Web Design Based on User Browsing Patterns

2011 ◽  
pp. 2074-2079
Author(s):  
Yinghui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Navigation Data ◽  
Information Scent ◽  
Site Search ◽  
User Expectations ◽  
Corporate Web Sites ◽  
Search For Information

It is hard to organize a website such that pages are located where users expect to find them. Consider a visitor to an e-Commerce website in searching for a scanner. There are two ways he could find information he is looking for. One is to use the search function provided by the website. The other one is to follow the links on the website. This chapter focuses on the second case. Will he click on the link “Electronics” or “Computers” to find the scanner? For the website designer, should the scanner page be put under Electronics, Computers or both? This problem occurs across all kinds of websites, including B2C shops, B2B marketplaces, corporate web-sites and content websites. Through web usages mining, we can automatically discover pages in a website whose location is different from where users expect to find them. This problem of matching website organization with user expectations is pervasive across most websites. Since web users are heterogeneous, the question is essentially how to design a website so that majority of the users find it easy to navigate. Here, we focus on the problem of browsing within a single domain/web site (search engines are not involved since it’s a totally different way of finding information on a web site.) There are numerous reasons why users fail to find the information they are looking for when browse on a web site. Here in this chapter, we focus on the following reason. Users follow links when browsing online. Information scent guides them to select certain links to follow in search for information. If the content is not located where the users expect it to be, the users will fail to find it. How we analyze web navigation data to identify such user browsing patterns and use them to improve web design is an important task.

Web Site Mobilization Techniques

2019 ◽  
pp. 1837-1845
Author(s):  
John Christopher Sandvig
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Laptop Computers ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Desktop Computers ◽  
Physical Limitations ◽  
User Friendly

Mobile-friendly websites are designed to render well on all digital devices, including smartphones, desktop computers, laptop computers, and tablets. Creating a user-friendly experience on mobile devices requires specific web design techniques. These techniques are designed to accommodate the small screens and other physical limitations of mobile devices. This chapter describes the three primary techniques for creating mobile-friendly web sites: responsive, separate URL, and server adaptive. It explains how each technique is implemented, the advantages and disadvantages of each, and their relative popularity. It also describes an emerging mobile technique called accelerated mobile pages.

The Ethics of Web Design

2008 ◽  
pp. 3410-3429
Author(s):  
Jack S. Cook ◽  
Laura Cook
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Web Site ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Web Accessibility ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Issue ◽  
Accessibility Issues ◽  
Web Designers ◽  
Complete Access

Web accessibility is really not a technological issue but rather a cultural problem. A Web site is said to be Web accessible if anyone, regardless of capabilities or disabilities, using any kind of Web browsing technology to visit the site has full and complete access to the site’s content and has the ability to interact with the site if required. If properly planned from the start, a Web site can be functional, accessible and aesthetically pleasing. This chapter focuses on ensuring access to information available on the Internet. The overall objective is to increase awareness of Web accessibility issues by providing rationale for why Web designers should be interested in creating accessible sites. Specifically, this chapter identifies some of the emerging digital barriers to accessibility encountered by those with disabilities. Current efforts to address these barriers legally are identified and their effectiveness for breaking down barriers is discussed. The World Wide Web Consortium’s (W3C’s) Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) is discussed, followed by a study of the 50 most visited Web sites. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the importance of this topic and future developments.

A Service Oriented Ontological Framework for the Semantic Validation of Web Accessibility

2011 ◽  
pp. 522-540
Author(s):  
Rui Lopes ◽  
Konstantinos Votis ◽  
Luís Carriço ◽  
Spiridon Likothanassis ◽  
Dimitrios Tzovaras
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Web Accessibility ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Accessibility Guidelines ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Ontological Framework

The Web serves as the principal mediator for information sharing and communication on a worldwide scale. Its highly decentralized nature affords a scale free growth, where each endpoint (i.e., Web site) is created and maintained independently. Web designers and developers have the onus of making sure that users can interact without accessibility problems. However, coping with users with disabilities poses challenges on how to ensure that a Web site is accessible for any kind of user. When (and if) this is done, designers and developers do it in a post-hoc way, (i.e., verify and tweak Web sites according to guidelines such as WCAG). In this Chapter the authors present SWAF, the Semantic Web Accessibility Framework, a base framework for supporting the integration of accessibility services into Web design and development processes. SWAF affords both tailoring accessibility to user needs and specifying the semantic validation of accessibility guidelines in different application situations.

