The Age and Time of No Retirement

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Adnan ul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Population Rate

This comparative study considers global perspective by including developed and developing economies for exploring the social and economic impact of aging. Using stratified, purposive, and networking technique, the online opened-ended questions responses were gathered from the sample of 258. The findings confirmed that there is no age of retirement. Aging population contributions are significant and termed in this study as ‘knowledge-gem' (GK). The older population rate is increasing at a greater pace in the emerging economies in comparison to developed economies. Interestingly, the social activities remain constant in both types of economies. Post-retirement, elderly women are significant contributors to social activities while men have significant contribution to economic activities. From the cultural perspective, the aging population is mainly found in the ‘collectivism' on the grid-group cultural (GGC) model. The aging population is facing the challenges of in-equalities based on gender, class, and race in both developed and less-developed economies.

Taking social investment seriously in developed economies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Hemerijck
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Social

This chapter looks at the new integration of social with economic policy from the developing economies perspective. It will highlight the key social policy instruments in what were seen as ‘pre-welfare state’ economies, before surveying the ‘social policy spring’ occurring notably in Latin America and in Asia. The chapter will draw out the main learnings for social policy research from the new productivist models associated with Inclusive Growth.

Rationality and Decision-Making of Small Farmers: The Case of Ghana

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwasi Boahene
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Cultural Considerations ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Rational Behaviour

According to anthropologists and sociologists of non-western societies, small-scale farmers in the developing economies are not self-seeking profit maximizers—i.e., their activities are not oriented towards economic efficiency—compared to their counterparts in the developed economies. They are said to include cultural considerations in their decision-making process. As a result, sociology has been typically divided into western and non-western sociology. This gives the impression that societies are polarized into two extremes each of which requires a different method of analysis. The paper argues that in the less industrialised as in the industrialised societies, economic activities are subject to economic as well as socio-cultural considerations, although in the former, the cultural component may count more. A socio-economic model of rational behaviour has been developed to explain the activities of small cocoa farmers in Ghana. The relevance of a socio-economic model to explain the decision-making of the Ghanaian farmers broadens the notion of rational behaviour, and lends little support to the implications associated with the categorization of sociology into western and non-western sociology.

Development and Implementation of Adaptive Trade Policy in the Era of Digital Globalization Based on Virtual Exchange of Intellectual Knowledge

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Vsevolod Chernyshenko ◽  
Yulia Vertakova ◽  
Vardan Mkrttchian
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Firm Strategy ◽  
Economic Openness ◽  
Economic Nationalism ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Social ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Intellectual Knowledge

Different countries practice economic nationalism in different ways based on their emerging priorities in the social, political, and economic contexts. Both the developed economies and developing economies are exhibiting a recent surge in economic nationalism. The increasing globalization and the growth of world markets through greater exports has threatened the economic growth of developed economies that import more than export like the U.S.A. Many Asian firms have become globally competitive by using the processes of globalization and economic nationalism. Through effective firm strategy and economic nationalistic policies of China, the Chinese multi-national firm Huawei has exceeded Swedish firm Ericsson for making telecommunication equipment. Other examples include Lenovo and Haier from China and Infosys from India. Many Western nations including U.S. are beginning to warm up to the idea of using economic nationalistic policies to promote their own industries and make them more competitive globally. A country's economic openness affects its economic nationalism.

scholarly journals Capital and Firm Specific Characteristics: An Examination of the Survival of Deposit-Taking Financial Institutions (DFI) in Latin America and the Caribbean during the Financial Crisis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Twila Mae Logan ◽  
Doreen J. Gooden
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Indigenous Institutions ◽  
Capital Ratios ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis

This paper aims to assess how capital influences the likelihood of survival of Latin American and Caribbean financial institutions during normal economic times, and the 2008 financial crisis. These financial institutions operate in developing economies that are vulnerable to externals shocks, characterized by large foreign institutions, small indigenous institutions, and high dependence on bank financing due to underdeveloped capital markets. The study uses logistic regressions to estimate the likelihood of survival for three non-overlapping periods – pre, post, and during the 2008 recession. Bankscope provided both financial and firm characteristics (ownership and organizational structures) data. Separate analyses were done based on the size of the institutions. The paper provides empirical indicating that different factors influence the survival of large and small institutions. Higher capital ratios increase the likelihood of survival during the post-recession period especially for smaller institutions. In general, smaller indigenous institutions were less likely to survive. Bank regulators in the regions can use the results of this study to increase their understanding of the factors that influence the failure of financial institutions during different economic periods. This knowledge can be used to implement modifications in how existing regulations are applied to different types of financial institutions. This paper identifies the role of capital, ownership and institutional structures, and size in assessing the likelihood of survival during periods of varying economic activities in developing economies. The paper also highlights similarities and differences with studies conducted in developed economies.

