scholarly journals Robotics and Artificial Intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estifanos Tilahun Mihret
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Near Future ◽  
And Robotics

Artificial intelligence and robotics are very recent technologies and risks for our world. They are developing their capacity dramatically and shifting their origins of developing intention to other dimensions. When humans see the past histories of AI and robotics, human beings can examine and understand the objectives and intentions of them which to make life easy and assist human beings within different circumstances and situations. However, currently and in the near future, due to changing the attitude of robotic and AI inventors and experts as well as based on the AI nature that their capacity of environmental acquisition and adaptation, they may become predators and put creatures at risk. They may also inherit the full nature of creatures. Thus, finally they will create their new universe or the destiny of our universe will be in danger.

The Changing Roles of Teachers With AI

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Libi Shen ◽  
Anchi Su
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Technology In Education ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
The Past ◽  
Changing Roles

Artificial intelligence (AI) is ubiquitous in our lives and is progressing at an accelerated rate in the past 60 years. AI application is diverse and AI technology continues to grow. It enables a machine to think like human beings and has opened a new horizon for industries, businesses, transportation, hospitals, and schools. How is AI applied to educational settings? How will the emergence of AI technology assist teachers' teaching and improve students' learning? Will the implementation of AI technology in education replace schoolteachers? What would be the ethical concerns of AI technology? What role do teachers play with AI in education? The purpose of this chapter is to explore the roles that teachers play in the innovation and evolution of AI and to seek approaches teachers should take in coping with AI technology. Issues and problems of teaching with AI will be discussed; solutions will be recommended.

scholarly journals AI/Robotics and the Poor

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Joachim von Braun ◽  
Heike Baumüller
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
The Voice ◽  
And Robotics

AbstractArtificial intelligence and robotics (AI/R) have the potential to greatly change livelihoods. Information on how AI/R may affect the poor is scarce. This chapter aims to address this gap in research. A framework is established that depicts poverty and marginality conditions of health, education, public services, work, small businesses, including farming, as well as the voice and empowerment of the poor. This framework identifies points of entry of AI/R, and is complemented by a more detailed discussion of the way in which changes through AI/R in these areas may relate positively or negatively to the livelihood of the poor. Context will play an important role determining the AI/R consequences for the diverse populations in poverty and marginalized populations at risk. This chapter calls for empirical scenarios and modelling analyses to better understand the different components in the emerging technological and institutional AI/R innovations and to identify how they will shape the livelihoods of poor households and communities.

scholarly journals Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Updated Review of the Literature and State of the Art

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Boškoski ◽  
Beatrice Orlandini ◽  
Luigi Giovanni Papparella ◽  
Maria Valeria Matteo ◽  
Martina De Siena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

Abstract Purpose of Review Gastrointestinal endoscopy includes a wide range of procedures that has dramatically evolved over the past decades. Robotic endoscopy and artificial intelligence are expanding the horizons of traditional techniques and will play a key role in clinical practice in the near future. Understanding the main available devices and procedures is a key unmet need. This review aims to assess the current and future applications of the most recently developed endoscopy robots. Recent Findings Even though a few devices have gained approval for clinical application, the majority of robotic and artificial intelligence systems are yet to become an integral part of the current endoscopic instrumentarium. Some of the innovative endoscopic devices and artificial intelligence systems are dedicated to complex procedures such as endoscopic submucosal dissection, whereas others aim to improve diagnostic techniques such as colonoscopy. Summary A review on flexible endoscopic robotics and artificial intelligence systems is presented here, showing the m3ost recently approved and experimental devices and artificial intelligence systems for diagnosis and robotic endoscopy.

scholarly journals A Study on the Awareness of Artificial Intelligence Among Youth and Its Impact on Employment

2021 ◽  
pp. 461-465
Author(s):  
Ms. Aswathy K A ◽  
Dr. Rosalind Gonzaga ◽  
Ms. Josna Susan Francis
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Skilled Labor ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Employment Sector ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Intelligent Computer

Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) is the Engineering and Science of making Intelligent Machines and Intelligent Computer Programs. It develops Intelligence in Machines and enables them to think like Humans. The study was conducted to find out level of awareness about artificial intelligence among youth and its impact on employment. From the study it was found that artificial intelligence is career threatening and the youth shows a negative attitude towards it. As a result of development of artificial intelligence the employment sector now demands more technological skills from the employees. It was found that majority of the respondents are of the opinion that artificial intelligence will replace the human workers in the near future. It is evident from the secondary analysis that low skilled jobs are at risk due to artificial intelligence, because the replacement is more in low skilled jobs as compared to high skilled jobs. It can be conclude that , demand of skilled jobs is on the rise and there might be a temporary shortage of skilled labor but if the current pace of development in education and retraining continues it will be resolved soon.

scholarly journals A Study to Find Facts Behind Preprocessing on Deep Learning Algorithms

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Ranganathan G
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Step Over ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

In the near future, deep learning algorithms will be incorporated in several applications for assisting the human beings. The deep learning algorithms have the tendency to allow a computer to work on its assumption. Most of the deep learning algorithms mimic the human brain’s neuron connection to leverage an artificial intelligence to the computer system. This helps to improve the operational speed and accuracy on several critical tasks. This paper projects the blocks, which are required for the incorporation of deep learning based algorithm. Also, the paper attempts to deeply analyze the necessity of the preprocessing step over several deep learning based applications.

