Individual Factors Affecting the Participation of Turkish People in the New Individual Pension System

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Emine Ebru Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Limited Participation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
System A ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

In Turkey, the first step of the individual pension system was based on volunteerism, but the voluntary system resulted in limited participation. Thus, the second step of the system has started to be implemented mandatorily since 2017, and participants were allowed to opt-out the system within two months. More than half of participants in the system preferred to leave the system. Therefore, this study aims to examine individual factors affecting their decision of staying in this system. A survey study was conducted with 374 people selected using the random sampling method. As a result of the study, a positive relationship was found only between the dependent variable and gender, but a significant relationship was determined only between the dependent variable and education level. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that if the system will need to be improved, the low-performing fund management of the new individual pension system should be re-audited, and the confidence in the system should be increased in this way.

Individual Factors Affecting the Participation of Turkish People in the New Individual Pension System

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-116
Author(s):  
Emine Ebru Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Limited Participation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
System A ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

In Turkey, the first step of the individual pension system was based on volunteerism, but the voluntary system resulted in limited participation. Thus, the second step of the system has started to be implemented mandatorily since 2017, and participants were allowed to opt-out the system within two months. More than half of participants in the system preferred to leave the system. Therefore, this study aims to examine individual factors affecting their decision of staying in this system. A survey study was conducted with 374 people selected using the random sampling method. As a result of the study, a positive relationship was found only between the dependent variable and gender, but a significant relationship was determined only between the dependent variable and education level. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that if the system will need to be improved, the low-performing fund management of the new individual pension system should be re-audited, and the confidence in the system should be increased in this way.

Early career values and individual factors of objective career success

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Giraud ◽  
Alain Bernard ◽  
Laura Trinchera
Keyword(s):  
Career Success ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Career Values ◽  
Business Graduates ◽  
Business Market ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Job

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the early career values and individual factors of objective career success among graduates from a top-tier French business school. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a quantitative analysis of 629 graduates classified in three job markets according to income: the traditional business market, the alternative market and the high-potential business market. The graduation dates span a period of 12 years before the 2008 Recession. Findings The findings suggest that membership of each job market is associated with distinct early career values (when choosing/leaving the first job). Moreover, the authors confirm that the presence of a mentor, international experience, job-hopping and gender, all affect objective career success. Practical implications The paper discusses implications for business career development and higher business education. Originality/value The originality of this study lies in the identification of the individual factors of objective career success among French business graduates and the links between objective career success and early career values.

scholarly journals Measuring the level of Job Satisfaction of the Employees of Grameen Bank: An Empirical Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Grameen Bank ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Employee Job Satisfaction ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Overall Job Satisfaction ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The aim of this study is to measure the level of job satisfaction among the employees of Grameen Bank. It describes the factors of job satisfaction from the earlier literature and identifies their impacts on the overall job satisfaction of employees. The sample size of this study is 50 employees from the different branches of Grameen Bank. Data were collected from 10 branches of Grameen Bank by means of a structured questionnaire. The findings of the study show that organizational factors such as working conditions, pay, fairness and promotion significantly influence job satisfaction of the employees in Grameen Bank and the individual factors such as age and gender do not significantly influence employee job satisfaction in the Bank.

scholarly journals Factoren die een rol spelen bij het denken over rechtvaardige verdeling van vermogen en inkomen : Een surveyonderzoek onder de Nederlandse bevolking

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-114
Author(s):  
Evert-Jan Rotshuizen ◽  
Helen Pluut ◽  
Willem van Boom
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Political Preference ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Objective Performance ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One ◽  
Allocation Decisions

Abstract Factors That Influence How People Think About the Fairness of Distribution of Wealth and Income: A Survey Study Among Dutch CitizensEver since ancient Greece, people have philosophized and discussed about the fair distribution of resources. A body of empirical research on this topic has emerged in the second half of the 20st century. Oftentimes, respondents are presented with a distribution and asked whether they consider it just. In this paper, respondents are asked to allocate a sum of money across three families that represent distinct allocation principles ‐ we study the principles of equality, need, subjective performance, and objective performance. We find that individuals heavily weigh the need principle in their allocation decisions. However, our research also shows that allocation behavior is on the one hand dependent on the situation and on the other hand associated with individual factors. Political preference and gender do not influence the allocation behaviors of individuals, but religion and age have the hypothesized effects.