PENGARUH PENYELENGGARAAN HAJI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS EKONOMl DI WILAYAH PROPINSI DKI JAKARTA

ALQALAM ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Chairul Akmal
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Travel Agency ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises

This research analyzes some factors affecting economic activities in relation with the conduct of pilgrimage. Those factors are the pilgrimage cost, the amount of pilgrims, and the amount of pilgrimage officers. The objective of this research is to acquire the information of how each factor and all factors together affect the economic activities. This research also analyzes the effect of foods and drinks expenses, the effect of nonfoods and drinks expenses, and the effect of miscellaneous expenses on UMKM - Micro, Small, Medium enterprises' economic activities.             This research is conducted in DKI Jakarta in 2007. The population of this research is the average economic activities in DKI Jakarta in 2007. There are 42 respondents (Banks), 157 respondents (travel agencies), and 50 respondents (UMKM - Micro, Small, Medium enterprises) which are taken as samples from the population using the purposive sampling method. The data is obtained by the researcher using questioners and secondary data which is taken from 1990-2007.             The methodology used in this research is based on. the causal relationship model In testing the hypothesis of this research, the researcher uses the simple and multiple regression methods, and path analysis method. The significant rate a = 0,05 used in determining the interpretation of the statistic result. The data is processed using SPSS (Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences) version 12.00.             The results of the analysis in the 1st equation -are (i) the effect of the pilgrimage cost on banks' revenues is quite strong, (ii) the effect of the pilgrimage cost on travel agencies' revenues is quite strong, (iii) the effect of the pilgrimage cost on UMKM - Micro, Small, Medium enterprises' revenues is weak.             The results of the analysis in the 2nd equation are (i) the effect, of the amount of pilgrims on Banks' revenues is very weak, (ii) the effect of the amount of pilgrims on travel agencies' revenues is very weak, (iii) the effect of the amount of pilgrims on UMKM - Micro, Smal4 Medium enterprises' revenues is very weak.             The results of the analysis in the 3rd equation are (i) the effect of the amount of pilgrimage officers on banks' revenues is very weak, (ii) the effect of the amount of pilgrimage officers on travel agencies' revenues is very weak, (iii) the effect of the amount officers on UMKM-Micro, Small Medium enterprises' revenues is very weak.   The results of the analysis in the 4th equation are (i) the effect of all three factors which are the pilgrimage cost, the amount of pilgrims, and the amount of pilgrimage officers simultaneously on banks' revenues is very strong, (ii) The effect of all three factors which are pilgrimage costs, the amount of pilgrims, and the amount of pilgrimage officers simultaneously on travel agencies' revenues is strong, (iii) The effect of all three factors which are pilgrimage costs, the amount of pilgrims, and the amount of pilgrimage officers simultaneously on UMKM-Micro, Small Medium enterprises' revenues is strong.             The result of the analysis in the 5th equation is the effect of foods and drinks expenses on UMKM-Micro, Small Medium enterprises' revenues is weak. In the 6th equation, the effect of nonfoods and drinks expenses on UMKM-Micro, small Medium enterprises' revenues is weak. In the 7th equation, the effect of miscellaneous expenses on UMKM - Micro, Small Medium enterprises' revenues is quite strong. In the 8th equation, the effect of all three factors which are the effect of foods and drinks expenses, the effect of nonfoods and drinks expenses, and the effect of miscellaneous expenses simultaneously on UMKM-Micro, Small Medium enterprises' revenues is quite strong.             The implication of the research results mentioned above is the factors in the conduct of pilgrimage do increase the economic activities (Banks, Travel Agencies, and UMKM - Micro, Smal4 Medium enterprises) in DKI Jakarta. Therefore, considering that matter, the General Director of the conduct of pilgrimage division of Department of Religion Republic of Indonesia should determine the pilgrimage cost which is affordable, increase the service, and provide a good information system which will result in a better conduct of the pilgrimage. Key word: The Costs of Hajj, Hajj Officer, Travel Agency, UMKM

