Enhancing Emergency Response Management using Emergency Description Information Technology (EDIT)

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Erskine ◽  
Will Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Emergency Responder ◽  
Response Information ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Future Research Directions

This paper presents a novel approach toward facilitating the effective collection and communication of information during an emergency. Initially, this research examines current emergency response information workflows and emergency responder dispatch criteria. A process for the optimization of these workflows and criteria, along with a suggested method to improve data collection accuracy and emergency response time using a mobile device application, are suggested. Specifically, a design-science approach incorporating the development of an expert system designed to facilitate efficient and effective sharing of emergency information is applied. The resulting benefits could improve emergency communications during large-scale international gatherings, such as sporting events or festivals, as well as the sharing of industry-specific safety incidents. A process model for conducting analyses of additional emergency response processes is also presented. Finally, future research directions are discussed.

Enhancing Emergency Response Management using Emergency Description Information Technology (EDIT)

2016 ◽  
pp. 1264-1278
Author(s):  
Michael A. Erskine ◽  
Will Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Emergency Responder ◽  
Response Information ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Future Research Directions

This paper presents a novel approach toward facilitating the effective collection and communication of information during an emergency. Initially, this research examines current emergency response information workflows and emergency responder dispatch criteria. A process for the optimization of these workflows and criteria, along with a suggested method to improve data collection accuracy and emergency response time using a mobile device application, are suggested. Specifically, a design-science approach incorporating the development of an expert system designed to facilitate efficient and effective sharing of emergency information is applied. The resulting benefits could improve emergency communications during large-scale international gatherings, such as sporting events or festivals, as well as the sharing of industry-specific safety incidents. A process model for conducting analyses of additional emergency response processes is also presented. Finally, future research directions are discussed.

scholarly journals Emergency Logistics in a Large-Scale Disaster Context: Achievements and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiping Jiang ◽  
Yufei Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Operations Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Emergency Logistics ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
New Research

There is growing research interest in emergency logistics within the operations research (OR) community. Different from normal business operations, emergency response for large scale disasters is very complex and there are many challenges to deal with. Research on emergency logistics is still in its infancy stage. Understanding the challenges and new research directions is very important. In this paper, we present a literature review of emergency logistics in the context of large-scale disasters. The main contributions of our study include three aspects: First, we identify key characteristics of large-scale disasters and assess their challenges to emergency logistics. Second, we analyze and summarize the current literature on how to deal with these challenges. Finally, we discuss existing gaps in the relevant research and suggest future research directions.

scholarly journals Mesophotic.org: a repository for scientific information on mesophotic ecosystems

Database ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pim Bongaerts ◽  
Gonzalo Perez-Rosales ◽  
Veronica Z Radice ◽  
Gal Eyal ◽  
Andrea Gori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Reduced Light

Abstract Mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) and temperate mesophotic ecosystems (TMEs) occur at depths of roughly 30–150 m depth and are characterized by the presence of photosynthetic organisms despite reduced light availability. Exploration of these ecosystems dates back several decades, but our knowledge remained extremely limited until about a decade ago, when a renewed interest resulted in the establishment of a rapidly growing research community. Here, we present the ‘mesophotic.org’ database, a comprehensive and curated repository of scientific literature on mesophotic ecosystems. Through both manually curated and automatically extracted metadata, the repository facilitates rapid retrieval of available information about particular topics (e.g. taxa or geographic regions), exploration of spatial/temporal trends in research and identification of knowledge gaps. The repository can be queried to comprehensively obtain available data to address large-scale questions and guide future research directions. Overall, the ‘mesophotic.org’ repository provides an independent and open-source platform for the ever-growing research community working on MCEs and TMEs to collate and expedite our understanding of the occurrence, composition and functioning of these ecosystems. Database URL: http://mesophotic.org/

scholarly journals Results-Based Project Follow-Up

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-30
Author(s):  
Gideon Mekonnen Jonathan
Keyword(s):  
Design Science ◽  
New Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Actual Outcome ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Science Methodology ◽  
High Level

Results-based management (RBM) has become the choice of many governmental and non-governmental organisations, and not-for-profit agencies engaged in development projects. Despite its widespread adoption, tools and methods are still being developed to complement the framework. One of such methods sought by practitioners, according to the extant literature, is a method for project follow-up. Employing design science methodology, the study aimed to develop a new method that can be used to evaluate the gap between design and actual outcome of development projects. The research has resulted in a new method which proposed ten steps to perform project follow-up. The high-level requirements were evaluated using informed arguments. To warranty validity and impartiality of the evaluation of the method, the internal and external properties were evaluated by 37 qualified experts. The research has identified and suggested other methods that can be used to complement the designed method. The contribution of the study and potential future research directions are presented.

