scholarly journals A Social Psychological Review on Women’s Surname Change after Marriage and Divorce

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Orientation ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Psychological Review ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Marriage And Divorce ◽  
Feminist Identification ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Surname is an integral part of a person’s identity. However, surname which has many psychological and social meanings for the person is changed only for women after marriage. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to review the factors affecting women’s decisions regarding surname choice after marriage and divorce, as well as explaining the stereotypes and attitudes towards women who made traditional or untraditional name choices. In terms of the marital surname choice, women may adopt husband’s surname, hyphenate their birth surname and their husband’s surname, and retain only their birth surname. In this context, we presented not only related demographic variables such as age, socio-economic level, education level, and political orientation but also social psychological variables such as emphasis on family/motherhood, sexism, feminist identification, religiosity and perceived social norms. Then, studies focusing on the attitudes and stereotypes towards women who make different marital surname choices were presented. The traditional surname change was also considered in terms of patriarchy and gender-based discrimination. Additionally, possible effects of the post-divorce surname change on a woman's life were mentioned. In the conclusion part, the effects of surname change at the individual and societal level were discussed in parallel with the issues mentioned in the current article and further possible research ideas were suggested. Keywords: Surname change, surname choice, marriage, divorce, sexism, attitudes, stereotype

Individual Factors Affecting the Participation of Turkish People in the New Individual Pension System

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Emine Ebru Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Limited Participation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
System A ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

In Turkey, the first step of the individual pension system was based on volunteerism, but the voluntary system resulted in limited participation. Thus, the second step of the system has started to be implemented mandatorily since 2017, and participants were allowed to opt-out the system within two months. More than half of participants in the system preferred to leave the system. Therefore, this study aims to examine individual factors affecting their decision of staying in this system. A survey study was conducted with 374 people selected using the random sampling method. As a result of the study, a positive relationship was found only between the dependent variable and gender, but a significant relationship was determined only between the dependent variable and education level. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that if the system will need to be improved, the low-performing fund management of the new individual pension system should be re-audited, and the confidence in the system should be increased in this way.

Social Psychological Dimensions of Resistance to Psychiatric Innovations

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1083-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregg S. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
State Mental Hospital ◽  
Innovative Behavior ◽  
Organizational Changes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Northeastern State ◽  
Total Institutions ◽  
Psychological Dimensions ◽  
State Mental

A pilot study was conducted in a large northeastern state mental hospital which attempted to isolate factors affecting staff resistance to innovations. Four social psychological variables: conservatism, dogmatism, machiavellianism, and faith in people were investigated. It was found that resistors scored higher on conservatism, dogmatism, and machiavellianism, and lower on faith in people than did acceptors. Such findings indicate that social psychological factors, which have largely been neglected in the study of innovative behavior, may be of considerable importance in understanding the reactions of members of organizations, especially total institutions, to organizational changes.

scholarly journals A Novel Model for Generating Creative, Community-Responsive Interventions to Reduce Gender-Based Violence on College Campuses

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7933
Author(s):  
Sophia Graham ◽  
Caroline Zha ◽  
Abby King ◽  
Ann Banchoff ◽  
Clea Sarnquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Community Factors ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Individual

Currently, the most successful prevention interventions against sexual violence (SV) on United States college campuses target modifications at the individual and interpersonal levels. Community-level interventions have been under-developed for college campuses. To address this gap, we employ a citizen science model for understanding campus community factors affecting SV risk. The model, called Our Voice, starts by engaging groups of college students to collect data in their own communities, identifying factors they view as increasing the risk of SV. In facilitated meetings, participants then review and analyze their collective data and use it to generate actionable community-level solutions and advocate for them with local decision-makers. We share findings from a first-generation study of the Our Voice model applied to SV prevention on one college campus, and include recommendations for further research.

scholarly journals Expertise in Automatism Study: An Application in the Consumption of Esthetics

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (58) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Amalia Raquel Pérez-Nebra ◽  
Claudio Vaz Torres
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In ◽  
Do So

