Internet Use and Economic Growth

2020 ◽  
pp. 291-306
Author(s):  
Abhijit Bhattacharya ◽  
Archita Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Regression Techniques

A good infrastructure is actually the base behind the growth of an economy. In the present age of globalization accessibility of information is a very important component of infrastructure. Studies carried out on the effect of internet on economic growth are mostly either on high income countries only or on a large number of countries belonging to different income groups. Keeping in mind the differential impact of internet on economic growth of countries with different initial conditions, we have attempted in this chapter a study on the impact of internet use on economic growth in 39 lower middle income and low income countries during 2002-2011. Applying panel data regression techniques we have found a positive significant impact of internet use on economic growth of low income countries. The emergence of crisis adversely affected this growth process, overruling the positive impact of internet use.

Internet Use and Economic Growth

2017 ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
Abhijit Bhattacharya ◽  
Archita Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Regression Techniques

A good infrastructure is actually the base behind the growth of an economy. In the present age of globalization accessibility of information is a very important component of infrastructure. Studies carried out on the effect of internet on economic growth are mostly either on high income countries only or on a large number of countries belonging to different income groups. Keeping in mind the differential impact of internet on economic growth of countries with different initial conditions, we have attempted in this chapter a study on the impact of internet use on economic growth in 39 lower middle income and low income countries during 2002-2011. Applying panel data regression techniques we have found a positive significant impact of internet use on economic growth of low income countries. The emergence of crisis adversely affected this growth process, overruling the positive impact of internet use.

Educational inequalities

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Billon ◽  
Jorge Crespo ◽  
Fernando Lera-López
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of Internet use on economic growth and the extent to which educational inequality modulates this impact for a panel data set of 94 countries between 1995 and 2010. We obtain a positive and significant impact of Internet use on economic growth and a negative influence of educational inequality on the Internet’s impact on growth. When we disaggregate by income levels, the results indicate that Internet use is positively associated with economic growth for middle- and high-income countries. Educational inequality influences the impact of Internet use on economic growth only for middle- and low-income countries, although with the opposite sign. For middle-income countries, the impact is negative, while the impact is positive for low-income economies. The research provides evidence for the first time about how inequalities in education may limit the positive economic outcomes and benefits derived from the use of information and communication technologies.

IPRs and Innovation, Technology Transfer, and Economic Welfare

2020 ◽  
pp. 1536-1568
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Gil ◽  
Luis Angel Madrid ◽  
Carlos Hernán Fajardo
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dissemination Of Technology

The TRIPS agreement states that Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) protection should contribute to the promotion of technological innovation, economic welfare, and to the transfer and dissemination of technology. However, there is still no consensus on whether IPRs protection has achieved its goal. Thus, the chapter provides a discussion on how the impact of IPRs on innovation, technology transfer, and economic welfare is affected by the difference in the income level of the countries. The results suggest that in high-income and upper middle-income countries, IPRs have a positive impact in these variables. Nevertheless, it seems that in lower middle-income and low-income countries, IPRs have not increased innovation, spurred transfer of technology. or created economic welfare.

scholarly journals The Impact of Various Mode of Financings in Reducing Inequality in Various Groups of Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-43
Author(s):  
Irma Yuliani ◽  
Muhammad Abdul Rohman
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Islamic Bank ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

The existence of Islamic bank not always provide positive impact to the real sector of economy. Declining inequality is one of the expected significant impacts with appyling mode of financing as instrument to relize that. This study aims to investigate the impact of mode of financing was applied by Islamic bank to reduce inequality among countries of IsDB Group. World bank data and IDB data of Islamic banks are employed as samples from 1977 to 2018. The results show that equity and leasing have a positive effect and significant to reduce inequality for low income countries, where the leasing or ijarah have the most effective impact than all. In addition, instalment sale of financing has a significant impact to reduce inequality for middle-income countries, loan is being the only significant mode of financing to reduce inequality in all IDB countries. Unfortunately, Mudharabah, PLS (profit and loss sharing), Murabahan and Istishna have not significantly impact to reduce inequality

