Business-to-Business Networks

Business Networks ◽

Organizational Boundaries ◽

Workflow Systems ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Other Information ◽

Trading Partners ◽

Share Data ◽

Business To Business

Business-to-business networks in a broadest sense are inter-organizational systems (IOSs). In the literature, the term IOSs and inter-organizational information systems (IOISs) are often used interchangeably. An inter-organizational system (IOS) is an information and management system that transcends organizational boundaries via electronic linkages with its trading partners to share data, information, and business applications. It provides the capabilities of electronic transactions including buying and selling goods and services, and also facilitates communications and decision making to increase efficiency, effectiveness, competitiveness, and profitability for participating organizations. The electronic linkage is established by the Internet, extranets, intranets, groupware, electronic data interchange (EDI), workflow systems, mobile communication technologies, and other information and communication technologies.

Information Technology Infrastructure for Inter-Organizational Systems

Inter-Organizational Information Systems in the Internet Age ◽

10.4018/978-1-59140-318-0.ch004 ◽

2005 ◽

pp. 76-98

Author(s):

Sean B. Eom ◽

Choong Kwon Lee

Keyword(s):

Intelligent Agents ◽

Technology Infrastructure ◽

Organizational Boundaries ◽

Information Technology Infrastructure ◽

Core Technology ◽

Trading Partners ◽

Monitoring Technologies

An IOS is an information and management system that transcends organizational boundaries via electronic linkages with its trading partners. The electronic linkage is established by information and communication technologies. Extranets1 are the core technology for building IOSs. There are a host of other technologies that serve as the infrastructure for managing IOSs. They include coordination technologies, monitoring technologies, filtering and negotiating technologies (intelligent agents), and decision-making and knowledge-management technologies. In this chapter, a brief overview of each of these technologies is presented.

Upotreba interneta u obrazovanju odraslih: istorijsko-organizaciona perspektiva

Obrazovanje odraslih/Adult Education ◽

10.53617/issn2744-2047.2017.17.1_2.35 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 35-52

Author(s):

Bojan Ljuijić

Keyword(s):

Adult Education ◽

Computer Network ◽

The Internet ◽

Other Information ◽

Educational Computer ◽

Internet In Education ◽

Historical Periods

Beside the fact that the Internet was not primarily educational network (it didn’t emerge from the intention to be systematically used in the field of education), shortly after it emerged, possibilities of its application in education were recognised. This paper is dedicated to analysis of the most important chronological moments (technological and social in the first place) that were crucial in sense of comprehensive application of the Internet in service of education in general, but also in service of adult education. Having all mentioned in focus, in more details, we analysed emergence and development of the Internet observed as educational computer network in frame of general development of information and communication technologies. While realising mentioned analysis, our focus was on four historical periods of educational computer technologies. We also intended to emphasize the activities of international institutions that followed, encouraged and supported the development of the Internet use and the use of other information and communication technologies in the field of education. According to that, we distinguished the main moments referring activities of these organisations which describe in the best manner their contributions to growing application of the Internet in education in general, but also in adult education.

ICT Considerations for a Municipality in South Africa

Electronic Government ◽

10.4018/978-1-59904-947-2.ch085 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 1158-1170

Author(s):

Udo Averweg ◽

Siyabonga Manyanga

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Data Gathering ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Ict Adoption ◽

Internet Networks ◽

Transfer Of Information

The availability of publicly accessible Internet networks and services are the first prerequisite in ensuring that all citizens and nations can benefit from information on the World Wide Web (UNESCO, 2003). Information and communication technologies (ICT) are playing an increasingly important role in the daily lives of citizens, revolutionising work and leisure and changing the rules of doing business. ICT encompass all technologies that facilitate the processing and transfer of information and communication services (United Nations, 2002). In the realm of government, ICT applications are promising to enhance the delivery of public goods and services to citizens not only by improving the process and management of government but also by redefining the traditional concepts of citizenship and democracy (Pascual, 2003). The spread of ICT brings hope that governments can transform (Pacific Council on International Policy, 2002). This article is organised as follows: • Background to the research is given • ICT adoption in the eThekwini Municipality in South Africa is described • The research goals, method, data gathering, and results are discussed • Management implications towards implementing a successful e-government strategy are given • Future trends are then suggested and a conclusion is given

