Concepts, Technology, and Applications in E-Mentoring

Author(s):  
Ricardo Colomo-Palacios ◽  
Juan Miguel Gómez-Berbís ◽  
Angel Garcia-Crespo ◽  
Cristina Casado-Lumbreras

The so-called “Internet revolution” has dramatically changed the way people communicate and work nowadays. Attending to The Word Factbook developed by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), there are 1,018,057,389 Internet users in the world by 2005 (CIA, 2006). Fostering of the Internet revolution from a business perspective is out of question and the evergrowing number of Web functionalities has implied a significant and dramatic change in all business management areas. Within these areas, this revolution has not gone unnoticed, particularly for human resources management. Mentoring, which has been used as a tool for human capital development leverage in organizations has also been deeply impacted by the emergence and generalized use of Internet technologies giving birth to the so-called “e-mentoring.” The origins of the term must be looked for in Ancient Greece. In the Homer masterwork “Odyssey,” Ulysses, king of Ithaca, recommends mentor Alcímida his house, properties, and his son, Telemachus, education on leaving for the Troy War (traditionally dated from 1193 BC-1183 BC). Apart from the word ethimology, several modern disciplines literature (such as management, social psychology, sociology, or knowledge management) have provided with mentoring studies from the late seventies of the XX century, particularly, from the mid-nineties. As a consequence of the growing interest of the topic and its broad application in business ecosystems, thousands of definitions have popped up, trying to cover the semantics of the concept. Due to the aforementioned popularity of the concept, Friday and Green (2004) accomplish a re-conceptualization of the term stemming from a deep and detailed study about existing literature definitions. Subsequently, a definition for the mentoring concept is provided, aiming at being universal, following the authors goal: Mentoring is a guidance process that takes place between a mentor and a protégé (also known as mentee). Authors define similarly the mentor term as “wise and trusted counselor or teacher.”

2011 ◽  
pp. 627-634
Author(s):  
Ricardo Colomo-Palacios ◽  
Juan Miguel Gómez-Berbís ◽  
Angel Garcia-Crespo ◽  
Cristina Casado-Lumbreras

The so-called “Internet revolution” has dramatically changed the way people communicate and work nowadays. Attending to The Word Factbook developed by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), there are 1,018,057,389 Internet users in the world by 2005 (CIA, 2006). Fostering of the Internet revolution from a business perspective is out of question and the evergrowing number of Web functionalities has implied a significant and dramatic change in all business management areas. Within these areas, this revolution has not gone unnoticed, particularly for human resources management. Mentoring, which has been used as a tool for human capital development leverage in organizations has also been deeply impacted by the emergence and generalized use of Internet technologies giving birth to the so-called “e-mentoring.” The origins of the term must be looked for in Ancient Greece. In the Homer masterwork “Odyssey,” Ulysses, king of Ithaca, recommends mentor Alcímida his house, properties, and his son, Telemachus, education on leaving for the Troy War (traditionally dated from 1193 BC-1183 BC). Apart from the word ethimology, several modern disciplines literature (such as management, social psychology, sociology, or knowledge management) have provided with mentoring studies from the late seventies of the XX century, particularly, from the mid-nineties. As a consequence of the growing interest of the topic and its broad application in business ecosystems, thousands of definitions have popped up, trying to cover the semantics of the concept. Due to the aforementioned popularity of the concept, Friday and Green (2004) accomplish a re-conceptualization of the term stemming from a deep and detailed study about existing literature definitions. Subsequently, a definition for the mentoring concept is provided, aiming at being universal, following the authors goal: Mentoring is a guidance process that takes place between a mentor and a protégé (also known as mentee). Authors define similarly the mentor term as “wise and trusted counselor or teacher.”


2021 ◽  
pp. 263145412098211
Author(s):  
Dilip Soman

Marketing departments, governments and policymakers all around the world have increasingly started embracing the field of behavioural sciences in improving the design of products and services, enhancing communications, improving managerial decision-making, encouraging desired behaviour by stakeholders and, more generally, creating a human-centric marketplace. Within organisations, the human resources management (HRM) function is perhaps the one place that acknowledges that humans are central to the organisation’s success, so it is critical that HRM too actively embraces the insights and methods of behavioural sciences. In this article, I provide an overview of the behavioural sciences, discuss how HRM can benefit from an in-depth knowledge of the science and illustrate specific examples from recruitment processes, training and communications, incentive design, employee-oriented processes, and diversity and inclusion initiatives that could benefit from evidence from behavioural sciences.


1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
John F. Clark

Both continuity and change capture the evolving role of the Clinton White House in the formulation and implementation of U.S. foreign policy toward Africa. Elements of continuity are reflected in a familiar pattern of relationships between the White House and the principal foreign policy bureaucracies, most notably the U.S. State Department, the U.S. Department of Defense (Pentagon), the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and more recently the U.S. Department of Commerce. As cogently argued in Peter J. Schraeder’s analysis of U.S. foreign policy toward Africa during the Cold War era, the White House has tended to take charge of U.S. African policies only in those relatively rare situations perceived as crises by the president and his closest advisors. In other, more routine situations—the hallmark of the myriad of U.S. African relations—the main foreign policy bureaucracies have been at the forefront of policy formulation, and “bureaucratic dominance” of the policymaking process has prevailed. Much the same pattern is visible in the Clinton administration, with the exception of President Clinton’s trip to Africa in 1998. Until that time, events in Somalia in 1993 served as the only true African crisis of the administration that was capable of focusing the ongoing attention of President Clinton and his closest advisors. Given that the United States is now disengaged from most African crises, Africa has remained a “backwater” for the White House and the wider foreign policymaking establishment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
El Hadji Mbaye