Simultaneous Interpreting (SI): the Holy Grail of Artificial Intelligence – An SI Practitioner’s Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Image Recognition ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Holy Grail ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Class ◽  
Near Future

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) has been become a household expression, especially in the past couple of years thanks to Google’s AI Computer program AlphaGo defeating a couple of world-class Go masters from Korea and China. In recent years, machines have surpassed humans in the performance of certain specific tasks, such as some aspects of image recognition. Although it is unlikely that machines will exhibit broadly-applicable intelligence comparable to or exceeding that of humans in the near future, experts forecast that rapid progress in the field of specialized AI will continue, with machines reaching and exceeding human performance on an increasing number of tasks. Simultaneous interpreting, being among the most complex of human cognitive/linguistic activities, with all the associated ergonomic elements, has been discussed profusely as one of the most likely to be taken over by AI in a couple of years. Given that so much has to be there simultaneously, i. e. anticipation, restoration of the implicit-explicit balance, and communicative re-packaging (‘re-ostension’

scholarly journals Autonomous Vehicles – a New Challenge to Human Rights?

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Iwan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Control ◽  
And Robotics

New technologies, as autonomous vehicles are, disrupt the way people exist, and con-sequently with human rights. Research devoted to artificial intelligence and robotics moves freely and the destination, for the time being, is unknown. This is the reason why special attention should be paid to the ethics of these branches of computer science in order to prevent the creation of a crisis point, when human beings are no longer neces-sary.. The aim of this paper is to examine whether such development is a new challenge to human rights law and what happens when an autonomous vehicle drives an autono-mous human being. The paper also mentions the desirable level of human control over the machine so that human dignity, from which human rights originate, is preserved.

scholarly journals The Scenes of Future Peacekeeping Operations in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Ye Yudan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Past History ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
New Era ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Original Intention ◽  
History Of

UN led peacekeeping operations began in 1948. Since then, peacekeeping operations have gradually entered an information age that is constantly influenced and defined by computers, the Internet, etc. The invention of computer, whether or not its original intention is limited to the purpose of assisting human beings in numerical calculation, will eventually lead to the generation of intelligent machines that can ex-tend and enhance the abilities of human beings to transform nature and govern so-ciety. When artificial intelligence is widely used and has shaped the society into a hu-man-computer symbiotic society, peacekeeping operations must take the initiative to face the new era environment which is different from the past history of human beings, and make efforts to solve the complex problems they are facing.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in Capsule Endoscopy: A Practical Guide to Its Past and Future Challenges

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1722
Author(s):  
Sang Hoon Kim ◽  
Yun Jeong Lim
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Medical Diagnostic ◽  
Reading System ◽  
Near Future

Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the medical diagnostic process of various diseases. Since the manual reading of capsule endoscopy videos is a time-intensive, error-prone process, computerized algorithms have been introduced to automate this process. Over the past decade, the evolution of convolutional neural network (CNN) enabled AI to detect multiple lesions simultaneously with increasing accuracy and sensitivity. Difficulty in validating CNN performance and unique characteristics of capsule endoscopy images make computer-aided reading systems in capsule endoscopy still on a preclinical level. Although AI technology can be used as an auxiliary second observer in capsule endoscopy, it is expected that in the near future, it will effectively reduce the reading time and ultimately become an independent, integrated reading system.

scholarly journals Towards Moral Machines: A Discussion with Michael Anderson and Susan Leigh Anderson

Conatus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Michael Anderson ◽  
Susan Leigh Anderson ◽  
Alkis Gounaris ◽  
George Kosteletos
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Ethical Behavior ◽  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
Machine Ethics ◽  
Civic Life ◽  
Moral Machines ◽  
Ethics Research ◽  
Near Future ◽  
And Robotics

At the turn of the 21st century, Susan Leigh Anderson and Michael Anderson conceived and introduced the Machine Ethics research program, that aimed to highlight the requirements under which autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) systems could demonstrate ethical behavior guided by moral values, and at the same time to show that these values, as well as ethics in general, can be representable and computable. Today, the interaction between humans and AI entities is already part of our everyday lives; in the near future it is expected to play a key role in scientific research, medical practice, public administration, education and other fields of civic life. In view of this, the debate over the ethical behavior of machines is more crucial than ever and the search for answers, directions and regulations is imperative at an academic, institutional as well as at a technical level. Our discussion with the two inspirers and originators of Machine Ethics highlights the epistemological, metaphysical and ethical questions arising by this project, as well as the realistic and pragmatic demands that dominate artificial intelligence and robotics research programs. Most of all, however, it sheds light upon the contribution of Susan and Michael Anderson regarding the introduction and undertaking of a main objective related to the creation of ethical autonomous agents, that will not be based on the “imperfect” patterns of human behavior, or on preloaded hierarchical laws and human-centric values.

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