Knowledge Management in Supply Chain Networks

Knowledge Management ◽

10.4018/978-1-59904-933-5.ch075 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 912-920

Author(s):

Dolphy M. Abraham ◽

Linda Leon

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Management ◽

Supply Chain ◽

Organizational Learning ◽

Knowledge Sharing ◽

Business Processes ◽

Business Networks ◽

Business Organizations ◽

Organizational Boundaries ◽

Supply Chain Networks ◽

Other Information

This article reviews current research and practice of knowledge management (KM) and inter-organizational learning in supply chain networks. Knowledge management is the organizational process for acquiring, organizing, and communicating the knowledge of individual employees so that the work of the organization becomes more effective (Alavi & Leidner, 1999). Knowledge management is an increasingly important process in business organizations because “managing human intellect—and converting it into useful products and services—is fast becoming the critical executive skill of the age” (Quinn, Anderson & Finkelstein, 1998). Grover and Davenport (2001) state that KM becomes “an integral business function” when organizations “realize that competitiveness hinges on effective management of intellectual resources.” Grover and Davenport also argue that knowledge management works best when it is carried out by all the employees of the organization and not just KM specialists. Business organizations frequently partner with other firms to complement their core competencies. To collaborate effectively, partner firms have to communicate with each other information about business processes as well as share ideas of how to design or improve business processes. This phenomenon of knowledge sharing across organizational boundaries is called inter-organizational learning (Argote, 1999). Knowledge management, we posit, is necessary to facilitate inter-organizational learning and direct it in a way that supports the organization’s overall objectives. Supply chain systems are an example of business networks. Supply chains involve not only multiple corporate entities but also organizational units within a single organization. We present practices used in business organizations and networks of businesses to manage the information and knowledge sharing processes using the context of supply chain systems.

Scales and Dynamics in Outsourcing

Encyclopedia of Networked and Virtual Organizations ◽

10.4018/978-1-59904-885-7.ch184 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 1399-1406

Author(s):

Iva Miranda Pires ◽

Torunn Kvinge

Keyword(s):

Eastern Europe ◽

Great Degree ◽

Offshore Outsourcing ◽

Institutional Changes ◽

Skilled Labor ◽

New Markets ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Information And Communication

Outsourcing is used to describe the situation where a firm decides to subcontract assembly and/or service functions to an external supplier, either locally or abroad. When activities are subcontracted abroad, the term offshore outsourcing often applies. While offshore assembling activities have taken place for some time, the phenomenon of outsourcing services abroad is quite new. Several factors have contributed to these altered circumstances. First, the development of information and communication technologies (ICT) implies that services can, to a great degree, also be located at arm’s length or elsewhere in the flat world (Friedman, 2005). Second, institutional changes have opened access to new markets for goods and services as well as skilled labor, for instance in Eastern Europe and China. Third, the increased competition through globalization pushes firms to adapt quickly to new contexts and to achieve efficiency in order to maintain competitiveness.

Handbook of Research on Global Challenges for Improving Public Services and Government Operations - Advances in Public Policy and Administration ◽

Citizen Participation in Public Administration

10.4018/978-1-7998-4978-0.ch005 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 72-93

Author(s):

Veronika Linhartova

Keyword(s):

Public Sector ◽

Public Goods ◽

Public Administration ◽

Citizen Participation ◽

Goods And Services ◽

New Concepts ◽

Decision Making Processes

The aim of the chapter is to evaluate the citizens involvement in contemporary public administration, especially in the Czech Republic. New concepts of governance and management of public sector organizations enable providing new or improved public goods and services that better meet consumer´s needs. These concepts also represent reformed or new approaches to governance with increased citizen participation. Public administration responds to dynamic changes in information and communication technologies and their maturity and uses them in the framework of e-government. Thanks to the implementation of e-government, citizens have become more knowledgeable, able to participate in decision-making processes, thus automatically becoming co-producers of public goods or services. This approach to public good and service delivery describes modern public sector management theories as co-creation. Although co-creation is an entirely new concept in some countries, various forms of public participation are becoming increasingly important worldwide and can be expected to continue in the future.

