Living With Intellectual Disability

2020 ◽

pp. 123-142

Author(s):

Mansi Jadeja ◽

Jamila Firdaus

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Critical Value ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Evidence Based Practices ◽

Previous Evidence ◽

Her Family ◽

The Family ◽

Therapy Interventions ◽

The Masses

The need to understand the quality of life of people with intellectual disability is crucial as this mental disability is considered to be a major setback for any individual and his/her family. Current researches focus on creating an equal platform to understand intellectual disability in order to gain more acceptances from the masses, especially for the families who have a member suffering from intellectual disability. The age of the family member and available care taking measures are also of critical value. Models of therapy/interventions drawn from previous evidence-based practices give a bright picture.

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Anxiety in autistic individuals who speak few or no words: A qualitative study of parental experience and anxiety management

Autism ◽

10.1177/1362361320962366 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 136236132096236

Author(s):

Joanne Tarver ◽

Effie Pearson ◽

Georgina Edwards ◽

Aryana Shirazi ◽

Liana Potter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Intellectual Disability ◽

Language Use ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Verbal Language ◽

Parental Recognition

Anxiety is a common co-occurring condition in autism and impacts quality of life of autistic individuals and their families; autistic individuals who speak few or no words represent an under-researched group. This qualitative study aimed to understand more about parental recognition and management of anxiety in autistic individuals who speak few or no words. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents/carers of 17 autistic individuals (mage = 14.29) recruited from an existing participant database and social media adverts. Using thematic analysis, 15 themes were placed under three a-priori grand themes: parental recognition of anxiety; parental management of anxiety; and anxiety impact on the autistic individual and their family. Due to reduced verbal language use and overlap with other behaviours, parents described difficulties recognising anxiety in their child. However, they also described use of a number of management strategies, including some which overlap with components of evidence-based interventions for emotional and behavioural problems in autistic individuals (e.g. exposure/sensory calming). Despite this, parents reported that anxiety continues to have significant impact on quality of life. The findings of this study can help to inform the development of targeted intervention and assessment measures for anxiety in autistic individuals who speak few or no words. Lay abstract Anxiety is a common condition in autistic individuals, including those who also have an intellectual disability. Despite this, autistic individuals who have severe to profound intellectual disability, or use few or no words, are often excluded from autism research. There are also very few assessment tools and interventions with known effectiveness for autistic individuals with intellectual disability. In this study, we aimed to learn more about parent/carers experiences of recognising and managing anxiety in autistic individuals who use few or no words. We conducted semi-structured interviews with parents and carers to address three research questions: (1) what techniques and management strategies do parents describe for anxiety-related behaviour in their child; (2) how do communication difficulties impact parental understanding and management of anxiety provoking situations and behaviours; (3) what is the impact of anxiety-related behaviours on the quality of life of autistic individuals and their families? During the interviews, parents described difficulties recognising anxiety in their child, mostly due to reduced verbal language use and anxiety behaviours overlapping with other behaviours (e.g. autism characteristics). However, parents also described use of a number of management strategies, including some which overlap with components of evidence-based interventions for emotional and behavioural problems in autistic individuals (e.g. exposure/sensory calming). Despite this, parents reported that anxiety continues to have significant impact on quality of life. We will use the findings of this study to inform future research to develop assessment tools and interventions for anxiety in autistic individuals who use few or no words.

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PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM INDONESIA SEBAGAI SUBSISTEM PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL

EDUKASI Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Agama dan Keagamaan ◽

10.32729/edukasi.v4i2.173 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Masthu Mastuhu

Keyword(s):

Human Resources ◽

Family System ◽

Islamic Education ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Social Changes ◽

Her Family ◽

National Education ◽

The Family ◽

The Ideal

It is necessary for Islamic educational institutions to have the power of changing themselves to be able to take part in determining the ideal and success of national education. Precisely, today, Islamic educational system is perceived weak and powerless in the dynamic of social changes have been occurring in the society. Even, this situation, it is frequently assumed as the burden of national education. Why can it be so? Aren't Islamic educational providers are also referring to the only one Law, that is, Law Number 20 year 2003 regarding National Educational System? What is wrong with Islamic education ? How is the quality of human resources of these providers? This article tries to answer those questions. This article also deals with analogue of Islamic Education as a subsystem of national education with family system in Islam. Family is a system. Child is a subsystem of the family. The more the child is matured and independent the better his/her family is.

