scholarly journals A Sociotechnical Framework for Smart Urban Governance

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaxiong Jiang ◽  
Stan Geertman ◽  
Patrick Witte
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
The Past ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Governance Process ◽  
Urban Contexts

Over the past decade, the dominant entrepreneurial form of urban governance has seriously hindered the transformation of cities by neglecting the role of urban contexts in shaping governance structures and outcomes. To promote alternatives, this article presents a sociotechnical framework for smart urban governance. This framework explicitly examines the impacts of urban contexts on the sociotechnical interaction between urban technological innovation and urban governance in the realm of smart cities. Three real-world cases were used to demonstrate how the framework can be applied in different urban contexts. The results show that the alleged smartness in smart urban governance by no means implies the simple acceptance, adoption, and use of technology; instead, it needs to be conditionate. For successful smart urban governance, urban technological innovation should be effectively attuned to the wider urban actors and preexisting urban challenges (i.e., the urban governance process), with a special focus on the urban context.

New Agendas for Special Education Policy: What the National Reports Haven't Said

1987 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen Pugach ◽  
Mara Sapon-Shevin
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Educational Reform ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Special Education Policy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The calls for educational reform that have dominated the professional and lay literature for the past few years have been decidedly silent in discussing the role of special education either as a contributor or a solution to the problems being raised. As an introduction to this “Special Focus” on the relationship between general educational reform and special education, this article summarizes some of the more prominent reports with regard to their treatment (and nontreatment) of special education. The impact of proposed reforms for the conceptualization and operation of special education is the subject of the five articles that follow.

Smart City: An Approach from the View of Smart Urban Governance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Viet NGO ◽  
◽  
Quan LE ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Government Work ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
The City

The world’s population is forecasted of having 68% to be urban residents by 2050 while urbanization in the world continues to grow. Along with that phenomenon, there is a global trend towards the creation of smart cities in many countries. Looking at the overview of studies and reports on smart cities, it can be seen that the concept of “smart city” is not clearly defined. Information and communication technology have often been being recognized by the vast majority of agencies, authorities and people when thinking about smart city but the meaning of smart city goes beyond that. Smart city concept should come with the emphasizing on the role of social resources and smart urban governance in the management of urban issues. Therefore, the "smart city" label should refer to the capacity of smart people and smart officials who create smart urban governance solutions for urban problems. The autonomy in smart cities allows its members (whether individuals or the community in general) of the city to participate in governance and management of the city and become active users and that is the picture of e-democracy. E-democracy makes it easier for stakeholders to become more involved in government work and fosters effective governance by using the IT platform of smart city. This approach will be discussed more in this paper.

Covering the Cost of the Past

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Hazel Jovita ◽  
Dyah Mutiarin ◽  
Achmad Nurmandi
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Governance Process ◽  
Region 10 ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Network Collaboration

This is a quantitative article which aims to analyse what constitutes successful disaster governance by measuring how the previous performance of the disaster management network influence the aspects of governance process -initial agreement, leadership, trust, planning and managing conflict and how these variables are associated to the outcome of collaborative disaster management. The findings highlight the role of public managers in the collaborative disaster management as it revealed that initial agreement is connected with leadership, leadership is associated with trust, and trust, as well as managing conflict, are correlated with the planning process. The findings suggest that the Philippine disaster management network in Region 10 is shaped by its previous performance. However, there is a necessity to institutionalise incentive mechanisms and improve the leadership capacities of the lead agencies in order to strengthen the trust and interdependence among agencies which could lead to more effective disaster management plans and stronger network collaboration.

Sports and urban development: an introduction

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Dickson ◽  
James Jianhui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Sport Marketing ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Introductory Article

PurposeAlthough both sports and cities have transformed over the last century, research on the intersection of sports and urban development remains scarce. This special issue was designed to advance a research agenda in relation to sports and urban development. The sports and urban development special issue of International Journal of Sport Marketing and Sponsorship brings together a collection of conceptual, empirical and commentary papers from four continents. Themes explored in this special issue include legacy, governance, image, climate change and sustainability. We encourage collaborative approaches between sport researchers and those with a focus on urban development, urban design and urban governance. Understanding the role of sports in the development of smart cities is an excellent opportunity for these collaborations to occur.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive review of literature was undertaken to assess the literature related to sports and urban development.FindingsIn addition to this introductory article, there are ten manuscripts selected for this special issue investigating sports and urban development.Originality/valueThis special issue seeks to promote more research on sports and urban development, ultimately ultimately advancing theories and providing solutions.

scholarly journals The interplay of transverse degrees of freedom and axial-vector mesons with short-distance constraints in g−2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pere Masjuan ◽  
Pablo Roig ◽  
Pablo Sanchez Puertas
Keyword(s):  
Short Distance ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Axial Vector ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Vector Mesons ◽  
Distance Constraints ◽  
The Past