An Empirical Investigation of Internet Users' Perceptions towards National and International e-Shops

International Journal of E-Adoption ◽

10.4018/ijea.2015070104 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 45-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vaggelis Saprikis

Keyword(s):

Shopping Behavior ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Cross Border ◽

Internet Users ◽

Costly Communication ◽

Online Stores ◽

Shed Light

Nowadays, the broad Internet utilization and the advancement of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have greatly changed the way goods and services are bought and sold. As a consequence, even more online users prefer not only to shop online, but also purchase abroad taking advantage of Internet's limitless feature. Thus, technology's success has stimulated the process of cross-border e-shopping, allowing fast, less costly communication, as well as access to a wider variety of goods and services. The purpose of this consumer-oriented approach paper is to examine the perceptions of Greek Internet users concerning e-shops. In specific, it aims to reveal if there are differences on users' perceptions regarding Greek versus international e-shops, as even more individuals visit non-domestic online stores for their e-purchases. Hence, it provides tangible results to an under-explored area of online shopping and shed light on the difficulty of understanding important aspects of e-shopping behavior; presenting vital implications to both academia and practitioners.

Training for E-Commerce Success in SMEs

Managing Information Technology in Small Business ◽

10.4018/978-1-930708-35-8.ch019 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 334-348

Author(s):

Yanqing Duan ◽

Roisin Mullins ◽

David Hamblin

Keyword(s):

Business Performance ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Skills Shortage ◽

Set Up ◽

Medium Enterprises

Rapid developments in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), such as electronic commerce (e-commerce), have revolutionized the way that business is conducted. E-commerce refers to the process of buying and selling goods and services electronically involving transactions using Internet, network, and other digital technology. It offers companies tremendous opportunities to improve their business performance in new and innovative ways. However, its huge potential benefit would only be realized by capable managers who can deal with these emerging technologies and implement them wisely. A skills shortage has been categorized as one of the challenges facing global e-commerce by Bingi and Khamalah (2000). The demand for highly knowledgeable and skilled managers and workloads places enormous pressure upon companies to improve or update their current knowledge and skills. This is particularly important in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) as compared with their larger counterparts, as they are often described as “lacking the expertise needed to set up the technologies necessary, despite having a great deal to gain from doing so” (Anonymous, 1998).

Latent segmentation in business-to-business based on information and communication technology and relationship variables

Tourism Economics ◽

10.1177/1354816616654829 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 460-468 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maria Fuentes-Blasco ◽

Beatriz Moliner-Velázquez ◽

Irene Gil-Saura

Keyword(s):

Tourist Industry ◽

Segmentation Analysis ◽

Travel Agencies ◽

Relationship Benefits ◽

The Relationship ◽

Business To Business ◽

Different Levels

Our work is focused on the segmentation analysis in the Spanish tourist industry. Using a sample of travel agencies who evaluated the relationship with their main supplier (relationship value, relationship benefits and perceived information and communication technologies (ICTs) use), we attempt to examine the utility of these variables as specific and subjective segmentation criteria for identifying heterogeneous groups. The estimation of a finite mixture model suggests that these bases are able to discriminate firms into six latent classes with different levels of ICT use and relationship variables. The novelty in this work lies in the application of latent segmentation methodology and the simultaneous use of bases associated with ICT and relationship variables in business-to-business tourism.

Selected aspects of e-business development

Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) ◽

10.17221/5039-agricecon ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 52 (No. 8) ◽

pp. 385-388

Author(s):

K. Hennyeová

Keyword(s):

International Business ◽

Business Processes ◽

Strong Impact ◽

Business Services ◽

Policy Objective ◽

Business To Consumer ◽

Business To Business

The enhanced use of information and communication technologies (ICT) has a strong impact on business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C) relationships as well as the way the key business processes are conducted. It can save costs and time, enable businesses to reach a wider market and to respond more quickly to the customer demands. These benefits open up new ways of doing international business. The policy objective is to encourage the integration of e-business into normal business by promoting the take-up of e-business services. Information and communication technologies are necessary to be seen as a tool for the increase of prosperity and competitiveness.  