Towards Achieving Semantic Interoperability In eHealth Services

2013 ◽  
pp. 388-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Taweel ◽  
Brendan Delaney ◽  
Stuart Speedie
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Semantic Interoperability ◽  
Data Governance ◽  
Ehealth Services ◽  
Domain Ontologies ◽  
The Right ◽  
Clinical Domain ◽  
Knowledge Services

One common and primary vision of eHealth is to achieve seamless interoperability between eHealth systems to enable the delivery of the right information about the right patient to the right person at the right time. However, the high sensitivity of the clinical domain and the vast differences in eHealth systems pose a great interoperability challenge for solutions that rely solely on prior knowledge of common interoperability standards will not sufficiently scale. This chapter presents a service-based approach that utilises domain ontologies combined with extensible problem models, enriched with domain terminology and knowledge services to enable autonomous data governance and semantic interoperability. The chapter addresses the resulting requirements and proposes a solution outlining the results from the prototype of the approach.

Semantic Interoperability-Enabled Architecture for Connected Health Services

2016 ◽  
pp. 246-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Taweel
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Semantic Interoperability ◽  
Data Governance ◽  
Connected Health ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Domain Models ◽  
Large Heterogeneity

With the increasing availability of connected health organisations, key medical information is expected to be accessible at the point of care. However, the high sensitivity of the clinical data and the large heterogeneity in health information systems pose a great interoperability challenge, including solutions that rely solely on the use of data exchange standards. Due to low adoption of these standards, such solutions will not sufficiently scale to achieve this objective. This chapter presents a service-based approach that utilises domain models combined with extensible problem models, enriched with domain terminology and knowledge services to enable autonomous data governance and semantic interoperability. The chapter addresses the resulting requirements, describes the proposed a solution and reports the results from the prototype of the approach.

Semantic Interoperability-Enabled Architecture for Connected Health Services

2020 ◽  
pp. 500-515
Author(s):  
Adel Taweel
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Semantic Interoperability ◽  
Data Governance ◽  
Connected Health ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Domain Models ◽  
Large Heterogeneity

With the increasing availability of connected health organisations, key medical information is expected to be accessible at the point of care. However, the high sensitivity of the clinical data and the large heterogeneity in health information systems pose a great interoperability challenge, including solutions that rely solely on the use of data exchange standards. Due to low adoption of these standards, such solutions will not sufficiently scale to achieve this objective. This chapter presents a service-based approach that utilises domain models combined with extensible problem models, enriched with domain terminology and knowledge services to enable autonomous data governance and semantic interoperability. The chapter addresses the resulting requirements, describes the proposed a solution and reports the results from the prototype of the approach.

scholarly journals Application of the Modified Вagolini Test in the Diagnosis of Binocular Vision Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-441
Author(s):  
S. I. Rychkova ◽  
V. G. Likhvantseva
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Functional Correction ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
The Right

The work is devoted to one of the most actual problems of current strabismology — the development of effective ways to study binocular vision.The purpose — to study the effectiveness of the developed modification of the Bagolini test in the diagnostics of binocular disorders.Patients and methods. 240 patients with non-paralytic strabismus aged from 6 to 17 (on average 10.8 ± 0.24) years were observed. There were 190 patients with converging strabismus and 50 patients with diverging strabismus. The control group consisted of 180 children aged also from 6 to 17 (on average 10.9 ± 0.3) years without ophthalmopathology. All children were examined for the character of vision using a Worth-test, the classic Bagolini test (CTB), and the developed modified Bagolini test (MTB). If the patient has a strabismus angle, the study was performed in two variants: without prismatic deviation compensation (under the subjective angle of strabismus — SU) and under full prismatic compensation (under the objective angle of strabismus — OU). For qualitative assessment of binocular vision with MTB, static presentation of the test image was used, for quantitative assessment — alternating (alternate presentation of details corresponding to the right and left eyes).Results. The qualitative evaluation data obtained with the help of MTB made it possible to differentiate patients with non-permanent regional functional scotoma of suppression (FSP) and patients with stable bifoveal fusion among children with binocular vision by color test, and to distinguish patients with regional stable FSP and total FSP among children with monocular vision by color test. In the study under SU, the sensitivity of the method was 97.8 % and specificity 96.2 %, under OU — 96.6 % and 92.7 %, correspondingly. Using quantitative evaluation, it was found that the minimum duration of monocular phases required to eliminate functional inhibition in children with total FSP is twice as long as in children with regional FSP (z = 6,303, df 52, p < 0.001 according to the Mann — Whitney criterion).Conclusion. Thus, the modified Bagolini test developed by us is an effective way of qualitative and quantitative assessment of the state of binocular vision. The method has a high sensitivity and specificity, combines the capabilities of anaglyphic and phase haploscopy, and can be used for a personalized approach to the selection of conditions and modes of functional correction of binocular disorders, as well as for monitoring binocular vision during treatment. 