Worldwide, one in eight deaths is due to cancer. Projections based on the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates predict a substantive increase new cancer cases per year by 2035 in developing countries if preventive measures are not widely applied. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of lives could be saved each year if countries made use of existing knowledge and the best cost-effective methods to prevent and treat cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate a provisional budget against cancer in low and middle incomes countries, according the GNI-PPP, the cancer incidence and the number of population. Economically country classification is determining with the Gross national income (GNI), per capita, Purchasing power parity (PPP), according the administrations of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Cancer incidence data presented are based on the most recent data available at IARC. However, population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census. The provisional budget is establishing among the guidelines developed by WHO for regional and national cancer control programs according to national economic development. Provisional budget against cancer is estimated to 12,782.535 (thousands of U.S $) for a population of 5,918,919 persons in Eritrea.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
El Hadji Mbaye

Worldwide, one in eight deaths is due to cancer. Projections based on the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates predict a substantive increase new cancer cases per year by 2035 in developing countries if preventive measures are not widely applied. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of lives could be saved each year if countries made use of existing knowledge and the best cost-effective methods to prevent and treat cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate a provisional budget against cancer in low and middle incomes countries, according the GNI-PPP, the cancer incidence and the number of population. Economically country classification is determining with the Gross national income (GNI), per capita, Purchasing power parity (PPP), according the administrations of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Cancer incidence data presented are based on the most recent data available at IARC. However, population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census. The provisional budget is establishing among the guidelines developed by WHO for regional and national cancer control programs according to national economic development. Provisional budget against cancer is estimated to 86,980.024 (thousands of U.S $) for a population of 83,301,151 persons in Congo, Democratic Republic.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
El Hadji Seydou Mbaye ◽  

Worldwide, one in eight deaths is due to cancer. Projections based on the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates predict a substantive increase new cancer cases per year by 2035 in developing countries if preventive measures are not widely applied. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of lives could be saved each year if countries made use of existing knowledge and the best cost-effective methods to prevent and treat cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate a provisional budget against cancer in low and middle incomes countries, according the GNI-PPP, the cancer incidence and the number of population. Economically country classification is determining with the Gross national income (GNI), per capita, Purchasing power parity (PPP), according the administrations of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Cancer incidence data presented are based on the most recent data available at IARC. However, population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census. The provisional budget is establishing among the guidelines developed by WHO for regional and national cancer control programs according to national economic development. Provisional budget against cancer is estimated to 352,278.784 (thousands of U.S $) for a population of 47,615,739 persons in Kenya


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-124
Author(s):  
Andrea Scionti

This article examines the nature and significance of the activities carried out in France and Italy by the Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF), an international organization that was secretly funded by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency to support anti-Communist intellectuals, including those on the left end of the political spectrum. These two West European countries, with their large and politically influential Communist parties, were central to the CCF's work in Europe. The organization's task was complicated by domestic concerns and traditions that forced local intellectuals to stress their autonomy from the CCF International Secretariat and its U.S. patrons. The article uses the cultural Cold War and the competing interpretations of anti-Communism and cultural freedom within the CCF as a lens to explore the limits of U.S. influence and persuasion among the intellectual classes of Europe. By repeatedly asserting their independence and agency, the French and Italian members of the CCF helped redefine the character and limits of U.S. cultural diplomacy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Anastasiu ◽  
Ovidiu Gavriş ◽  
Dorin Maier

This article argues for adapting Porter’s Five Forces Model to strategic human resources management. The world business environment is facing real challenges: Shortage of talents, ageing of the world population, and disappearance of repetitive jobs. For a sustainable approach, the quality and stability of human capital should be analyzed strategically, based on the influence of five forces which act in the market: Competition in the industrial sector between specialists with core competencies (rivalry), demands of the hiring companies in terms of the number of employees and updated skills (organizations as buyers), recruitment companies and schools (suppliers), effects of globalization on people’s migration (new entrants), and modern technologies and innovation (substitutes). The stronger the forces are, the harder it will be for the organization to select or retain valuable employees who will add value to products/services. Actual and future employees should analyze the intensity of these forces when they plan to prepare for jobs or change their career. This analysis was focused mainly on the manufacturing sector, where jobs based on repetitive or dangerous tasks may disappear in time.


Author(s):  
David P. Hadley

This work examines the relationships that developed between the domestic U.S. press and the Central Intelligence Agency, from the foundation of the agency in 1947 to the first major congressional investigation of the U.S. intelligence system in 1975–1976. The press environment in which the CIA developed had important consequences for the types of activities the agency undertook, and after some initial difficulties the CIA enjoyed a highly favorable press environment in its early years. The CIA did, on occasion, attempt to use reporters operationally and spread propaganda around the world. This work argues, however, that a more important factor in the generally positive press environment that the early CIA enjoyed was the social relationships that developed between members of the press, especially management, and members of the agency. Common ties of elite education, wartime service, and a shared view of the danger of communism allowed the agency both to conduct a variety of activities without exposure in the United States, and to protect itself from oversight and establish its place in the U.S. national security bureaucracy. Even during the height of cooperative ties, however, there were those in the press critical of the CIA and others who, even if cooperating, were wary of agency activities. Over time, these countertrends increased as the Cold War consensus frayed, and press attention led to sustained investigation of the Central Intelligence Agency in the infamous Year of Intelligence, 1975–1976.


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