Expertise is one of the ways one can make one’s behaviors become automatic, and with consumption it is no different. Explanatory models of this sort of behavior described in the literature up to now have considered only conscious or rational buying, and do not apply to automatic buying. The model proposed here is inspired by, and adapted from, the behavior analyses, integrating variables that have typically been neglected in the traditional models, such as contextual variables. This study aimed to describe the relationship between the reports of behavior linked to the consumption of esthetics (operationalized in four variables: commenting, getting information, using cosmetic products and services) and the individual variables and those of the setting where purchases related to beauty were made. In order to do so, 953 Brazilian women responded to an online questionnaire. The model was tested and partially confirmed. Contextual social-psychological variables were the only ones to predict routine buying. Demographic and individual variables did not account for the variance explanation of the behaviors measured. It is suggested that further studies should use and contribute to this model to enhance the understanding of automatic buying.

COVID-19 feminist framework and biopsychosocial-spiritual perspective for social workers and mental health practitioners to manage violence, abuse, and trauma against children, women, BIPOC, and LGBTQIA+ during and post-COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 002087282110671
Author(s):  
Sonia Mukhtar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mental Health Practitioners ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Spiritual Perspective ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

This article explains the integrated implementation of a COVID-19 Feminist Framework (CFF) and biopsychosocial-spiritual perspective (BPSS-P) on the inclusive equitability of social service providers, practitioners, and policy-developers on global platforms. Mechanisms of CFF and BPSS-P entail the process to address/mitigate institutional inequities, mental health issues, violation of human rights, race/sex/gender-based violence, abuse, and trauma amid COVID-19. This discourse is about raising consciousness, collective liberation, wellbeing, and equality for women, children, BIPOC, LGBTQIA+, and gender-diverse people. This article further discusses social workers and mental health practitioners’ uniqueness for short-term and long-term support for emotional, cognitive-behavioral, and psychosocial repercussions on the individual and community levels.

scholarly journals Are We Passing on Violence to the Next Generation?: Gender Norms and Gender-based Violence Attitudes among Early Adolescents in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Agung Agus Mahendra ◽  
Anggriyani Wahyu Pinandari ◽  
Ifta Choiriyah ◽  
Siswanto Agus Wilopo
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Intensification of gender norms during puberty affects adolescents’ perceptions and behavior related to violence. This study examined the association between gender norms and gender-based violence (GBV) among early adolescents considering socio-ecological variables using cross-sectional data from 3,618 Indonesian Global Early Adolescent Study pupils. Chi-square tests with simple and multiple logistic regression analyses examined how different factors' levels predict GBV. Among boys, GBV attitudes were found high (53%). Furthermore, they also had high heteronormative expectations, threatened feelings, experiences of violence, porn access, and 5+ adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Logistic regression results revealed that adolescent boys having one or two scores of gender norms at the above-median are 1.3 times more likely to commit GBV and even 2.2 times higher if all were above median [AOR(CI) =1.3(1.1-1.6); 2.2(1.7-2.8)], respectively. Boys, having 5+ ACEs, and stronger endorsement on heteronormative relationships were also more likely to commit GBV [AOR(CI) =1.5(1.3-1.7); 1.5(1.2-1.9); 1.5 (1.3-1.7)], respectively. This research concluded that unequal gender norms intensified during puberty strongly correlate to attitudes towards GBV among early adolescents. Strengthening the individual aspects by providing a more conducive environment, such as comprehensive sexual education at school, is essential to prevent GBV.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Status and Well-being among Early Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundaram Divya ◽  
Raj Paul
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