Evaluation of an alternative S100b assay for use in cardiac surgery: relationship with microemboli and neuropsychological outcome

Perfusion ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Whitaker ◽  
A.J.E. Green ◽  
J. Stygall ◽  
M.J.G. Harrison ◽  
S.P. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Skin Closure ◽  
Neuropsychological Outcome ◽  
The Right

Introduction. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between S100b release, neuropsychological outcome and cerebral microemboli. Peri-operative assay of the astroglial cell protein S100b has been used as a marker of cerebral damage after cardiac surgery but potential assay cross-reactivity has limited its specificity. The present study uses an alternative enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) for serum S100b that has documented sensitivity and specificity data in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods. Fifty-five consecutive patients undergoing routine CABG surgery received serial venous S100b sampling at five time points: i) Pre-operative, ii) At the end of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), iii) 6 hrs, iv) 24 hrs and v) 48 hrs post skin closure. A previously described sandwich ELISA with monoclonal anti- S100b was used. This assay has a lower limit of detection of 0.04 μ g/L and < 0.006% reactivity with S100a at a concentration of 100 μg/L S100a. Cerebral microemboli during surgery were recorded by transcranial Doppler monitor over the right middle cerebral artery. Evidence of cerebral impairment was obtained by comparing patients' performance in a neuropsychological battery of 9 tests administered 6—8 weeks post-operatively with their pre-operative scores. Results. There was a significant increase in S100b only at the end of bypass (mean 0.30 μg/L, SD ± 0.33 and range .00 to 1.57). S100b levels at the end of bypass did not correlate with neuropsychological outcome or microemboli counts. Conclusions. The low levels of S100b detected using the present assay, despite its high sensitivity and despite the routine use of cardiotomy suction, suggest that the assay may have higher specificity for cerebral S100b than previously used assays. There was no evidence that this assay is related to neuropsychological change or cerebral microemboli in cardiac surgery. Perfusion (2007) 22, 267—272.

Novel Ultrasonographic Thickness and Strength Assessments of the Flexor Digitorum: A Reliability Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
Christos I Ioannou ◽  
Franziska L Hodde-Chriske ◽  
Marios N Avraamides ◽  
Eckart Altenmüller
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Extensor Digitorum ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Smallest Detectable Change ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

OBJECTIVES: Clinical conditions such as focal dystonia often require the assessment of atrophy and weakness of the finger muscles. However, due to a lack of well-established protocols, the current investigation focused on assessing the reliability of thickness and strength assessments of the flexor digitorum (FD) muscle, including both the superficialis and profundus components. As a secondary assessment, the reliability of the strength measurement of the extensor digitorum muscle was examined as well. METHODS: Different thickness measurements of the FD were taken via ultrasonography and averaged to estimate the mean thickness of the FD. Likewise, individual finger strength measurements taken by a custom-made finger pressure device were averaged to compute the mean strength of the flexor and extensor digitorum muscles. Test-retest reliability of the above measurements performed at two different time points (about 6 months apart) were examined on the right and left hands of 10 participants. RESULTS: Findings indicated excellent test-retest reliability (ICC > 0.92) for the mean thickness assessment of the FD and mean strength of the flexor and extensor digitorum for both dominant and non-dominant hands. The standard error of measurement was ≤4.3% for all three mean assessments, indicating high sensitivity. Likewise, the smallest detectable change was also sufficiently small for the mean thickness and mean strength of the flexor digitorum (≤5.1%) and moderately small (≤12%) for the strength of the extensor digitorum. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicated an excellent relative and absolute reliability, for both hands, for the mean thickness and strength assessments of the flexor digitorum muscle and for the mean strength of the extensor digitorum (measured for both hands). These measurements can be used for future investigations and can contribute to the establishment of more precise methods for assessing the muscles in the forearms which serve the hand.

