in the social dilemma. It is proposed that this process is independent of those typically studied in research of this field: self-interest, group identification, and the empathy for a specific individual.

scholarly journals Good-enough Principles for Welfare

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
FIONA WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
New Right ◽  
Third Way ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Welfare Politics ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this article is to widen the grounds of the debate on the relationship between values, social change and welfare reform. In the public debate on welfare reform and the Third Way the significance of the welfare politics and campaigns of civil society in challenging the old welfare order has received little acknowledgement. The article argues that these politics and campaigns have, along with both the New Right and New Labour, attempted to construct a new vision of an ‘active welfare subject’. In the process they have also expanded the moral repertoire for understanding people's engagement with welfare beyond the self-interest/altruism dichotomy. The article uses this new repertoire to propose seven key principles for a reordering of the social relations of welfare.

scholarly journals A Linguistic Analysis of Translation Errors on Selected Public Notices in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Macharia Daniel Maina
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mediated Discourse ◽  
Translation Errors ◽  
The Relationship

This paper purposes to analyse translation errors in selected Kenyan public notices. Specifically, it examines how translation faults possess unique linguistic resources. There is an extensive existence of this genre countrywide albeit without proper academic scrutiny to further interrogate fundamental linguistic concepts therein. It involves the application of the Computer-Mediated Discourse Analysis (CMDA) which is unique to the analysis of this genre. Specifically, this research involves collecting data from the social media of the relevant public notices in Kenya.  Generally, twelve signage were analysed. The sampling procedure was done purposively to include the diversity of Kenya. To qualify, the data collected had to reflect translation blunders. Then, the data was analysed for linguistic resources. The data was presented using a table showing the relationship between the components sought. Consequently, the study enriched translational linguistics, evaluated textual analysis and critiqued the linguistic concepts of performance and competence. Additionally, it provided useful insights into the cognitive mechanisms used during humour production and understanding.

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