Phytochemistry and Ethanopharmacology of Illicium verum (Staranise)

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
Priyanka Singh ◽  
Neha Mishra ◽  
Ena Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Illicium Verum

Illicium verum, as a spice and pharmaceutical treatment of many harmful diseases, has been widely used in most Asian countries. The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China considered it as both food and medicine due to its non-toxicity towards human health. In the present study, the review focuses mainly on food and medical applications of I. verum. The fruits are commonly used as an ingredient of the traditional “five-spice” powder of Chinese cooking, and the essential oil of I. verum can be used as flavoring. The extraction from I. verum has carminative, stomachic, stimulant, and diuretic properties, and is used as a pharmaceutical supplement. Shikimic acid extracted from I. verum is one of the main ingredients in the antiviral drug Tamiflu, which is used to fight avian influenza. It has also been reported to possess antimicrobial and antioxidative properties as well as significant anticancer potential. This review presents a detailed compilation of the literature on phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of Illicium verum.

scholarly journals A Brief Review on Challenges in Design and Development of Nanorobots for Medical Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10385
Author(s):  
Gautham Giri ◽  
Yaser Maddahi ◽  
Kourosh Zareinia
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Navigation Data ◽  
Innovative Idea ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Scale Down ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Robotics is a rapidly growing field, and the innovative idea to scale down the size of robots to the nanometer level has paved a new way of treating human health. Nanorobots have become the focus of many researchers aiming to explore their many potential applications in medicine. This paper focuses on manufacturing techniques involved in the fabrication of nanorobots and their associated challenges in terms of design architecture, sensors, actuators, powering, navigation, data transmission, followed by challenges in applications. In addition, an overview of various nanorobotic systems addresses different architectures of a nanorobot. Moreover, multiple medical applications, such as oncology, drug delivery, and surgery, are reviewed and summarized.

scholarly journals Two fatal human infections with avian influenza H5, Turkey, January 2006

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Collective Editorial team ◽  
A Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Virus Subtype

Two teenagers in Turkey have died from infections with influenza H5 virus subtype, the Turkish ministry of health has confirmed

scholarly journals Phenolic compounds variation in Mentha L. Species in the course of a four-years period / Kolísanie fenolových látok v rôznych druhoch Mentha L. Počas 4 ročného obdobia

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (s9) ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
S. Fialová ◽  
D. Tekeľová ◽  
K. Rendeková ◽  
J. Klinčok ◽  
M. Kolárik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
European Pharmacopoeia ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Derivatives

AbstractMints rank among the most important Lamiaceae plants. In addition to essential oil, they contain many valuable phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids that participate in mints’ pharmacological properties. In this work, we examined the contents of phenolic compounds variation in the course of 4 years of vegetation. We compared the contents of total hydroxycinnamic derivatives expressed as rosmarinic acid (λ = 505 nm), total polyphenols and tannins expressed as rosmarinic acid (λ = 760 nm), and flavonoids expressed as luteolin-7-O-glucoside (λ = 392 nm) and quercetin (λ = 420 nm) in 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year-old plants’ dry leaves, respectively. Spectrophotometric methods of the European Pharmacopoeia were employed. Our results show high levels of active phenolic compounds, particularly in 3- and 4-year-old plants.

scholarly journals Chronic Exposure to Cadmium Disrupts the Adrenal Gland Activity of the NewtTriturus carnifex(Amphibia, Urodela)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaminia Gay ◽  
Vincenza Laforgia ◽  
Ivana Caputo ◽  
Carla Esposito ◽  
Marilena Lepretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Human Health ◽  
European Community ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Ministry Of Health

We intended to verify the safety of the freshwater values established for cadmium by the European Community and the Italian Ministry of Health in drinking water (5 μg/L) and sewage waters (20 μg/L). Therefore, we chronically exposed the newtTriturus carnifexto 5 μg/L and 20 μg/L doses of cadmium, respectively, during 3 and 9 months and verified the effects on the adrenal gland. We evaluated the serum concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone, aldosterone, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. During the 3-month exposure, both doses of cadmium decreased ACTH and corticosterone serum levels and increased aldosterone and epinephrine serum levels. During the 9-month exposure, the 5 μg/L dose decreased ACTH and increased aldosterone and epinephrine serum levels; the 20 μg/L dose decreased norepinephrine and epinephrine serum levels, without affecting the other hormones. It was concluded that (1) chronic exposure to the safety values established for cadmium disrupted the adrenal gland activity and (2) the effects of cadmium were related both to the length of exposure and the dose administered. Moreover, our results suggest probable risks to human health, due to the use of water contaminated by cadmium.

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