Costs and Benefits of Software Engineering in Product Development Environments

2011 ◽  
pp. 199-215
Author(s):  
Sorel Reisman
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Corporate Management ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Software Development Methodologies ◽  
New Software Development

The subject of this case is a computer-based cost-benefit forecasting model (CBFM), developed to investigate possible long-term effects of improved productivity from the use of modern software engineering. The primary purpose of the model was to generate comparative data to answer “what-if” questions posed by senior corporate management attempting to understand possible overall effects of introducing the new software development methodologies

scholarly journals Long-term Effects of Male Reading Tutors, Choice of Text and Computer-based Text on Boys’ Reading Achievement

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Laura Sokal
Keyword(s):  
Reading Achievement ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Struggling Readers ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Reading Tutors ◽  
Reading Materials ◽  
Computer Based

Sixty-two inner-city Canadian boys identified as struggling readers participated in a 22-week intervention that examined the effects of male reading tutors, computer-based texts, and choice of reading materials. Immediately after the intervention, boys demonstrated between-group changes to reader self-perceptions and gendered views of reading but no between-group differences in achievement. Two years after the intervention’s completion, the boys’ reading comprehension achievement scores were again examined and compared to 62 non-participating boys matched at the time of the study’s onset. Results showed no significant differences between the two groups. Of the boys who participated in the intervention, working with male reading tutors and with computer-based texts did not result in higher achievement than working with female reading tutors or with print-based texts. However, boys who were not given a choice in their reading materials demonstrated reading achievement six months ahead of the boys who were given a choice. 

The Long-Term Effects of Steroid Contraceptives

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Doll
Keyword(s):  
Editorial Note ◽  
London School ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Current Controversy ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Regius Professor

Editorial noteThe Twelfth Oliver Bird Lecture was delivered by Professor Richard Doll, Regius Professor of Medicine in the University of Oxford, at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine on 19th March 1970. This was the last lecture to be given under the auspices of the Oliver Bird Trust, an account of which starts on page 359. Professor Doll was formerly Director of the MRC Unit of Medical Statistics, in which capacity he had exceptional experience in assessing the significance of changes in the incidences of abnormal conditions. The subject of his lecture was therefore highly appropriate to his special knowledge, as well as to current controversy and to the series of Oliver Bird lectures. The Journal of Biosocial Science is glad to publish this authoritative exposition of a most important problem.

The use of operational research and systems analysis in decision making in Unilever

1977 ◽  
Vol 287 (1346) ◽  
pp. 487-492
Keyword(s):  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Operational Research ◽  
Financial Models ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Telecommunications Network ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Balance Of Interest ◽  
Wild Life

An organization as big as Unilever (1975 sales were £7000 million) needs to consider the balance of interest between shareholders, employees, customers, government and the environment. Many routine decisions are computerized and no longer of scientific interest. The talk will be concerned with some more complex problems. Decision trees are being used on investment and withdrawal problems. Systems analysis helps us to study the long-term effects of effluents on wild life in rivers. We have the world’s largest private telecommunications network so that managers can have access to current information and we have computer based financial models to enable us to explore the effects of decisions on cash and profit flows.

scholarly journals Glucosamine for Osteoarthritis: Biological Effects, Clinical Efficacy, and Safety on Glucose Metabolism

Arthritis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Salazar ◽  
Luis Bello ◽  
Mervin Chávez ◽  
Roberto Añez ◽  
Joselyn Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Degenerative Disorder ◽  
Methodological Aspects

Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disorder that currently represents one of the main causes of disability within the elderly population and an important presenting complaint overall. The pathophysiologic basis of osteoarthritis entails a complex group of interactions among biochemical and mechanical factors that have been better characterized in light of a recent spike in research on the subject. This has led to an ongoing search for ideal therapeutic management schemes for these patients, where glucosamine is one of the most frequently used alternatives worldwide due to their chondroprotective properties and their long-term effects. Its use in the treatment of osteoarthritis is well established; yet despite being considered effective by many research groups, controversy surrounds their true effectiveness. This situation stems from several methodological aspects which hinder appropriate data analysis and comparison in this context, particularly regarding objectives and target variables. Similar difficulties surround the assessment of the potential ability of glucosamine formulations to alter glucose metabolism. Nevertheless, evidence supporting diabetogenesis by glucosamine remains scarce in humans, and to date, this association should be considered only a theoretical possibility.

Long-term effects of a computer-based nutritional training program for inpatient hospital care

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Westergren ◽  
Ellinor Edfors ◽  
Erika Norberg ◽  
Anna Stubbendorff ◽  
Gita Hedin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Inpatient Hospital ◽  
Computer Based

scholarly journals Soil Amendments and Soil Profiling Impact on Macadamia Growth and Yield Performance

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-527
Author(s):  
Russell Galanti ◽  
Alyssa Cho ◽  
Amjad Ahmad ◽  
Theodore Radovich
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Effective Microorganisms

Macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia, Maiden & Betche) orchard management in Hawaii can result in the loss of organic matter and soil degradation. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of macadamia husk mulch, husk mulch combined with biochar, husk mulch combined with effective microorganisms (EM), soil profiling, and wood chip mulch on yield, nut quality, root growth, and SPAD values during a 1-year study of mature macadamia orchards at two locations in Hawaii. A partial cost–benefit analysis was performed to compare the costs and yield benefits of each treatment. Soil profiling resulted in higher yields than any other treatment, at a mean of 86.6 kg wet-in-husk per tree. No treatments significantly affected nut quality or dry kernel weight. Nut quality was affected by harvesting time, with the earliest harvesting (Aug. 2017) period resulting in the highest recovery rate of number 1 grade kernels (33%). SPAD values increased with the husk mulch combined with EM (6.5%) treatment and soil profiling treatment (6.9%). Husk combined with EM caused an 87% increase in total root biomass during the study period due to increased proteoid root biomass. The soil profiling treatment had the second lowest estimated cost per hectare and had the highest estimated partial profit per hectare. Soil profiling is a destructive management practice and should be used judiciously until its long-term effects on orchard health are studied. The inoculation of EM or sugar signaling may have been responsible for the proliferation of proteoid roots with the husk mulch and EM treatment.

scholarly journals Assessing the Long-Term Impact of Concussion upon Cognition: A 5-Year Prospective Investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Piantella ◽  
Stuart J McDonald ◽  
Paul Maruff ◽  
Bradley J Wright
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Prospective Design ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prospective Investigation

Abstract Objective Jockeys have high rates of concussion, with 5% of jockeys receiving at least one concussion annually. The impact of acute concussion upon cognition is well understood, but less is known about the long-term effects of concussion upon cognition. Our aim was to assess the impact of concussion upon jockeys who had provided pre-concussion assessments of cognition using a prospective design. Method In this study, over a 5-year period, we assessed the cognitive performance of jockeys with ≥1 medically diagnosed concussion (MDC; n = 17, months since concussion, M = 29.18), against those who had not been concussed (NC; n = 41). Jockeys who had not been concussed in the preceding 6 months completed four computer-based cognitive assessments from the CogSport battery. Results Unlike the majority of the small existing literature, there was no difference (p ≥ .05) between the MDC and NC groups after controlling for age and baseline performance. Additionally, we used a measure of reliable change to assess for clinically meaningful decrements from baseline in each test and composite score 5 years later. None of the jockeys in the MDC group recorded significant decrements on any CogSport measure from baseline (z > −1.65). Conclusions The findings suggest that the presence of concussion does not result in persistent decrements in cognitive performance and that when findings are considered collectively, assessing factors beyond medically diagnosed concussion (e.g., chronic stress, undiagnosed concussion) may improve the interpretation of our current findings.

scholarly journals The Creation of the Nahal Settlement Enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 68-93
Author(s):  
Nadav Fraenkel
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
Youth Movement ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Future State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Set Up

During the days of the British Mandate in Palestine, the leadership of the Hebrew Yishuv developed the concept of security settlements, i.e., settlements established on the frontier to provide security along the borders of the future state. The concept was put into practice with the Nahal (acronyms of Pioneer Youth Warrior) Brigade settlement enterprise which set up dozens of settlements from 1951 onwards. The first six settlements were founded by ‘lone’ soldiers: immigrants from Eastern Europe and Islamic countries, and natives who did not have a youth movement or pioneering background. The article offers an account of the creation of the Nahal settlement enterprise which adds to the existing research on the subject in two ways. Firstly, it identifies some of the stages in the historical process that have not as yet been adequately described. Secondly, contrary to existing research which claims that the attempt to integrate lone soldiers within the Nahal settlement enterprise failed and had no long-term effects, we argue that the integration achieved most of its goals.

scholarly journals Spinometric analysis of patient affected by scoliosis, treated with acupressure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Palandri
Keyword(s):  
Female Subject ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Double Curve ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Postural Analysis ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Introduction Much has been written about how the Traditional Chinese Medicine Meridians (TCMs) are closely related to Myofascial Chains (MCs) and then, as a logic consequence, to the Posture. However, there are still few studies that operatively verify these concepts by performing acupressure treatments (like Shiatsu) on subjects groups, of which is performed a postural analysis, before and after.The aim of the present work is to promote these studies, starting from a pilot one and analyzing results thereof.Materials and Methods The study, intended as a case report, enrolled a single, 12 year-old, female subject affected by double curve, low degree scoliosis for just a clinic confirmation, for 10 consecutive modules spaced about a week (range 5-10 days) from each other and consisting of a postural analysis before and after an acupressure treatment (Shiatsu) without time gaps between analysis and treatment. The analysis was made with a DIERS Formetric 4D.Results While observing selected parameters relating their pre- and post-treatment values, is is possible to understand how the lumbar arrow (LA) is systemically reduced, the cervical arrow (CA) is progressively ameliorated, the Antero-Posterior Flexion (APF) and the Hemipelvis Torsion (HT) are progressively harmonized.After all the performed treatment, the subject refers the perception of his psycho-emotional state, better than the initial one, even though it was already good or very good.Discussion The series of treatments has shown his efficiency in the variation of morpho-structural parameters in the acute. Due to its configuration, the study didn't consider long term effects, an interesting aspect to be investigated dedicated studies with bigger sample size.Conclusions From an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary perspective, the stimulation of "tsubo" according to the Fascial Neuromodulation model can represent a treatment integrated with the manipulation of peripheral entries in the correction of postural-type morpho-structural alterations.

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