Gender and National Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Policies in Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-58
Author(s):  
Stella E. Igun
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Gender Aspects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
National Information

This chapter discusses the importance of incorporating gender aspects into the national ICT policies in Africa. The mention of gender issues in national ICT policies in Africa is still very scanty (where they exist). Many countries in Africa have no clear gender aspects incorporated into their national ICT policies. The chapter focuses on the imperativeness of ICTs to the livelihood of women in Africa, the need and urgency of increasing and encouraging women participation in all aspects of ICTs. The enactment and implementation of ICT policies and strategies targeting women population in both rural and urban areas is inevitable. Thus, status of gender inequality of ICT in Africa, strategies geared towards addressing gender inequalities in ICT in Africa and gender and ICT perspectives were discussed.

Gender and National Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Policies in Africa

2013 ◽  
pp. 284-297
Author(s):  
Stella E. Igun
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Gender Aspects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
National Information ◽  
Women Participation

This chapter discusses the importance of incorporating gender aspects into the national ICT policies in Africa. The mention of gender issues in national ICT policies in Africa is still very scanty (where they exist). Many countries in Africa have no clear gender aspects incorporated into their national ICT policies. The chapter focuses on the imperativeness of ICTs to the livelihood of women in Africa, the need and urgency of increasing and encouraging women participation in all aspects of ICTs. The enactment and implementation of ICT policies and strategies targeting women population in both rural and urban areas is inevitable. Thus, status of gender inequality of ICT in Africa, strategies geared towards addressing gender inequalities in ICT in Africa and gender and ICT perspectives were discussed.

ICT

2014 ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Julián Briz ◽  
José María Duran ◽  
Isabel Felipe ◽  
Teresa Briz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The University

Agriculture is facing new challenges in rural and urban areas, and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) may play a significant role. In this chapter, there is a background description of the ICT sector in the interface of urban and rural communities within the framework of agriculture. It describes some case analyses focused in agronomy and social sciences. In agronomy, the focuses are environment, food production, and pollution. In socioeconomics, there is a brief identification of ICT applications such as the collaboration between the university and firms. Considering the heterogeneousness of the analysis, the future research directions include different methods of studies for ICT programs (house of quality, structural organization, and others).

A Comparative Analysis of Land, Caste, and Gender in Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh With Reference to India

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-175
Author(s):  
M. Thangaraj
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
National Income ◽  
Tenure Reform ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
And Gender

Land is a gift of nature and its supply is perfectly inelastic. The quality of land differs very much from one place to another. Land is an important productive asset in rural India. Land is the backbone of agriculture. It serves as the base for all living beings. Nearly two-thirds of the workforce directly or indirectly depends on agriculture for their livelihood. About one-fifth of national income is derived from agricultural sector. Agriculture is a risky and most uncertain economic activity, as it heavily depends upon the vagarious of monsoon. Land market is a significant economic activity and may be classified into land sale market and land lease market both in rural and urban areas. Land reform is one of the regulating mechanisms of the agrarian activity which may be classified into 1) reforms aimed at changing ownership pattern (re-distributive reform) or 2) reforms dealing with leasing of land (tenancy/tenure reform).

scholarly journals A CASE STUDY: OBSTRUCTIONS ENCUMBERING THE TEACHER’S INCORPORATION OF ICT IN ENGLISH CLASSROOMS

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
AzureenbintiAbd Aziz ◽  
ParilahbintiMd Shah
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
English Classrooms ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Tools ◽  
The Government

The government has declared that all Malaysians that no one; both in rural and urban areas; would be divested from the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development. This calls for a need for teachers nationwide to make essential adjustments to the teaching and learning process. This paper takes a closer gaze on the obstructions faced by teachers in integrating ICT tools in teaching English language in the classrooms. This study aspires at determining why the teachers do not use ICT in the classrooms even they were utterly encouraged by sufficient technical supports.10 English teachers from a Secondary School were interviewed and their views and thoughts were discussed. The findings exposed that even the school is highly resourced with ICT tools and facilities, obstructions such as lack of time, amount of workload, lack of ICT skills and teachers’ negative attitudes towards ICT were hindering the teachers to incorporate ICT in their teaching. However, the teachers should be competent to shape and systematize their learning environment in non-traditional ways by merging the ICT with new pedagogy.

scholarly journals Violence against rural women: conceptions of professionals in the intersectoral network of care

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-179
Author(s):  
Gabriela Bervian ◽  
Marta Cocco Da Costa ◽  
Ethel Bastos Da Silva ◽  
Jaqueline Arboit ◽  
Fernanda Honnef
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
La Red