A Proposed Template for the Evaluation of Web Design Strategies

2009 ◽  
pp. 293-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Xanthidis ◽  
David Nicholas ◽  
Paris Argyrides
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Web Design ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Web

This chapter is the result of a two years effort to design a template aiming at standardizing, as much as such a task is feasible, the evaluation of Web sites. It is the product of a few publications in international conferences and journals. A thorough review of the international literature on the subject led the authors to conclude there is a very large number of opinions, thoughts and criteria from different professionals involved, directly or indirectly, with the process of designing a good Web site. To make matters even more complicated there are a number of different terms used by various scholars, scientists and professionals around the world that often refer to similar, if not the same, attributes of a Web site. However, it seems that all these differences could boil down to a systematic approach, here called evaluation template, of 53 points that the design strategies of the Web sites should be checked against. This template was tested on a significant number (232) of Web sites of Greek companies and proved it can be used to evaluate the quality of Web sites not only by technology experts but by non-experts alike. The evaluation template, suggested here, is by no means the solution to the problem of standardizing the process of evaluating a Web site but looking at other work done on the subject worldwide it is a step ahead.

Toward an HCI Theory of Cultural Cognition

2006 ◽  
pp. 609-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Faiola
Keyword(s):  
Web Site ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Web Site Design ◽  
Site Design ◽  
Increasing Demand

With the increasing demand for global communication between countries, it is imperative that we understand the importance of national culture in human communication on the World Wide Web (WWW). As we consider the vast array of differences in the way we think, behave, assign value, and interact with others, culture becomes a focal point in research of online communication. More than ever, culture has become an important human-computer interaction (HCI) issue, because it impacts both the substance and the vehicle of communication via communication technologies. Global economics and information delivery is leading to even greater diversification among individuals and groups of users who employ the WWW as a key resource for accessing information and purchasing products. Companies will depend more on the Internet as an integral component of their communication infrastructure. With a shift toward online services for information, business professionals have identified international Web usability as an increasingly relevant area of HCI research. What must be addressed are the cultural factors surrounding Web site design. Specifically argued is that culture is a discernible variable in international Web site design, and as such, should better accommodate global users who seek to access online information or products. There are still many unresolved questions regarding cross-cultural HCI and communication and the delivery of information via the Web. To date, there has been no significant connection made between culture context and cognition, cross-cultural Web design, and related issues of HCI. This correlation is relevant for identifying new knowledge in cross-cultural Web design theory and practice.

scholarly journals Critical Analysis of Hematology and Oncology Fellowship Web Sites in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. e439-e446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack H. Ruddell ◽  
Shaan A. Ahmed ◽  
Oliver Y. Tang ◽  
Fred J. Schiffman ◽  
Matthew I. Quesenberry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Web Site ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Pass Rates ◽  
Board Examination ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Fellowship Programs ◽  
Current Content ◽  
And Training

PURPOSE:Prospective hematology-oncology fellowship applicants use program Web sites as a critical source of information. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current content and comprehensiveness of hematology-oncology fellowship Web sites and to identify specific areas for improvement.METHODS:This study assessed the presence of 27 commonly evaluated program and application and curriculum and training informational items for Web sites of all accredited hematology-oncology fellowship programs in 2018. The comprehensiveness score was calculated as the number of items present on a fellowship Web site out of 27 and was compared by program region and size using analysis of variance and two-tailed t tests.RESULTS:Of the 143 fellowship Web sites evaluated, the mean comprehensiveness score was 39.3% (10.6 ± 3.8 out of 27). Programs contained a mean of 42.1% (5.9 ± 2.3 out of 14) of program and application and 36.2% (4.7 ± 2.1 out of 13) of curriculum and training items. The program and application items most common among Web sites were program coordinator contact and faculty listing (83.2% and 74.1% of Web sites, respectively), whereas social events and salary and benefits were less common (31.5% and 20.3% of Web sites, respectively). Prevalent curriculum and training items were research publications and activity and rotation scheduling (86.0% and 81.1% of Web sites, respectively), whereas board examination pass rates and fellow call duties were uncommon (4.2% and 15.4% of Web sites, respectively). Large programs were associated with greater overall Web site items compared with small programs (43.0% [11.6 ± 4.1 out of 27] v 35.9% [9.7 ± 3.3 out of 27]; P = .003).CONCLUSION:Hematology-oncology fellowship Web sites vary considerably in the level and nature of content they contain. Because applicants rely on online information for decision making, more comprehensive online content may promote a better fit between program and applicant. There is room for improvement in hematology-oncology fellowship Web sites, and programs may consider directing resources toward enhancing these Web sites.