Targeting cardiovascular inflammation: next steps in clinical translation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick R Lawler ◽  
Deepak L Bhatt ◽  
Lucas C Godoy ◽  
Thomas F Lüscher ◽  
Robert O Bonow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Large Body ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
The Road ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Right

Abstract Systemic vascular inflammation plays multiple maladaptive roles which contribute to the progression and destabilization of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). These roles include: (i) driving atheroprogression in the clinically stable phase of disease; (ii) inciting atheroma destabilization and precipitating acute coronary syndromes (ACS); and (iii) responding to cardiomyocyte necrosis in myocardial infarction (MI). Despite an evolving understanding of these biologic processes, successful clinical translation into effective therapies has proven challenging. Realizing the promise of targeting inflammation in the prevention and treatment of ASCVD will likely require more individualized approaches, as the degree of inflammation differs among cardiovascular patients. A large body of evidence has accumulated supporting the use of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as a clinical measure of inflammation. Appreciating the mechanistic diversity of ACS triggers and the kinetics of hsCRP in MI may resolve purported inconsistencies from prior observational studies. Future clinical trial designs incorporating hsCRP may hold promise to enable individualized approaches. The aim of this Clinical Review is to summarize the current understanding of how inflammation contributes to ASCVD progression, destabilization, and adverse clinical outcomes. We offer forward-looking perspective on what next steps may enable successful clinical translation into effective therapeutic approaches—enabling targeting the right patients with the right therapy at the right time—on the road to more individualized ASCVD care.

Study on Measuring the Resonant Frequency of Air Core Transformer on Mass Spectrometer with a Test Coil

2014 ◽  
Vol 568-570 ◽  
pp. 395-400
Author(s):  
Kai Ni ◽  
Xiang Yan ◽  
Quan Yu ◽  
Zu Hua Shi ◽  
Xin Qiong Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Secondary Coil ◽  
Primary Coil ◽  
Load Effect ◽  
Air Core ◽  
Impedance System ◽  
The Right

Air core transformer is an essential part of mass spectrometer. Test coil is often used to measure its resonant frequency with the advantages of easy installation and high sensitivity. However, the influence of test coil while it is installed close to the working coils on the transformer is not studied before. To reveal the influence of test coil and determine the right position to install, two experiments using test coil and opened probe respectively for the measurement are conducted. Since the opened probe has little load effect on the original transformer impedance system, it can be used to validate the influence of test coil. By comparing the two experimental results, we find that the right position to install the test coil is on the further side of the primary coil to the secondary coil. This work allows us to integrate the test coil with the air core transformer to monitor the resonant frequency in real-time.

scholarly journals Polynesian Navigation and Logic

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Sharp
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Longitudinal Displacement ◽  
The Right ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships ◽  
Practicable Method

D. H. Lewis, in his article ‘Ara Moana: Stars of the Sea Road’ in the July 1964 issue of the Journal of the Institute of Navigation (pp. 278–88), speculates on how the Polynesians could have navigated to known distant destinations, but does not explain how the knowledge of die distant destinations on which he relies for his theories was gained by the supposed navigators. Before anybody can navigate to somewhere, someone must first have gone there and come back. Lewis does not tell us how the Polynesians gained their knowledge of the existence, location and size of New Zealand and Hawaii, and of the currents on these courses, on their outward voyages of discovery, and then used this knowledge to get home again. His statement that ‘it seems probable that the Polynesians steered by horizon stars until the zenith star showed that they had reached the right latitude, and then turned east or west’, obviously has no application to voyages of discovery which by definition were made without prior knowledge of the existence, latitude or size of the objectives. The alternative supposition that the discoverers were able to keep account of their courses from bearings on stars which were reputedly aligned with the destinations and the home islands overlooks the fact that such star bearings gave no clue whatever to longitudinal displacement. There was no practicable method whereby the discoverers could have known the longitudinal relationships of their discoveries and their home islands.

