Chinese OEM Manufacturing Roadmap

2022 ◽  
pp. 163-182
Author(s):  
Biqi Zhou ◽  
Rob Kim Marjerison ◽  
Fa-Hsiang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Industrial Evolution ◽  
Brand Development ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
The Many

This study seeks to explore the strategic alternatives for the many small and medium-sized manufacturing firms in China that play an OEM role in the global value chain. Declining margins due to rising production costs and intense competition from emerging manufacturing industries in Southeast Asia necessitates the transformation of China's traditional manufacturing industry. The result is opportunities for the creation and manufacturing of domestic brands. A multiple-case study methodology is used with primary data collection through in-depth interviews, supported by secondary data on the subject firms. The findings reveal an awareness of the opportunities afforded by the trend towards the development of domestic brands as well as the vision, strategy, tactics, and forecasting related to a transition to brand creation. This chapter could be of interest to those with an interest in manufacturing transition, brand development, and providing direction to OEM SMEs in China that seek to develop a strategic roadmap during the imminent industrial evolution and transformation.

scholarly journals Success and Threats in the Clustering of the Automotive Industry in Spain: The Role of Public and Private Agents

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Albors-Garrigos ◽  
Antonio Collado
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Industry Agglomeration

Research Question: This article clarifies the role of clusters in industry agglomeration efficiency as well as the role that public and private agents play in their efficiency. Motivation: The automobile industry in Spain is an exception to the industrial decline suffered by the secondary sector since the economic crisis exploded in Spain. Employment in the vehicle manufacturing industry has recovered significantly in Spain in 2017, with a significant growth bringing it closer to 2008 levels. The sector accounts for 8.6 % of the country's GNP. How can we explain this success? Are there new threats (technology, environmental standards, emerging economies, etc.) menacing the sector? Based on value chain and cluster theories we explain its success and how new threats could be managed? The response lays in analyzing the role of cluster agents in the various clusters dynamics. The research shows how the openness of clusters plays a crucial role in their sustainability. Idea: Based on value chain and cluster theories we explain their success and how new threats could be managed? The response lays in analyzing the role of cluster agents in the various clusters dynamics. The research shows how the openness of clusters plays a crucial role in their sustainability. Data: primary data was collected in two surveys and interviews campaigns during 2013 and 2017. Furthermore, secondary data from national, regional and sectoral sources were  analysed. Tools: The research is based on a series of interviews and visits to the automotive clusters in Spain. Additionally, the authors have analyzed abundant secondary information and web contents available on the clusters agents: manufacturers, suppliers, unions, associations, etc. Findings: The paper concludes that regional and national policies are relevant but that consensus between clusters’ agents is essential for their success. However, will the existing agents be able to withstand new threats? .Contribution: The article contributes to clusters literature and the clusters’ role of the agents in the global value chain context. It also sheds light on public policies to support automotive industries. Limitations are linked to resource limitations.

Development of Leather Cutting Board from Plastic Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitsum Etefa Ahmed ◽  
Rotick K. Gideon
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Reinforcing Material ◽  
The Cost

Cutting is the process in which goods or garment material are cut and converted into pattern shapes of the goods or garment components. There are two methods of Leather cutting, which are hand cutting and machine cutting. Hand cutting is done with the use of hand knife, cutting board and cutting patterns. Machine cutting can be done using semi-automatic cutting machines or fully-automatic cutting machines. Currently, in Ethiopia, different local and foreign investors are participating in leather products manufacturing. Most of the leather product manufacturing industry and some Small and Medium enterprise’s (SME’s) in the country are using leather cutting machines in order to cut leather goods or garment parts. Most of the industry and SMEs are using imported cutting board made of plastics and rubbers. However, these cutting boards are expensive.   This research aimed at developing a cutting board made from HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) plastic waste as main material, calcium carbonate as a filler and glass fiber as a reinforcing material. Primary and secondary data gathering techniques were applied simultaneously. Primary data were collected through interview and field observation. Secondary data was gathered by reviewing different literature. The cutting board developed through collecting HDPE plastic waste, washing, shredding and melting the shredded plastic with filler and reinforcing material. The melted plastic poured in to cutting board mold and cooled. The developed cutting board was compared with HDPE cutting board available in the local market. The developed board showed relative compression and hardness properties with the HDPE cutting board available in the market. In the cost analysis, the developed cutting board is cheaper than the cutting board which available in the market. However, the cutting board in the market has better surface texture and quality than the developed cutting board. Melting HDPE plastic waste using metal or clay cooking pots and charcoal fire is a tedious task and smoke from the fire will cause human health problem and will affect environment. Consequently, manual plastic melting method is not feasible for mass production, because it is difficult to control the amount of heat (charcoal fire) during melting process. Based on this the authors recommend using machine based plastic melting and molding during HDPE and related plastic recycling.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the performance of Indonesian special food SMEs in entrepreneurial orientation in East Java