scholarly journals On the determinants of trade openness in low- and lower–middle-income countries in Africa: how important is economic growth?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Boahene Osei ◽  
Yakubu Awudu Sare ◽  
Muazu Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Real Gdp Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe existing literature highlights the determinants of trade openness with disregard to the income classifications of countries in examining whether the determinants differ given their income levels. This study, therefore, re-examines the drivers of trade openness in Africa relying on panel data with special focus on the role of economic growth. More specifically, we perform a comparative analysis of the factors influencing trade openness for low-income and lower–middle-income countries using the system generalized method of moments. Our findings suggest that, while economic growth robustly enhances openness in low-income countries, in the case of lower–middle-income countries, the impact is not robust and largely negative suggesting that higher growth is associated with less openness. We also find that, economic growth–openness nexus for the lower-income countries exhibits non-linearities and inverted U-shaped relationship in particular. Thus, while increases in real GDP per capita enhance openness, beyond an estimated threshold point, any increases in economic growth dampen openness. We discuss key implications for policy.

scholarly journals Lifestyle transitions and the developing world: Reflections on the implications for health, well-being and wealth

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Ufuoma John Ejughemre
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Middle Income

Context: The past few decades witnessed significant economic growth in many developing countries of the world. These economic changes towards increasing gross domestic product (GDP) brought with it several other transitions in these countries: demographic, epidemiological, technological, and nutritional. These resulted in improving the living standards as well as life expectancy in many of these countries. However, of public health concern is the fact that these transitions paradoxically have their negative consequences on the health, well-being and wealth of the populace in these countries. Objectives: This review therefore assesses the evidence of the extent to which these changes have affected the living patterns in many developing countries and the epidemiological implications besides others issues on the populace in these countries. Methods: By using key words, the author involved a broad search of literatures on lifestyle changes, economic growth, nutrition, urbanization, smoking and alcohol, communicable and non-communicable diseases in countries termed low and middle income. Findings and conclusion: The review identified discernible evidence base about the implications of these changes on health, well-being and wealth of these nations. Accordingly, as lifestyle transitions now come to bear, it thus necessitates an all inclusive approach that will include proactive and pre-emptive interventions as well as consistent participation from governments, multilateral institutions, research-funding agencies, donors, and other players in health systems. This is because it will provide the global community with great opportunities in uniting high, middle, and low-income countries in a common purpose, given the shared interests of globalization and economic burdens worldwide.

Mobile Telephony and Economic Growth in Developing Economies

2011 ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heli Virta ◽  
Kaisu Puumalainen ◽  
Anni Tuppura
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Mobile Telephony ◽  
Mobile Cellular ◽  
Fixed Line

This chapter investigates the influence of mobile phone penetration on economic growth in developing economies. It is widely agreed that telecommunications infrastructure has a positive effect on GDP growth. The empirical evidence concerns mainly fixed line telephony and is mostly conducted with samples from developed countries. Mobile telephony, on the other hand, may be particularly important in those low-income countries, where landlines are not accessible to all. As there also is some evidence that mobile technology may encourage innovative entrepreneurial activity, it is likely that mobile telephony has a great positive impact on welfare especially in developing economies. To examine the role of mobile telephone penetration in economic growth, we use difference and system GMM estimators with a sample of low-income and lower middle-income countries and find mobile telephony to boost economic growth. This result suggests that extensive mobile cellular network coverage facilitates economic development in developing countries.

scholarly journals Why Do Countries Request Assistance from International Monetary Fund? An Empirical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Ifrah Siddique ◽  
Muhammad Azmat Hayat ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Naeem ◽  
Abdullah Ejaz ◽  
Cristi Spulbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Current Account Deficit ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
The Imf

This paper investigates the determinants behind persistent and prolonged stays under the International Monetary Fund (IMF) program and its effectiveness, using panel data consisting of 70 countries that have requested IMF support multiple times, during the period 1980–2018. By employing panel survival analysis, we conclude that weak economic indicators, e.g., current account deficit, high debt service ratio, low GDP, are the main reasons that force a country to reach out to the IMF support program. We further extend our analysis to investigate the effectiveness of the IMF program by dividing our sample into two groups, based on income level. To overcome the issue of endogeneity, we implement the panel instrumental two-stage least squares (2SLS) fixed-effect model. In the light of our analysis, we find a contemporaneous positive impact of the IMF fund program on the economic growth of upper middle-income countries, while, for low-income countries, its contemporaneous impact is insignificant, but becomes visible over time.