scholarly journals Visual tracking via improving motion model and model updater

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 172988141875623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanli Xue ◽  
Zhiyong Feng ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
Tong Liu ◽  
Zhaopeng Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Visual Tracking ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Salient Region Detection ◽  
Region Detection ◽  
Model Update ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

Motion model and model updater are two necessary components for online visual tracking. On the one hand, an effective motion model needs to strike the right balance between target processing, to account for the target appearance and scene analysis, and to describe stable background information. Most conventional trackers focus on one aspect out of the two and hence are not able to achieve the correct balance. On the other hand, the admirable model update needs to consider both the tracking speed and the model drift. Most tracking models are updated on every frame or fixed frames, so it cannot achieve the best performance. In this article, we solve the motion model problem by collaboratively using salient region detection and image segmentation. Particularly, the two methods are for different purposes. In the absence of prior knowledge, the former considers image attributes like color, gradient, edges, and boundaries then forms a robust object; the latter aggregates individual pixels into meaningful atomic regions by using the prior knowledge of target and background in the video sequence. Taking advantage of their complementary roles, we construct a more reasonable confidence map. For model update problems, we dynamically update the model by analyzing scene with image similarity, which not only reduces the update frequency of the model but also suppresses the model drift. Finally, we use these improved building blocks not only to do comparative tests but also to give a basic tracker, and extensive experimental results on OTB50 show that the proposed methods perform favorably against the state-of-the-art methods.

scholarly journals Anterior Chest Wall Involvement in Early Stages of Spondyloarthritis: Advanced Diagnostic Tools

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1844-1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERTA RAMONDA ◽  
MARIAGRAZIA LORENZIN ◽  
ALESSANDRO LO NIGRO ◽  
STEFANIA VIO ◽  
PIETRO ZUCCHETTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Bone Scan ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Bone Edema ◽  
Rheumatology Unit ◽  
Bone Scans ◽  
Therapeutic Decision Making ◽  
The Right

Objective.Anterior chest wall (ACW) involvement is difficult to evaluate in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Bone scan is sensitive to ACW involvement, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detects early alterations in SpA. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of bone scans and MRI in assessing ACW in early SpA.Methods.Out of 110 patients with early SpA attending the Outpatient Rheumatology Unit Clinic of Padua University from January 2008 to December 2010, the 40 complaining of pain and/or tenderness [60% with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), 12.5% with ankylosing spondylitis, and 27.5% with undifferentiated SpA] underwent bone scans and MRI.Results.At clinical examination, sternocostoclavicular joints were involved in 87.5% on the right, 77.5% on the left, and 35% on the sternum. Bone scan was positive in 100% and MRI in 62.5% of these patients. Early MRI signs (bone edema, synovial hyperemia) were observed in 27.5%, swelling in 5%, capsular structure thickness in 37.5%, erosions in 15%, bone irregularities in 15%, osteoproductive processes in 12.5%, and osteophytes in 5%. A higher prevalence of Cw6, Cw7, B35, and B38 was found in 15%, 48%, 28%, and 12%, respectively, of the patients with PsA who had bone scans.Conclusion.Noted mainly in women, ACW involvement was frequent in early SpA. Both bone scans and MRI are useful in investigating ACW inflammation. Bone scans were found to have high sensitivity in revealing subclinical involvement, but a low specificity. MRI provides useful information for therapeutic decision making because it reveals the type and extent of the process. The significant associations of HLA-Cw6 and Cw7 with PsA could suggest that genetic factors influence ACW involvement.

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