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benny Hutahayan
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Content Type

Purpose This study aims to examine comprehensively the factors determining the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) producing Indonesian special food in East Java. Design/methodology/approach This study is quantitative and qualitative. Primary data was collected from entrepreneurs in East Java, those producing Indonesian special food. Secondary data was obtained from the literature, literature study, journals, Central Bureau of Statistics and the office of industry, trade, cooperatives and SMEs in East Java. Areas selected for this study were Surabaya, Madiun, Malang, Pasuruan, Lamongan and Banyuwangi. The population was small and medium entrepreneurs producing Indonesian special food in the selected cities. Based on the PLS sampling rule, the number of samples in each research area was 50, with total of 300 respondents (50 × 6). The methods of collecting primary data were interviews and questionnaire. Data analysis was done using GSCA. Findings The study firstly found the significant influence of entrepreneurial orientation on business strategies of SMEs producing Indonesian special food in East Java. SME managers have a high entrepreneurial orientation. Secondly, it found a significant influence of entrepreneurial orientation on business performance of SMEs producing Indonesian special food in East Java. Thirdly, the study found that government policy is not a moderating variable. Additionally, business strategies have a significant influence on the performance of SMEs producing Indonesian special food in East Java. Finally, dynamics of the environment and business strategy have a significant influence on the performance of manufacturing industry in South Sulawesi. Originality/value To know the effect of entrepreneurial orientation, environmental dynamism, consisting of uncertainty of environment and intensity of competition, and business strategies toward business performance. Considering the findings of the previous studies, the authors would like to re-examine the effect of entrepreneurial orientation on business performance, which also compares the findings of previous studies, especially, the one by Lee and Tsang (2003) on SMEs in Singapore.

scholarly journals PERAN KELOMPOK TANI AKASIA TERHADAP KEBERDAYAAN PETANI PADI SAWAH DI DESA CABEAN KECAMATAN DEMAK KABUPATEN DEMAK JAWA TENGAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Ella Latifarruhma ◽  
Tutik Dalmiyatun ◽  
Dyah Mardiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
High Category ◽  
Class A ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
The Many ◽  
Simple Regression

Indonesia is an agricultural country where the majority of population has a livelihood as a farmers. Rice is one of the many agricultural commodities needed by the community to fulfill their daily needs. Rice farmers has problems running their farms so they join a group to solve the problem. Farmers group have a role as a learning class, a vehicle for cooperation, production units and business units, sampling is done using census method, the data taken is primary data and secondary data which is then analyzed using simple regression. The result of the study show that farmer group as a learning class has a high category, as vehicle of cooperation has a moderate category, as a production units has a moderate category and as a business units has a high category. Akasia farmer groups have taken on all the roles as a farmer groups. Advice given is the existence of a rice storage warehouse facility for members of the akasia farmer groups.

scholarly journals NILAI TUKAR PETANI KOMODITAS PERKEBUNAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Chairul Muslim
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
The Exchange Rate