Communicative Changes Associated with Repeated Use of Electronic Meeting Systems for Decision-Making Tasks

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig R. Scott ◽  
C. Erik Timmerman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electronic Meeting Systems ◽  
Team Interaction ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Practical Implications

Although various technologies are widely used to support decision-making teams, we know relatively little about the use of specialized Electronic Meeting Systems (EMSs) and their use over time during ongoing projects. This study addresses that gap by examining how communication affordances (anonymous communication, participation equality, and influence equality) of some EMSs may change with repeated usage of the system for multiple decision-making meetings. Based on an EMS process model and related theories, the authors hypothesize that communicative benefits will decline after initial team interaction. Data from 14 intact decision-making teams (using an EMS for 3 separate meetings) provide strong support for most of the anonymity hypotheses, as perceptions of self and other anonymity decline and confidence in source attributions increases with repeated usage. There was partial support for the predicted changes in participation equality and influence equality. The authors conclude with practical implications and future research directions based on these findings.

scholarly journals Biogeography and ecology: towards the integration of two disciplines

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 (1576) ◽  
pp. 2438-2448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Ricklefs ◽  
David G. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

Although ecology and biogeography had common origins in the natural history of the nineteenth century, they diverged substantially during the early twentieth century as ecology became increasingly hypothesis-driven and experimental. This mechanistic focus narrowed ecology's purview to local scales of time and space, and mostly excluded large-scale phenomena and historical explanations. In parallel, biogeography became more analytical with the acceptance of plate tectonics and the development of phylogenetic systematics, and began to pay more attention to ecological factors that influence large-scale distributions. This trend towards unification exposed problems with terms such as ‘community’ and ‘niche,’ in part because ecologists began to view ecological communities as open systems within the contexts of history and geography. The papers in this issue represent biogeographic and ecological perspectives and address the general themes of (i) the niche, (ii) comparative ecology and macroecology, (iii) community assembly, and (iv) diversity. The integration of ecology and biogeography clearly is a natural undertaking that is based on evolutionary biology, has developed its own momentum, and which promises novel, synthetic approaches to investigating ecological systems and their variation over the surface of the Earth. We offer suggestions on future research directions at the intersection of biogeography and ecology.

Introduction to L2 attrition

2019 ◽  
pp. 329-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodora H. Mehotcheva ◽  
Barbara Köpke
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
First Language ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Short Overview ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Subject

As the introduction to the section on second language (L2) attrition, this chapter provides a broad presentation to research on attrition of L2 and foreign languages (FL). We will first discuss the terminology used in the field, focusing on some important differences in the terminology used in first language (L1) attrition studies. It provides a short overview of the development of the field, outlining major challenges and obstacles that research on the topic has to deal with. Next, it briefly describes the major findings and knowledge amassed on the subject before reviewing in more detail the findings of some of the most significant and large-scale projects carried out on L2/FL attrition. A final presentation of several theoretical frameworks of interest for L2/FL attrition research will allow us to show how L2/FL attrition is commonly explained but also to provide some ideas for future research directions.

scholarly journals Youth motivations to watch sports in Indian context: exploring cross-nationality and cross-gender differences

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Yousaf ◽  
Makhmoor Bashir ◽  
Insha Amin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Private University ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Group Affiliation ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Sport Consumption ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Physical Education Departments ◽  
And Gender

AbstractThe current study revolves around research in sport consumption motivations exploring Nationality and Gender difference across fan motivations to watch sports in a way similar to Kwon and Trail (2001) in Indian context, a subject neglected until now. Data was collected from 260 respondents from India’s largest Private University. Findings reveal Group Affiliation as the most important motivation followed by Eustress (entertainment), Aesthetics, and Self-Esteem. Betting on sports was found as the least preferred motivation. Findings revealed Nationality having a significant impact on Group Affiliation and Aesthetics while Gender has a significant impact on Group Affiliation, Eustress as well as on level of identification with sport. These findings have implications for sports marketers of different sporting events involved in marketing of sports related activities to enhance their marketing practices. The results of the current study are of interest for physical education departments of large private Universities which can use them to promote their sports events at a large scale. The last section of the study discusses the results in detail followed by directions for future research.

scholarly journals Compressing Large-Scale Transformer-Based Models: A Case Study on BERT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1061-1080
Author(s):  
Prakhar Ganesh ◽  
Yao Chen ◽  
Xin Lou ◽  
Mohammad Ali Khan ◽  
Yin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Model Compression ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Or Applications

Abstract Pre-trained Transformer-based models have achieved state-of-the-art performance for various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, these models often have billions of parameters, and thus are too resource- hungry and computation-intensive to suit low- capability devices or applications with strict latency requirements. One potential remedy for this is model compression, which has attracted considerable research attention. Here, we summarize the research in compressing Transformers, focusing on the especially popular BERT model. In particular, we survey the state of the art in compression for BERT, we clarify the current best practices for compressing large-scale Transformer models, and we provide insights into the workings of various methods. Our categorization and analysis also shed light on promising future research directions for achieving lightweight, accurate, and generic NLP models.

scholarly journals From Legacy Rhetoric to Business Benefits: A Case Study of the Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-96
Author(s):  
Joan Carlini ◽  
Alexandra Coghlan ◽  
Alana Thomson ◽  
Andrew O'Neil
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Private Enterprise ◽  
Gold Coast ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Private Enterprises ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Commonwealth Games

Bids for large-scale sporting events and the accompanying political rhetoric typically include promises of economic development and gains for host business communities over the short and long term. Although conceptual models for economic leverage of large-scale sport events have been developed, our knowledge of the practical experiences of private enterprise converting opportunities presented by large-scale sport events is limited. In this article, the authors address this gap through a case study of the Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games. The article investigates the opportunities and challenges perceived by private enterprises across the host city and explores the implementation of existing strategies to leverage benefits for business. Although participants identify the general benefits of hosting the event, they struggle to conceptualize benefits in relation to their own business settings. This suggests a disconnect between the legacy rhetoric of large-scale sporting events and the conversion of these opportunities into outcomes by private enterprises in the host city. Against this background, the article outlines a range of practical implications for private enterprise and key areas for future research.

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