The Socio-Temporary in Architecture

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-56
Author(s):  
Sana Murrani
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Transdisciplinary Research ◽  
Architectural Theory ◽  
Art Practice ◽  
Theoretical Underpinning ◽  
Participatory Art ◽  
The Social

The temporary in architecture is a state of territorial instability that emerges out of interactions between transdisciplinary narratives and architectural theory and its practice. This article extends this notion to the socio-temporary, which is a state arising from constant synergies between the social context and worldmaking. Such narratives were originally influenced by the field of cybernetics and later on by second-order cybernetics reflected in the emergent participatory art practice of the mid-twentieth century through transdisciplinary research. Derived from the theoretical underpinning of this article a simulation is exhibited, which illustrates theoretically elements of Varela and Maturana’s autopoietic system behaviour and its close relation to temporality in the worldmaking of architecture. This is a theoretical article – with an element of practice – that seeks to highlight the temporality of the process of worldmaking in architecture.

scholarly journals Transformative Expression

2020 ◽  
pp. 162-181
Author(s):  
Nick Riggle
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Art Practice ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Participatory Art ◽  
The Social

The hope that art could be personally or socially transformational is an important part of art history and contemporary art practice. In the twentieth century, it shaped a movement away from traditional media in an effort to make social life a medium. Artists imagined and created participatory situations designed to facilitate potentially transformative expression in those who engaged with the works. This chapter develops the concept of “transformative expression,” and illustrates how it informs a diverse range of such works. Understanding these artworks in this way raises two interesting questions, one about the nature of aesthetic value and the other about the nature of action. Answers to these questions lie in understanding the social and aesthetic character of our capacity to distance ourselves from our commitments and act in the expressive, playful, spontaneous, or imaginative ways that participatory art invites.

Internal Orientalization or Deorientalization? Disciplinary Conflicts and National Imaginations in China, 1912–1949

Modern China ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-371
Author(s):  
Liping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Imperial China

Early twentieth-century China, as with other post-imperial states, faced the challenge of creating a nation encompassing different social groups and cultures. How to identify ethnic groups living in the borderlands and generate nationwide social cohesion became a fundamental question that concerned multiple intellectual communities. This article traces the formation of two approaches to ethnicity—ethnology and sociology—at that time. These two approaches, configuring “ethnic differences” in dissimilar ways, were received differently by the public. In the end, the ethnological approach prevailed and the sociological approach was marginalized. This outcome exemplifies a possible hierarchy of knowledge, but also involves the politics of knowledge. This article shows that the disparate visions of “ethnic others” were produced by intellectuals differently positioned within the social context of post-imperial China. The positionalities of these disciplines explain much of their intellectual alignment.

scholarly journals A House with Many Mansions

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 293-314
Author(s):  
Dries Bosschaert
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Theological Reflection ◽  
Christian Anthropology ◽  
Christian Humanism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Church And Society ◽  
Theology Of History ◽  
The Church

This contribution engages in presenting the underdeveloped thematic cluster of twentieth-century theological research designated by the umbrella-term, ‘Christian anthropology’ and in particular, the contribution of the Louvain Faculty of Theology to that field. It proposes a new structure for this (international) field of Christian anthropology by focusing on theological reflection of the human being (Christian humanism), the temporal order as such (Théologie des réalités terrestres), the history in which humanity is placed (theology of history), the social context (theology of society), as well as the identity of the laity and their role within the Church and society (theology of the laity). In each section the active efforts of different members of the Belgian Faculty of Theology to make progress in these different areas shall be presented for the period 1942–1962.

An Autonomy-Based Argument for Democracy

2021 ◽  
pp. 194-226
Author(s):  
James Lindley Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Political Equality ◽  
Common Life ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Social

Democracy uniquely respects an important set of persons’ autonomy claims. Along with standard first-order autonomy claims to act without interference, persons have second-order autonomy claims to authority over the social context of their choice. These second-order claims are grounded in the same ideal self-direction that grounds first-order claims. One triggers another’s second-order claims when one directs another’s will by shaping the context of her choice, or when one implicates another’s will by shaping the nature of her responsibility for her actions. When a basic structure exists in which individuals continuously direct and implicate one another’s wills, each person has a second-order autonomy claim to authority over the terms of that structure. Because each person is equally entitled to respect for her autonomy, each is equally entitled to authority over the basic structure. Political equality—the equal authority of each citizen over the terms of common life—therefore uniquely respects these autonomy claims of each citizen. We therefore have non-instrumental, autonomy-based reasons to support democratic decision-making.