Does foreign direct investment cause economic growth? A dynamic panel data analysis for SADC countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmore E Mahembe ◽  
Nicholas M Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Middle Income Countries

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the causal relationship between inward foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth in Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries over the period 1980-2012. It also investigates whether the causal relationship between FDI inflows and economic growth is dependent on the level of income. Design/methodology/approach – In order to assess whether the causal relationship between FDI inflows and economic growth is dependent on the level of income, the study divided the SADC countries into two groups, namely, the middle-income countries and the low-income countries. The study used the recent panel-data analysis methods to examine this linkage. The Granger causality test for the middle-income countries was conducted within a vector-error correction mechanism framework; while that of the low-income countries was conducted within a vector autoregressions framework. Findings – The results for the middle-income countries’ panel show that there is a uni-directional causal flow from GDP to FDI, and not vice versa. However, for the low-income countries’ panel, there was no evidence of causality in either direction. The study concludes that the FDI-led growth hypothesis does not apply to SADC countries. Research limitations/implications – Methodology applied in this study is a bivariate framework which is likely to suffer from the omission of variable bias (Odhiambo, 2008, 2011). Second, the Granger causality analysis employed in this only investigates the direction of causality and whether each variable can be used to explain another, but does not directly test for the mechanisms through which FDI leads to economic growth and economic growth leads to FDI. Practical implications – Future studies may include a third variable such as domestic savings, exports, or financial development in a trivariate or multivariate panel causality model. A more complete analysis which seeks to explain the channels through which FDI impacts growth is suggested for future studies. Lastly, sector level analysis will help policy makers draft effective industrial policies, which can guide allocation of incentives. Social implications – The results of this study support the Growth-led FDI hypothesis, but not the FDI-led growth hypothesis. In other words, it is economic growth that drives FDI inflows into the SADC region and into Southern Africa, and not vice versa. This implies that the recent high economic growth rates that have been recorded in some of the SADC countries, especially the middle-income countries, have led to a massive inflow of FDI into this region. Originality/value – At the regional level, SADC as a regional bloc has been actively pursuing policies and strategies aimed at attracting FDI into the region. Despite the important role of FDI in economic development, and the increase in FDI inflows into SADC countries in particular, there is a significant dearth of literature on the causal relationship between FDI and economic growth. The study used the recent panel-data analysis methods to examine the causal relationship between FDI and economic growth in SADC countries.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENERIMAAN PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Dwi Ajeng Kartini Apriliyanti ◽  
Harianto Harianto ◽  
Dedi Budiman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression

Decentralization is the transfer of governmental power by the central government to autonomous regions based on the principle of autonomy. In general, the results of the analysis show that decentralization has had a positive impact on local economic growth. Global economy crisis has affect national economic growth and South Kalimantan slowdown that occurred since 2012 and continued until 2015 which only grew by 3,84%. The realization of motor vehicle tax in 2015-2019 is still fluctuating even though in certain years it has reached the target, so it is necessary to know the factors that affect the motor vehicle tax revenue. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influenced motor vehicle tax revenue in South Kalimantan Province.  The types of data used in this study are primary and secondary data. The analysis method used in this research is panel data regression analysis. The results of this study showed the number of vehicles has a positive and significant effect while population, PDRB per capita, inflation, tax system haven’t significant effect on motor vehicle tax revenues in South Kalimantan Province. Keywords: Panel Data Regression Analysis, motor vehicle tax.

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