A Service Oriented Ontological Framework for the Semantic Validation of Web Accessibility

2010 ◽  
pp. 49-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Lopes ◽  
Konstantinos Votis ◽  
Luís Carriço ◽  
Spiridon Likothanassis
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Accessibility Guidelines ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Ontological Framework ◽  
Web Designers

The Web serves as the principal mediator for information sharing and communication on a worldwide scale. Its highly decentralized nature affords a scale free growth, where each endpoint (i.e., Web site) is created and maintained independently. Web designers and developers have the onus of making sure that users can interact without accessibility problems. However, coping with users with disabilities poses challenges on how to ensure that a Web site is accessible for any kind of user. When (and if) this is done, designers and developers do it in a post-hoc way, (i.e., verify and tweak Web sites according to guidelines such as WCAG). In this Chapter the authors present SWAF, the Semantic Web AccessibilityFramework, a base framework for supporting the integration of accessibility services into Web design and development processes. SWAF affords both tailoring accessibility to user needs and specifying the semantic validation of accessibility guidelines in different application situations.

Relevance and Usefulness of Corporate Web Site Disclosure Practices

2011 ◽  
pp. 316-333
Author(s):  
Ram S. Sriram ◽  
Indrarini Laksmana
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Operating Performance ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Corporate Web Sites ◽  
Performance Research

We investigate whether corporations are following the “best disclosure practices” when presenting business reports on their Web sites. As a benchmark, we use the recommendations made by the Jenkins Committee (1994) to evaluate disclosures on corporate Web sites for value, relevance, and quality of information. We compute a disclosure score using 26 items recommended by the Jenkins Committee and Meek, Roberts, and Gray (1995) as indicators of best reporting practices. Our findings reveal that most corporations do not follow “best disclosure practices” when reporting information on their Web sites. Only about half of the 26 disclosure items recommended by the Jenkins Committee are reported, and less than 50% of the sample firms in our study make such disclosure. Some of the items that the Jenkins Committee recommends as essential for improving quality and relevance of reporting, such as forward-looking information (e.g., plans, opportunities and risks, forecasts, critical success factors), nonfinancial items (e.g., changes in operating performance, research and development activities), or offbalance-sheet financing, are least often reported. The findings suggest that corporations must improve their Web site disclosures for investors to find them valuable, relevant, and useful.

Toward a purposeful design strategy for visually impaired Web users

First Monday ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Barpanda ◽  
Jared Reyes ◽  
Rakesh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perceived Complexity ◽  
The Web

The central premise of this research is the belief that using the Web non-visually is cognitively burdensome and tedious due to its complex, sight-centered design. There exists a literature gap on visually impaired (VI) users’ perceptions and experiences regarding Web site complexity. This paper reports the findings from a survey of 50 visually impaired individuals regarding perceived complexity and usability of a popular shopping Web site and its less complex version. Results show that significant gains in usability could be achieved by reducing complexity in Web design. A theoretical model of perceived complexity and associated propositions are presented to guide future research on improving the VI user experience of Web sites and Web applications.

A Service Oriented Ontological Framework for the Semantic Validation of Web Accessibility

2011 ◽  
pp. 388-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Lopes ◽  
Konstantinos Votis ◽  
Luís Carriço ◽  
Spiridon Likothanassis
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Accessibility Guidelines ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Ontological Framework ◽  
Web Designers

The Web serves as the principal mediator for information sharing and communication on a worldwide scale. Its highly decentralized nature affords a scale free growth, where each endpoint (i.e., Web site) is created and maintained independently. Web designers and developers have the onus of making sure that users can interact without accessibility problems. However, coping with users with disabilities poses challenges on how to ensure that a Web site is accessible for any kind of user. When (and if) this is done, designers and developers do it in a post-hoc way, (i.e., verify and tweak Web sites according to guidelines such as WCAG). In this Chapter the authors present SWAF, the Semantic Web AccessibilityFramework, a base framework for supporting the integration of accessibility services into Web design and development processes. SWAF affords both tailoring accessibility to user needs and specifying the semantic validation of accessibility guidelines in different application situations.

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