Further Reform of China’s Pension System: A Realistic Alternative Option to Fully Funded Individual Accounts

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-135
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Individual Account ◽  
System A ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
The Individual

China's newly established three-pillar pension system consists of: basic pension; fully funded individual account; and voluntary commercial pension insurance. The second component faces immense financial difficulties caused by transitional costs in the short term and demographic changes in the long term. In addition, the inefficiency of the current capital market and the lack of fund management skills mean that these financial problems are unlikely to be solved within the existing framework of the fully funded individual account. This paper suggests another option—changing the fully funded individual account to a notional defined contribution individual account that operates on a pay-as-you-go basis. This change will keep the advantages of the individual account and avoid the huge risks caused by China's immature capital market.

scholarly journals MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF THE AUTOMOBILE DYNAMICS MOVEMENT USING MATLAB SIMULINK SOFTWARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
Tai Tan Phan
Keyword(s):  
Transmission System ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Propeller Shaft ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Movement Model ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
System Components ◽  
The Individual

As the car moving, the power of the engine is transmitted to the active wheel through the transmission system. In such a transmission, the power is lost due to friction in the powertrain and the power of the active wheel will be less than the output of the engine. The transmission system consists of components such as clutches, transmissions, propeller shaft, active bridge, differential and active wheels. During the working process, each of these parts is affected by the individual factors that reduce their performance. This article is to analyze the structure, function, task and modeling of the vehicle transmission system components,  building the dynamics movement model of the transmission system according to D’Alambert principle, in which the dynamics of the wheel and the axle as well as the rigidity of the powertrain and chassis are mentioned. The Matlab Simulink software is used to simulate the automobile drive system. Thereby, the factors affecting the operation of the transmission system are analysed and evaluated in order to clarify the law of motion, and propose solutions that improve the quality of the transmission system on automobile.

scholarly journals A Social Psychological Review on Women’s Surname Change after Marriage and Divorce

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Orientation ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Psychological Review ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Marriage And Divorce ◽  
Feminist Identification ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Surname is an integral part of a person’s identity. However, surname which has many psychological and social meanings for the person is changed only for women after marriage. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to review the factors affecting women’s decisions regarding surname choice after marriage and divorce, as well as explaining the stereotypes and attitudes towards women who made traditional or untraditional name choices. In terms of the marital surname choice, women may adopt husband’s surname, hyphenate their birth surname and their husband’s surname, and retain only their birth surname. In this context, we presented not only related demographic variables such as age, socio-economic level, education level, and political orientation but also social psychological variables such as emphasis on family/motherhood, sexism, feminist identification, religiosity and perceived social norms. Then, studies focusing on the attitudes and stereotypes towards women who make different marital surname choices were presented. The traditional surname change was also considered in terms of patriarchy and gender-based discrimination. Additionally, possible effects of the post-divorce surname change on a woman's life were mentioned. In the conclusion part, the effects of surname change at the individual and societal level were discussed in parallel with the issues mentioned in the current article and further possible research ideas were suggested. Keywords: Surname change, surname choice, marriage, divorce, sexism, attitudes, stereotype

scholarly journals Methods of Combating the Legalization of Proceeds from Crime through Non-State Pension Funds

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
V.I. Tikhon
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Pension Funds ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
System A ◽  
The Individual ◽  
State Pension ◽  
State Pension Funds

The crisis in the field of social security of the population occurred in the process of transformation of economic relations, and, first of all, in the pension system. A reform of the pension system has been implementing for a sufficient period of time, in order to overcome the negative phenomena. Non-state pension funds (further NPFs) have been severely criticized by the Ministry of Health and Social Development to address the mandatory pension insurance system. Private organizations ineffectively manage the pension savings of citizens, and there is also a place for - the legalization of criminal proceeds, the ministry believes, which can be confirmed by the data published by the Bank of Russia on the revocation of licenses from a number of NPFs[1].The legalization of criminal proceeds is by itself a very negative phenomenon, which adversely affects the individual organization, the economy as a whole and social life, exerting a detrimental effect on the economic and national security of society and the state. Operations, to some extent related to the legalization of criminal proceeds, significantly increase the risk of loss of reputation for non-state pension funds. As a result, these monetary resources fall into the global financial system, and acquire the ability to undermine the national currency and the economies of individual countries, thus creating a threat to both national and international security. Keywords: Legalization of criminal proceeds, private pension funds, risk-oriented approach, internal control.

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