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Implementation Science, Professional Development, and Autism Spectrum Disorders

Council review ◽

10.1177/0014402913079002081 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (2) ◽

pp. 233-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Samuel L. Odom ◽

Ann W. Cox ◽

Matthew E. Brock

Keyword(s):

Professional Development ◽

Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽

Implementation Science ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Evidence Based Practices ◽

Science Professional Development ◽

Spectrum Disorders ◽

Development Center

The increased prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has intensified the need for high-quality special education services designed for children and youth with ASD and their families. Implementation science provides guidance for moving innovation, such as utilizing evidence-based practices for students with ASD, into regular practice in schools. The National Professional Development Center on ASD (NPDC) incorporated the principles of implementation science, the scientific knowledge about evidence-based practices, and the measurement of program quality into an intervention approach for students with ASD. This article presents the NPDC model as an example of using implementation science to build systems of professional development that increase the quality of services and promote teachers’ use of evidence-based practices.

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A Girl from Qatar with Post-Infantile Acquired Cerebral Palsy Caused By Submersion Injury: A Rare Etiology and a Therapeutic Challenge

Clinical Research and Clinical Trials ◽

10.31579/2693-4779/073 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 01-04

Author(s):

Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Posterior Cortex ◽

Her Family ◽

Cortical Injury ◽

Spontaneous Movements ◽

Anoxic Encephalopathy ◽

The Family ◽

Deep Grey Matter ◽

The Brain

Background: Cerebral palsy is a heterogeneous disorder that can cause a lifelong disability that is associated with a non-progressive damage in the brain. It is commonly caused by antenatal, perinatal, early postnatal and neonatal conditions. However, post-neonatal cases of acquired cerebral palsy have also been reported, and were commonly caused by infection. Patients and methods: The family of a girl from Qatar, who developed severe cerebral palsy caused by submersion injury, consulted us about the possible therapies for her condition. Clinical picture and brain imaging abnormalities are described, and the relevant literatures were reviewed with the aim of suggesting possible evidence-based therapies. Results: At the age of 23 months, a previously healthy girl developed anoxic encephalopathy after experiencing submersion injury. MRI showed evidence of significant hypoxic ischemic injury primarily affecting the deep grey matter, hippocami, mid-brain and the posterior cortex. EEG showed diffuse slowness of cerebral activity and diffuse attenuation of the background without no epileptic abnormalities suggesting diffuse encephalopathy resulting from diffuse cortical injury. At the about age of three and half years, her family consulted us about her condition as she was still showing no awareness to the environment, showing no significant spontaneous movements. She had poor head control. Unable to sit or stand alone, and had a flexed posture. She was on levetiracetam (Keppra), diazepam, and baclofen 30 mg daily. She was still having tracheotomy, and was fed through gastrostomy tube. Conclusion: In this paper, the rare occurrence of severe post-infantile cerebral palsy is described. Emphasis is made on the possibility of using evidence-based multi-factorial therapies in cerebral palsy.

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Socio-cultural aspects of type 1 diabetes in Egypt: Where are we and where do we need to be?