<p>Abstract : One indicator / measuring tool that</p><p>can be used to assess farmers' welfare<br />is Farmers Exchange Rate. This paper is part of the research result of PATANAS<br />(Panel Petani Nasional) conducted by Indonesian Center for Agriculture Socio<br />Economic and Policy Analysis in Fiscal Year 2009-2012. More detail the purpose of<br />writing this paper is to analyze Farmers Farmer's Exchange Rate (palm, cocoa,<br />rubber and sugar cane) in Patanas villages. Primary data sources are farming efforts<br />resulting from Patanas studies in 2008 and 2012 in four provinces, namely Jambi<br />Province (representing rubber and palm oil), East Java (sugarcane), West Kalimantan<br />(rubber and palm oil), and South Sulawesi (representing cocoa commodities).<br />Secondary data obtained from local government related agencies. The result shows<br />that rubber NTP period of 2009-2012 shows positive that the price received is bigger<br />than the price paid, it shows that farmers are able to cover all cost components. NTP<br />cocoa there is a decline in the exchange rate of income of 57.08%. This decline in<br />exchange rates in line with the decline in the increase in the exchange rate of farm<br />income. Thus the exchange rate of cocoa farmers (NTP &lt;100) means that the<br />purchasing power of farmers is relatively low, because the received is lower than the<br />price paid. NTP palms and sugar cane show a positive phenomenon (NTP&gt; 100) of<br />farm income can cover production costs so that the price received is greater than the<br />price paid, indicating better welfare of household life. Of course, the role of the<br />government to participate in increasing the income of farmers through the assistance<br />of subsidized agricultural input, provision of infrastructure; as well as policies for<br />controlling household consumption expenditures (such as the provision of raskin subsidized education, health subsidies, etc.) are highly relevant in improving the<br />welfare of farmers.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak : Salah satu indikator/alat ukur yang dapat digunakan untuk menilai tingkat<br />kesejahteraan petani adalah Nilai Tukar Petani. Tulisan ini merupakan bagian hasil<br />penelitian PATANAS ( Panel Petani Nasional ) yang dilaksanakan oleh Pusat Analisis<br />Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian pada Tahun Anggaran 2009–2012. Lebih<br />detail tujuan penulisan makalah ini adalah menganalisis Nilai Tukar Petani Kebun<br />(sawit,kakao, karet dan tebu) di desa-desa Patanas. Sumber data primer adalah usaha<br />tani yang dihasilkan dari studi Patanas tahun 2008 dan 2012 di empat propinsi, yaitu<br />Provinsi Jambi, (mewakili komoditas karet dan sawit), Jawa Timur (tebu), Kalimantan<br />Barat (komoditas karet dan sawit), dan Sulawesi Selatan (mewakili komoditas kakao).<br />Data sekunder didapat dari instansi terkait pemerintah daerah. Hasil menunjukkan<br />bahwa NTP karet  periode 2009-2012 menunjuukan positif artinya harga yang<br />diterima lebih besar dari pada harga yang dibayarkan, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa<br />petani mampu untuk menutupi seluruh komponen biaya. NTP kakao terjadi penurunan<br />nilai tukar pendapatan sebesar 57,08 persen Penurunan nilai tukar ini sejalan dengan<br />penurunan peningkatan nilai tukar pendapatan usahatani. Dengan demikian nilai tukar petani kakao ( NTP&lt;100) artinya kemampuan daya beli petani relative rendah, karena<br />yang diterima lebih rendah disbanding harga yang dibayarkan. NTP sawit dan tebu <br />menunjukkan gejala yang posif ( NTP&gt;100) dari pendapatan usahatani dapat menutupi<br />biaya produksi sehingga harga yang diterima lebih besar disbanding harga yang<br />dibayar, menunjukkan kesejahteraan hidup rumahtangga yang lebih baik. Tentunya<br />peran pemerintah turut serta untuk peningkatan pendapatan petani melalui bantuan<br />subidi saprodi, penyediaan infrastruktur; serta kebijakan untuk pengendalian<br />pengeluaran konsumsi rumahtangga (seperti pemberian raskin, subsidi pendidikan,<br />subsidi kesehatan, dan lainnya) dinilai sangat relevan dalam perbaikan kesejahteraan<br />petani. <br /><br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals ELEMEN KLASTER INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN SUSU DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Nur Laili Marufah ◽  
Tri Djoko Wisnumurti ◽  
Budi Guntoro
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Milk Product ◽  
Coffee Shop ◽  
Milk Processing

<p><span><em>This research was conducted to study the elements and value chain of milk-processing cluster </em><span><em>industry in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. The respondent in this study consisted of cow and goats milk </em><span><em>processing industry, dairy cooperative and related institution. The data consisted of primary data and </em><span><em>secondary data. Primary data were collected through observation and interviews, while secondary data </em><span><em>obtained from statistical data from Department of Industry, Trade and Cooperatives, Agricultural Service </em><span><em>of Agriculture Department and LPPOM MUI DIY. Descriptive analysis were used in this study to analyzed </em><span><em>the data. Respondent and locations were determined using purposive sampling methods lead to be </em><span><em>analyse descriptively. The results showed that stakeholders involved as important elements of milkprocessing cluster industry were milk suppliers (farmer, dairy groups, and cooperative), core industry </em><span><em>(small-medium scale processor of cow’s and goat milk), supporting industry (sugar, packaging and tools), </em><span><em>supporting institution (bank, university, and government agencies), related industry (food chain, bakery, </em><span><em>and coffee shop), and also buyers (retailer, distributor, end user or consumer). Their main products are </em><span><em>pasteurized cow’s and goat milk, yoghurt of cow’s milk, and goat milk powder. The long chains to produce </em><span><em>milk product since the raw milk have indicated some added values on economy and involvement of </em><span><em>man powers leading to local economic development as well as of technology innovation or industry. It has </em><span><em>been concluded that milk-processing cluster industry could be used as a locomotive for regional </em><span><em>economics development.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><em></em><br /><span><em>(Key words: Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Elements, Milk-processing cluster industry, Regional economic </em><span><em>development, Value chain)</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></p>

