Software Testing

Author(s):  
Pooja Kaplesh ◽  
Severin K. Y. Pang

Testing software is a process of program execution with the intent to find errors. For this purpose, various testing techniques have been used over time. Testing software is an intensive field of research in which much development work has been done. This field will become increasingly important in the future. There are many techniques for software testing. This chapter gives an overview of the entire range of software testing with suggestions for their implementation. One focus is on testing in an agile development process why the different types of software tests are important, and their cycle and methodology are described. In addition, different levels, types, and a comparative study on different types of tests are presented. The chapter also includes suggestions for performing the various tests and an effective approach to testing a software system.

Author(s):  
Manish Jain ◽  
Dinesh Gopalani

The existing techniques for software testing can be used to perform only a particular type of testing, and moreover proficiency is required to write the automation test scripts using these techniques. This paper proposes a novel software testing approach using Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) that alone suffices for carrying out most of the types of software testing and thus obliterates the need of using distinctive tools for different types of testing. Nevertheless, AOP is a new programming paradigm and not all testers have the proficiency of working with it. Hence, a domain-specific language named Testing Aspect Generator Language (TAGL) was developed which has got a very low learning curve. Using TAGL, testers can write the testing code in the form of natural language-like statements. Further, the lexical analyzer and parser, written using lex and yacc, convert the TAGL statements into actual testing code in the form of AOP. The proposed approach was applied for the testing of widely used open source projects and remarkable bugs were detected into them. A detailed comparison as to how our approach is effective than the conventional testing techniques is provided.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Michał Pawlak ◽  
Aneta Poniszewska-Marańda

Software testing is a very broad term that includes a wide variety of topics. They range from technical like testing techniques and measurements, to more organizational like planning and management of testing. Ability to plan, design and create efficient tests is the most critical ability for any good tester. The paper presents Kungfu Testing, which is a testing approach based on advice and best practices advocated by experts in the field of testing. The method is intended to provide a step-by-step instruction of managing testing activities in a project environment. The presented approach was designed to work with and complement the agile development methodologies due to their widespread use and popularity.


2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-51
Author(s):  
Matthias Maass

Since 1648, the number of small states has varied significantly. There have been more than one "rise and fall" in the number of small states. This study begins a broader analysis into causality by investigating this phenomenon. By setting out the changes in the composition of the international states system since its inception in its modem form with the Peace of Westphalia, the study intends to discuss the proliferation of small states over time as a significant phenomenon in the history of international relations. The study then continues by linking the changes in the number of small states to major systemic changes, arguing that different types of states system correspond to different levels of "systemic resilience" of small states.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vince Polito ◽  
Amanda Barnier ◽  
Erik Woody

Building on Hilgard’s (1965) classic work, the domain of hypnosis has been conceptualised by Barnier, Dienes, and Mitchell (2008) as comprising three levels: (1) classic hypnotic items, (2) responding between and within items, and (3) state and trait. The current experiment investigates sense of agency across each of these three levels. Forty-six high hypnotisable participants completed an ideomotor (arm levitation), a challenge (arm rigidity) and a cognitive (anosmia) item either following a hypnotic induction (hypnosis condition) or without a hypnotic induction (wake condition). In a postexperimental inquiry, participants rated their feelings of control at three time points for each item: during the suggestion, test and cancellation phases. They also completed the Sense of Agency Rating Scale (Polito, Barnier, & Woody, 2013) for each item. Pass rates, control ratings, and agency scores fluctuated across the different types of items and for the three phases of each item; also, control ratings and agency scores often differed across participants who passed versus failed each item. Interestingly, whereas a hypnotic induction influenced the likelihood of passing items, it had no direct effect on agentive experiences. These results suggest that altered sense of agency is not a unidimensional or static quality “switched on” by hypnotic induction, but a dynamic multidimensional construct that varies across items, over time and according to whether individuals pass or fail suggestions.


Author(s):  
Marko Geslani

The introduction reviews the historiographic problem of the relation between fire sacrifice (yajña) and image worship (pūjā), which have traditionally been seen as opposing ritual structures serving to undergird the distinction of “Vedic” and “Hindu.” Against such an icono- and theocentric approach, it proposes a history of the priesthood in relation to royal power, centering on the relationship between the royal chaplain (purohita) and astrologer (sāṃvatsara) as a crucial, unexplored development in early Indian religion. In order to capture these historical developments, it outlines a method for the comparative study of ritual forms over time.


Author(s):  
Konrad Huber

The chapter first surveys different types of figurative speech in Revelation, including simile, metaphor, symbol, and narrative image. Second, it considers the way images are interrelated in the narrative world of the book. Third, it notes how the images draw associations from various backgrounds, including biblical and later Jewish sources, Greco-Roman myths, and the imperial cult, and how this enriches the understanding of the text. Fourth, the chapter looks at the rhetorical impact of the imagery on readers and stresses in particular its evocative, persuasive, and parenetic function together with its emotional effect. And fifth, it looks briefly at the way reception history shows how the imagery has engaged readers over time. Thus, illustrated by numerous examples, it becomes clear how essentially the imagery of the book of Revelation constitutes and determines its theological message.


1977 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Meddick

SUMMARYThe ability of six different types of contamination control mats currently in use at the entrances to theatre suites and other clean areas to remove bacteria-carrying particles from theatre trolley wheels was compared. Marked differences in the effectiveness of this property were obtained; and all mats showed some disadvantages. Modification of one of the mats has resulted in improved efficiency under working conditions.


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