Introducción: La violencia contra las mujeres tanto en áreas rurales como urbanas requiere para su enfrentamiento la articulación de diferentes sectores, a través de una red de atención.Objetivo: Conocer las concepciones de profesionales de la red de atención acerca de la violencia contra las mujeres rurales.Método: Investigación cualitativa, realizada con 26 profesionales de la red de atención a las mujeres rurales en situación de violencia en cuatro municipios de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. La generación de datos ocurrió a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, siendo analizadas por el análisis de contenido temático.Resultados: Los profesionales relacionaban la violencia contra las mujeres rurales a aspectos culturales, generacionales y heterogeneidades de género, que naturalizan la violencia. Indicaban los distintos tipos de violencia vivenciados, desde la violencia física, psicológica, moral, sexual, dependencia, privación de libertad hasta las jornadas de trabajo intensas.Conclusiones: Los hallazgos refuerzan las desigualdades de género que perpetúan la subyugación y sumisión de las mujeres rurales. Introduction: Violence against women in both rural and urban areas requires the coordination of different sectors through a network of care. Objective: To know the conceptions of professionals of the care network about violence against rural women. Method: Qualitative research carried out with 26 professionals from the network of care to rural women in situations of violence in four cities of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Data were generated semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the thematic content analysis. Results: Professionals related violence against rural women to cultural, generational and gender heterogeneities, which makes violence natural. They pointed to the different types of violence experienced, either physical, psychological, moral, and sexual violence, dependence, deprivation of liberty and intense work hours. Conclusions: The findings reinforce the gender inequalities that perpetuate the subjugation and submission of rural women. Introdução: A violência contra mulheres tanto em áreas rurais quanto urbanas requer para seu enfrentamento a articulação de diferentes setores, por meio de uma rede de atendimento. Objetivo: Conhecer as concepções de profissionais da rede de atendimento acerca da violência contra mulheres rurais. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com 26 profissionais da rede de atendimento às mulheres rurais em situação de violência em quatro municípios do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A geração de dados ocorreu através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, sendo analisadas pela análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Os profissionais relacionavam a violência contra as mulheres rurais a aspectos culturais, geracionais e heterogeneidades de gênero, que naturalizam a violência. Apontavam os diferentes tipos de violência vivenciados, desde a violência física, psicológica, moral, sexual, dependência, privação de liberdade até as jornadas de trabalho intensas. Conclusões: Os achados reforçam as desigualdades de gênero que perpetuam a subjugação e submissão das mulheres rurais.

Women and ICT: A Study on Access and Perceptions in North India

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-419
Author(s):  
Sumanjeet Singh ◽  
Surender Singh ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
North India ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Information And Communication

The potential of information and communication technology (ICT) as a tool to reduce gender inequality and strengthen the position of women in a society is increasingly recognized. However, a significant gender digital divide is also observed, which is reflected in women’s low level of access and use of ICT as compared to men due to socio-economic, structural, psychological and institutional barriers. In this context, this article aims to explore the state of Indian women with regard to access, usage and effects of ICT tools. It analyses respondents’ perceptions on ICT in relation to betterment of women’s conditions and also explores the reasons for poor access and usage of ICT among Indian women. The article is based on a study of cross-sectional survey data collected from women respondents residing in rural and urban areas of six states of India, namely Haryana, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. This article argues that it is imperative to make ICT more accessible and affordable for Indian women in order for them to garner its benefits.

scholarly journals Eating Habits, Health and Gender in the Elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Mª Rosario López Giménez ◽  
Mª Pilar Montero López ◽  
Ana Isabel Mora Urda ◽  
Juan Francisco Romero Collazos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Health Situation

The aging process must be understood as a multifactorial process involving interactions between biological, environmental and gender factors. Lifestyle and diet are factors of particular importance in the health situation of elderly. Thus one of the most important goals of aging research is to identify factors that contribute to improving health in this stage of life. A cross-sectional observational study was performed with a sample of 191 women and men aged 65 or more years in rural and urban areas of the Comunidad de Madrid, through interviews with a survey designed ad hoc for the study, which considered different social, cultural, lifestyle and health. The results showed that women perceived their health as fair or poor in a higher percentage of men (61% women vs. 45% men), they were also less satisfied with their life (28.6% women vs. 6% men). Educational level, gender and morbidity were determinants in the perception of health. There was a different pattern of health in both genders, with a significant prevalence of osteo-articular problems in women (62.3%). Eating habits at the time of the study showed no association with better or worse health, either among women or men, while gender issues (education or income level) were associated with health.

scholarly journals ‘My country’s heart is in the market place’: Tom Stannage interviewed by Peter Read

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
Tiffany Shellam ◽  
Joanna Sassoon
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
World View ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
Market Place ◽  
National Narratives ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
And Gender

Tom Stannage was one among many historians in the 1970s uncovering histories of Australia which were to challenge national narratives and community memories. In 1971, Tom returned to Western Australia after writing his PhD in Cambridge with the passion to write urban history and an understanding that in order to do so, he needed an emotional engagement with place. What he had yet to realize was the power of community memories in Western Australia to shape and preserve ideas about their place. As part of his research on the history of Perth, Tom saw how the written histories of Western Australia had been shaped by community mythologies – in particular that of the rural pioneer. He identified the consensus or ‘gentry tradition’ in Western Australian writing. In teasing out histories of conflict, he showed how the gentry tradition of rural pioneer histories silenced those of race and gender relations, convictism and poverty which were found in both rural and urban areas. His versions of history began to unsettle parts of the Perth community who found the ‘pioneer myth’ framed their consensus world-view and whose families were themselves the living links to these ‘pioneers’.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF COMPUTERISATION AND INNOVATION ACTIVITY OF THE COMPANIES IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Angowski ◽  
Aneta JAROSZ-ANGOWSKA ◽  
Marcin LIPOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Over the last years, the economic and social structure of enterprises has undergone some important changes, especially because of the introduction of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). ICT is one of the fundamental elements driving the innovation and competitiveness of business activities which greatly influences the development of rural areas, both in economic and social terms. This publication focuses on the analysis and evaluation of the use of ICTs by enterprises in the Lubelskie Voivodeship with particular emphasis on rural areas. In the publication the authors use statistical analyses based on information from surveys conducted among entrepreneurs by the Marshal Office of the Lubelskie Voivodeship. The paper evaluates the following issues: the degree of computerisation of the company, the use of information technology in the company, the activity of the company on the Internet. The main objective of this study is to identify the relationship between the degree of computerisation and the company's innovation-oriented activities and to identify differences between companies located in urban and rural areas. The studies carried out have demonstrated that the differences in the computerisation of enterprises located in rural and urban areas are negligible and that there is a close relationship between the degree of computerisation and innovation in enterprises located in rural areas.

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