McAllister (2005) defined Well-being as “The absence of illness or pathology with subjective and objective dimensions” and states that Well-being can be measured at individual or societal level, accounting for the elements of life satisfaction that cannot be influenced by economic growth. Socio-Economic Status (SES) is defined as the hierarchy of social positions which describes a person’s social standing or class (Graetz, 1995) and gender refers to the array of socially constructed roles and relationships, personality traits, attitudes and behaviours that the society ascribes (Moser, 2003). The impact of Socio-Economic Status on Well-being studies the perception of the individual towards his/her Well-being in terms of their stand in the socio-economic strata of the society. There are no significant studies in this area of research correlating Socio-Economic Status, gender and Well-being of early adolescents and hence the study would be of importance. This research focuses on the measurement of the impact of Socio-Economic Status and gender on the Well-being of early adolescents, aged between 14-16 years. A purposive sample consisting of 200 adolescents (n=200), 100 boys and 100 girls from government and private schools in South India would be selected for the study. The Socio-Economic Status Scale (SESS) and the Personal Well-being Index- School Children (PWI-SC) will be used to measure Socio-Economic Status and Well-being respectively. The obtained data would be analysed using mean, t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The Socio-Economic Status is expected to affect the Well-being of children in terms of their personal as well as environmental conditions. The perception of Well-being is expected to be higher among girls than boys. The study will provide an insight of how the Socio-Economic Status of the family and gender will affect the perceived Well-being of the early adolescent. The study will serve as adequate data in understanding factors affecting Well-being and in devising ways of improving the basic needs of adolescents. It can help in the formulation of policies towards adolescents, in designing their educational curriculum, etc. It can also help in the designing of intervention for ‘at-risk’ adolescents.

scholarly journals The Representation of Trianon Trauma as a Chosen Trauma in Political Newspapers (1920–2010) in Hungary

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-93
Author(s):  
Barbara Ilg
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Historical Trauma ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Individual

The Treaty of Trianon and its consequences continue to be considered traumatic by both scholars and much of society in general. Trianon’s identification as a social or historical trauma not only spread amongst the public in general, but also penetrated historical discourse and journalism. A rather complex and controversial concept has been transposed from psychology to historiography. Hungarian historians generally use trauma in the classical social-psychological meaning: trauma is a social construct based on actual experience (Kovács 2015). In social psychology, the concept of trauma is based on the threat from the outside world to the individual and their identity. However, social trauma has much in common with individual trauma (László 2005). Inevitably, the question arises as to why the concept of psychic trauma seems to be an appropriate scientific description of the effects of Trianon. In my research, I undertook longitudinal content analysis of articles about Trianon and its consequences published in newspapers of various political orientation, divided into five-year periods between 1920 and 2010. The study uses the theoretical construction of social psychology, which involves examining the chosen trauma as a narrative structure. In this study, I present how the concept of the chosen trauma can be applied to describe Trianon trauma through the corpus that includes texts from these ninety years. To illustrate this, I use narrative psychological content analysis.

Individual Factors Affecting the Participation of Turkish People in the New Individual Pension System

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-116
Author(s):  
Emine Ebru Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Limited Participation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
System A ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

In Turkey, the first step of the individual pension system was based on volunteerism, but the voluntary system resulted in limited participation. Thus, the second step of the system has started to be implemented mandatorily since 2017, and participants were allowed to opt-out the system within two months. More than half of participants in the system preferred to leave the system. Therefore, this study aims to examine individual factors affecting their decision of staying in this system. A survey study was conducted with 374 people selected using the random sampling method. As a result of the study, a positive relationship was found only between the dependent variable and gender, but a significant relationship was determined only between the dependent variable and education level. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that if the system will need to be improved, the low-performing fund management of the new individual pension system should be re-audited, and the confidence in the system should be increased in this way.

Factors Affecting the Acceptability of Suicide

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Deluty
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cancer ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Suicide Victim ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Attitudes Toward Suicide ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Commit Suicide

The present study examined whether attitudes toward suicide vary as a function of the age and gender of the suicide victim, the gender of the evaluator, and the type of illness that precipitates the suicide. The participants in the study were 780 college students who were administered a questionnaire consisting of one of twelve scenarios describing a fictitious individual who has decided to commit suicide, as well as a series of evaluative scales and questions about the individual and his/her decision. The scenarios varied in terms of the age of the victim (i.e., forty-five vs. seventy), the gender of the victim, and the precipitating illness (i.e., chronic depression, chronic physical pain, or terminal bone cancer). Evaluations of suicide tended to be significantly more favorable when the evaluators were male, when male victims were being judged, when elderly victims were being evaluated, or when terminal cancer was the precipitating illness.

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