Diffusion and Adoption of Corruption in Developing Economies: Evidence from Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Solomon A. Keelson ◽  
Thomas Cudjoe ◽  
Manteaw Joy Tenkoran
Keyword(s):  
Social Values ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Developing Economy ◽  
Theoretical Underpinning ◽  
Institutional Failure ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Diffusion

The present study investigates diffusion and adoption of corruption and factors that influence the rate of adoption of corruption in Ghana. In the current study, the diffusion and adoption of corruption and the factors that influence the speed with which corruption spreads in society is examined within Ghana as a developing economy. Data from public sector workers in Ghana are used to conduct the study. Our findings based on the results from One Sample T-Test suggest that corruption is perceived to be high in Ghana and diffusion and adoption of corruption has witnessed appreciative increases. Social and institutional factors seem to have a larger influence on the rate of corruption adoption than other factors. These findings indicate the need for theoretical underpinning in policy formulation to face corruption by incorporating the relationship between the social values and institutional failure, as represented by the rate of corruption adoption in developing economies.

Beyond the Social Determinants of Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Laura Hall ◽  
Urpi Pine ◽  
Tanya Shute
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Social ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
People First

Abstract This paper will reflect on key findings from a Summer 2017 initiative entitled The Role of Culture and Land-Based Healing in Addressing and Ending Violence against Indigenous Women and Two-Spirited People. The Indigenist and decolonizing methodological approach of this work ensured that all research was grounded in experiential and reciprocal ways of learning. Two major findings guide the next phase of this research, complicating the premise that traditional economic activities are healing for Indigenous women and Two-Spirit people. First, the complexities of the mainstream labour force were raised numerous times. Traditional economies are pressured in ongoing ways through exploitative labour practices. Secondly, participants emphasized the importance of attending to the responsibility of nurturing, enriching, and sustaining the wellbeing of soil, water, and original seeds in the process of creating renewal gardens as a healing endeavour. In other words, we have an active role to play in healing the environment and not merely using the environment to heal ourselves. Gardening as research and embodied knowledge was stressed by extreme weather changes including hail in June, 2018, which meant that participants spent as much time talking about the healing of the earth and her systems as the healing of Indigenous women in a context of ongoing colonialism.

A Simple Inter-Industry Model of Pakistan, with an Application to Pakistan's Sixth Five-Year Plan

1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 531-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suleiman I. Cohen ◽  
Ivo C. Havinga ◽  
Mohammad Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Econometric Model ◽  
Social Accounting Matrix ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Social Accounting ◽  
Output Table ◽  
The Social ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
Industry Relations ◽  
Current Modelling

The macro-econometric model of Pakistan's economy by Naqvi et al. (3) is the first completed work in a renewed effort to model significant economic and social activities and issues in Pakistan. One of the current modelling efforts in which the authors are participating aims at combining elements from the macro-econometric model, inter-industry relations, factor market relations, and social accounting frameworks. This effort is now made possible by the compilation of the relevant statistics relating to an input-output table and the social accounting matrix ....................................................................................................

Macroeconomic Shocks and Unconventional Monetary Policy

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Macroeconomic Shocks ◽  
Monetary Policies ◽  
Developed Economies

Barely two decades after the Asian financial crisis Asia was suddenly confronted with multiple challenges originating outside the region: the 2008 global financial crisis, the European debt crisis, and, finally developed economies’ implementation of unconventional monetary policies. Especially the implementation of quantitative easing (QE), ultra-low interest rate policies, and negative interest rate policies by a number of large central banks has given rise to concerns over financial stability and international capital flows. One of the regions most profoundly affected by the crisis was Asia due to its high dependence on international trade and international financial linkages. The objective of this book is to explain how macroeconomic shocks stemming from the global financial crisis and recent unconventional monetary policies in developed economies have affected macroeconomic and financial stability in emerging markets, with a particular focus on Asia. In particular, the book covers the following thematic areas: (i) the spillover effects of macroeconomic shocks on financial markets and flows in emerging economies; (ii) the impact of recent macroeconomic shocks on real economies in emerging markets; and (iii) key challenges for the monetary, exchange rate, trade, and macroprudential policies of developing economies, especially Asian economies, and suggestions and recommendations to increase resiliency against external shocks.

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