Journal of Social Health and Diabetes ◽

10.4103/2321-0656.115361 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 01 (02) ◽

pp. 063-065

Author(s):

Hanan Aly

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Her Family ◽

Positive Communication ◽

Cultural Aspects ◽

The Family ◽

Diabetic Individual

AbstractSocio-cultural factors play a pivotal role in the control of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents, especially in developing countries like Egypt. The financial burden of this chronic illness, together with the modulations needed in lifestyle affect the family and school dynamics, adding further stress on the diabetic individual and his/her family. The key to improved outcome (not only in terms of glycemic control but also quality of life) has two arms. The first one is having a diabetes team with a psychologist skilled in this area for clear and positive communication with both the family and school from the time of diagnosis. The second one is the implementation of government laws to enforce the rights of diabetic children and adolescents.

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Pravo na palijativnu skrb za djecu u Republici Hrvatskoj

Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istraživanja ◽

10.31299/hrri.55.2.7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 82-91

Author(s):

Marina Milić Babić ◽

Marina Hranj

Keyword(s):

Palliative Care ◽

Right To Health ◽

Human Right ◽

Her Family ◽

Right To Health Care ◽

Starting Point ◽

The Family ◽

The Republic ◽

The Right

Palliative care for children means active, complete care on physical, psychological, social and spiritual levels, and it includes collaboration and active work with the family. Palliative care for children lasts during the period of illness and continues after the death of the child in the form of expert assistance to the family in their grief. Such care follows the principles of individual, holistic, transdisciplinary and biopsychosocial-spiritual approaches that come together in promoting the quality of life of a child and his or her family. Numerous legal sources are the starting point for defining palliative care for children as a fundamental human right to health care, as well as for defining basic actions within this fundamental right. The right to palliative care includes rights from different systems, and collaboration and linking of different disciplines are needed in order to meet the needs of the child and his family. The aim of this paper is to present crucial knowledge in the field of palliative care for children and to examine how this right is implemented and legally regulated in the Republic of Croatia.

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Dementia 7. When dementia is diagnosed, supporting the person and family caregivers

British Journal of Healthcare Assistants ◽

10.12968/bjha.2020.14.4.178 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 178-184

Author(s):

Linda Nazarko

Keyword(s):

End Of Life Care ◽

Progressive Disease ◽

World Health ◽

Her Family ◽

Learning Capacity ◽

The Family ◽

Health Organization ◽

Person With Dementia ◽

The Impact

The impact of a dementia diagnosis can be devastating to the person with dementia and his or her family. The person and their loved ones have been informed that the person has a progressive disease that affects memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement ( World Health Organization (WHO), 2017 ). It is often thought of as a diagnosis of despair; however, if managed well, the diagnosis is an opportunity to enable the person to experience the best possible quality of life and to inform the family of his or her wishes in relation to end-of-life care.

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The Absence of Evidence-Based Practices (EBPs) in the Treatment of Sexual Abusers: Recommendations for Moving Toward the Use of a True EBP Model

Sexual Abuse ◽

10.1177/1079063219843897 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 679-705

Author(s):

Adam Deming ◽

Jerry L. Jennings

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Treatment Effectiveness ◽

Current Status ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Evidence Based Practices ◽

Treatment Approaches ◽

Professional Discipline ◽

History Of

Despite a continued evolution of the field of sexual abuser treatment toward a distinct professional discipline with clinicians using an increasing variety of treatment approaches, there is no consensus regarding the strength of our various clinical interventions as evidence-based practices (EBPs). This article provides a brief history of the development and goals of EBPs in medicine and mental health, and a review of the earnest efforts of researchers within the field to establish treatment approaches with sexual abusers as evidence-based. An appraisal of the current status of EBP’s with sexual abusers is provided. Although there have been improvements in the methodological quality of treatment outcome research with sexual abusers, divergent opinions about treatment effectiveness remain, and the field has not yet agreed on a system or set of criteria for what constitutes “evidence.” We contend that clinical practice has been influenced as much, or more, by new paradigms that are intuitively meaningful and perceived as needed than it has by what has been determined to be scientifically efficacious. This trend and other processes in our field that seem to be slowing the development of EBPs with sexual abusers are discussed. Recommendations for conducting evidence-based reviews and moving the field of sexual abuser treatment toward the use of a true EBP model are provided.

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