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN PROFITABILITAS PADA PETERNAKAN SAPI PERAH SUMBER MULYA DI KABUPATEN KEPAHIANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
dadang suherman ◽  
◽  
Sutriyono Sutriyono ◽  
Riko Herdiansah ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Income Data ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
Profitability Ratios

ABSTRACT The study was purposed to find out income and profitability was achieved by a Sumber Mulya dairy farm. Research was held in July – Agust 2018 in Sumber Mulya dairy farm Kepahiang. The methods used in this research is case study method. Primary Data obtained through interviews with the respondents and recording. Data obtained for time 12 months on technical aspects and financial data covering production costs, data revenue, income data, the amount of data the data the amount of milk production and livestock lactation. Secondary data retrieved from the data contained in these farms. Data analysis used analysis formulas use income and profitability ratios. The result showed that Sumber Mulya Dairy cattle farm was net incomeaverages per month is Rp. 5,427,176,91 with the number of 7.00 averagecows lactation flat tail. Total cost per month of Rp.10,032,823.29 Profitability achieved by the company said 10,78% profitable because the value of profitability is greater than the interest rate a bank of 4.35%. Key word : income, dairy farm, profitability, dairy farm, milk production

scholarly journals Analysis of Pomegranate Value Chain in Kandahar Province of Afghanistan: Issues and Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-144
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasham Daqiq
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Value Chain Analysis ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
The World

Pomegranates are one of the most important fruits in the Kandahar province of Afghanistan, which is famous for its pomegranates around the world. Pomegranates play a vital role in the socio-economic life of those who grow them. This study empirically analyzed the value chain of pomegranate production in Kandahar using primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected from 200 pomegranate growers in the Dand, Panjwai, and Daman districts of Kandahar province. These growers were selected using a random sampling method and the data was collected using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire. The secondary data was collected from traders, local collectors, and exporters of pomegranates involving 30 pomegranate selling companies. The value chain analysis shows that from the main four chains of pomegranate production (farmer, collector, trader, and exporter), the main actors are the exporters who process pomegranate and add the greatest value by investing in marketing, shipment, and warehousing and receive highest profit margin among the stakeholders. Exporters of pomegranates to Europe earn an average of 66 Afghani per kg. The next greatest beneficiaries are the growers or farmers who earn an average of 23 AFN on each kg. Local collectors who buy pomegranates from farmers earn the least, at an average of 13 AFN per kg over the costs of processing and transportation.

scholarly journals The Implementation of South Sumatera Industrial Downstreaming for Rubber Products Strategic Policy with The Establishment of Tanjung Api-Api Special Economic Zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Sari Mutiara Aisyah ◽  
M. Yustian Yusa ◽  
Nur Aslamiah Supli ◽  
OK.Mohammad Fajar Ikhsan
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Special Economic Zone ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Strategic Policy ◽  
Economic Zone

The downstreaming option to provide added value to local industries, especially developing countries in the Global Value Chain (GVC) era as a way to increase competitiveness and seizing global markets, is inevitable. This paper focus on the analysis of the developments and limitations faced in the implementation of the Strategic Policy of South Sumatra Rubber Product Downstreaming with the establishment of Tanjung Api-Api Special Economic Zone. At the regional level, the idea of developing SEZ (Special Economic Zone) aims to prepare investment institutions in improving the investment climate in Southeast Asia region and manifesting ASEAN as a single market and production base as a component of the 2015 ASEAN Economic Community. This study used an exploratory and descriptive qualitative research method, where the depth and context of the data are important. Data from this study consisted of secondary data through literature study and analysis of documents and primary data obtained from interview as well as through field research. The author concludes that the industrial downstreaming of rubber products in South Sumatra has not been maximally carried out, it was still segmented, it was not conducted linearly, both production and coordination between the central government and the locals. Tanjung Api-Api SEZ as a hub for international trade and industrialization of rubber commodities also encountered various obstacles including infrastructure (deep sea port) at this point was inadequate, certainty of fiscal incentives for companies relocating to SEZ and licensing.

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