Modern tropical architecture: medicalisation of space in early twentieth-century Philippines

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 261-271
Author(s):  
Estela Duque
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Architectural Theory ◽  
Production Of Space ◽  
Spatial Practices ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Art Forms ◽  
Historical Specificity

In the interwar years European historians and critics of architecture tried to assimilate science into architecture and arts. For example Sigfried Giedion's Space, Time, and Architecture (1941) attempted to bring Einsteinian spacetime into architectural theory, while Nikolaus Pevsner's An Outline of European Architecture (c. 1943) used space as a criterion to differentiate architecture from other art forms. These brought to the idea of ‘space’ a distinctly modern meaning, making it a universal signifier; whereas in the last decade, architectural historians have argued for the historical specificity of space and a deeper examination of the social and spatial practices embedded in the making of space. This study inquires into the atemporal readings of space, using Lefebvre's theory on the production of space by ‘interested subjects’.

Structuring silence: asbestos and biomedical research in Britain and South Africa

Race & Class ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lundy Braun
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Context ◽  
North America ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Concepts Of Disease ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Disease Causality

Over the last quarter of the twentieth century, asbestos-induced diseases began to attract widespread attention as a result of labour activism, media coverage, government regulation, scientific research and extensive litigation in North America and Europe. The consequences of asbestos mining and manufacture in producer countries, such as South Africa, where the multinational industry operated, however, remained largely invisible internationally. Historians of the asbestos industry have demonstrated that suppression and manipulation of scientific knowledge played a central role in the industry's efforts to escape accountability. What has been neglected are the ways in which mainstream asbestos researchers in the early twentieth century separated the physiological from the social context of disease in both the metropole and the colonies, thereby narrowing understandings of disease causality. It is argued here that narrow concepts of disease allowed for limited visibility and, in Britain, fostered prevention policies based on technical `solutions'; whereas, in the racially segregated society of South Africa, a narrow notion of causality rendered asbestos-induced diseases almost completely invisible — as they still are today.

scholarly journals ARTIST’S CREATIVE CONTRIBUTIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyong-Mi Paek
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Collaborative Practice ◽  
Art Practice ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Research Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable

While expectations regarding art’s potential contributions to the interdisciplinary research context continue to grow, the creative endeavors of individual artists remain under-examined, perhaps because of the inter-relational nature of joint research settings. To explore, how artists navigate their contribution to a given research community, this study reviews the art practice of Seung-Hyun Ko, who participated in Science Walden, a Convergent Research Center carrying out an interdis-ciplinary research project that aimed to build an ecologically sustainable community. Drawing on comprehensive views of creativity that emphasize the importance of the social context in which the efforts of individuals emerge and are assessed, the study examines Ko’s recent collaborative practice in Science Walden within the larger context of his long-term practice as a leading artist of Yatoo, a bioregionally conscious artist community. Ko’s responses to the opportunities and challenges of his involvement in these two interrelated contexts disclose the value of the creative dynamics of interdisciplinary research, with implications for the increasingly diverse interdisciplinary research practices emerging within science and technology.

scholarly journals Cowboy Jurists and the Making of Legal Professionalism

2008 ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Wesley Pue
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Project ◽  
Regulatory Powers

This article discusses the novelty of the concept of lawyers’ professionalism in the twentieth century. The author discusses the evolution of the structure of legal professionalism in the early twentieth century, outlining the social context in which these changes occurred. Significant reforms were implemented, affecting such matters as the qualifications of lawyers, education and admission to the profession, professional ethics, and the regulatory powers of the professional organizations. The author concludes that twentieth-century professionalism in Canada emerged as a cultural project, undoubtedly influenced by political and social change, as opposed to pure market-based motivations.

scholarly journals THE EXISTENTIAL EGOS IN DUONG NGHIEM MAU’S PROSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (Special) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Thi Huong Le
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Context ◽  
First Century ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Lost Generation ◽  
Global Literature ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Voice

Taking its shape in the 1920s of the twentieth century, existentialism has pervaded into a wide range of world literatures. In Southern Vietnam (1955 – 1975), the reception of existentialism theories underwent no crack and proved to be compatible with the social context full of volatility. Existentialism is a “humanitarian theory” (J.P.Sartre). Existentialism theories have permeated the writers’ consciousness and works in terms of their views of the human fate in the period when "God is dead”. Duong Nghiem Mau was a pioneer writer in receiving and expressing existential themes in his works, paving the way for the existential literature of Southern Vietnam. His works reflected various social aspects of life in Southern Vietnam, featuring the voice of a lost generation. The return of Duong Nghiem Mau's fiction at the beginning of the twentieth-first century emerged as a piece of evidence for the durability of existentialism and its pervasiveness in the global literature.

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