Abstract We revisit well-known short-distance constraints relating the hadronic light-by light Green's function to the〈VVA〉one, that have been a subject of debate over the past years in the context of the muon (g-2). Specifically, we identify a relation among the longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom that is enforced by the axial anomaly that, by contrast, has not received attention in the past. Such relation allows, among other things, to overcome the problem of basis ambiguities when describing axial-vector mesons transition form factors, but further applications are discussed as well, with special focus on the role of axial-vector mesons in the HLbL contribution to the muon (g-2). Our results should also contribute to a better understanding of the, so far, controversial interplay among short-distance constraints with longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom, such as axial-vector mesons. This is key to confront the theoretical and experimental result for the muon (g-2) that, currently, exhibits a 4.2σ tension.

scholarly journals The Asian Rice Sector at a Crossroads

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samarendu Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
The Past ◽  
Asian Rice ◽  
Rice Area ◽  
Key Issues

This paper examined the trend in Asian rice production, role of rice in human nutrition and documents structure of rice market in major Asian Countries, by analyzing supply demand and trade scenarios for the fast five decades. Country wise data from FAOSTAT and WTO were collected for the past five decades, to analyze key issues related to rice sector with special focus on rice markets in Asia. Rice Area and production has been increased significantly at higher rate than the population growth rate in Asia over the past fifty years. This resulted in increase of per capita availability of rice and contributed significantly to nutrition security. However, there are wide imbalances in supply-demand across Asian countries. Thus rice trade has become a major global economic activity in the recent past. The structural changes in global rice markets are discussed in detail in the paper.

scholarly journals SAPONINS AND SAPOGENINS OF AGAVE WITH RESPECT TO DIVERSE PHARMACOLOGICAL ROLE OF HECOGENIN

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
DEEPA K. INGAWALE (MANDLIK)
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Steroidal Sapogenin ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Agave Sisalana ◽  
Agave Cantala

The review outlines the current understandings of saponins and sapogenins in agave species with special focus on pharmacological role of hecogenin in numerous preclinical studies. A systematic literature survey was done on the pharmacological activities of hecogenin during the past 40 y with electronic databases like PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Scopus. Hecogenin, a steroidal sapogenin found abundantly in the leaves of Agave genus species such as, Agave sisalana, Agave cantala, Agave aurea and many more. This phytosteroid (hecogenin) is used as initial material for the synthesis of steroidal drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. Hecogenin has exhibited potential role in the management of a number of disorders such as inflammation, arthritis, cancer, gastric ulcer, cardiotonic and larvicidal activity. In this review, we have summarized the saponins and sapogenins present in the Agave species and pharmacological roles of hecogenin with their mechanism of action.

scholarly journals Molecular Crosstalking among Noncoding RNAs: A New Network Layer of Genome Regulation in Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Ragusa ◽  
Cristina Barbagallo ◽  
Duilia Brex ◽  
Angela Caponnetto ◽  
Matilde Cirnigliaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Higher Eukaryotes

Over the past few years, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been extensively studied because of the significant biological roles that they play in regulation of cellular mechanisms. ncRNAs are associated to higher eukaryotes complexity; accordingly, their dysfunction results in pathological phenotypes, including cancer. To date, most research efforts have been mainly focused on how ncRNAs could modulate the expression of protein-coding genes in pathological phenotypes. However, recent evidence has shown the existence of an unexpected interplay among ncRNAs that strongly influences cancer development and progression. ncRNAs can interact with and regulate each other through various molecular mechanisms generating a complex network including different species of RNAs (e.g., mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs). Such a hidden network of RNA-RNA competitive interactions pervades and modulates the physiological functioning of canonical protein-coding pathways involved in proliferation, differentiation, and metastasis in cancer. Moreover, the pivotal role of ncRNAs as keystones of network structural integrity makes them very attractive and promising targets for innovative RNA-based therapeutics. In this review we will discuss: (1) the current knowledge on complex crosstalk among ncRNAs, with a special focus on cancer; and (2) the main issues and criticisms concerning ncRNAs targeting in therapeutics.

scholarly journals Milan and its lost river: when surviving images represent unique narrations of invisible relationships

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Andrea Oldani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
World Cities ◽  
Modern City ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The City

One of the most predictable implications of photography consists of the ability to fix some images returning them in a variable timeframe for the observation. In all the major world cities, it is common to incur in some book where recent photos are compared to old ones searching the same point of view in order to make the comparison more accurate and stimulate the critical ability of the observer. An exercise that sometimes stimulates a sort of regret for the past, pointing out a diffused excess of nostalgia for times gone by. Nevertheless, the reality and meaning of modern city images are not always so prosaic. What happens when photographs are evocative of a reality that is completely lost in the collective imaginary even though it still exists and functions, despite being forgotten and buried in the depths of the city? This is the case of very few pictures capable of telling the story of a city, Milan, and its only “real” river, the Olona, whose waters, humiliated and rejected, continue to flow in total amnesia. It is a different story when photography does not have the role of nourishing nostalgia, but the power to make visible and explain the variation of a presence and its progressive obliteration. Some pictures testify to the passage from the bucolic amenity of the river and its banks in a pre-urban context to a muscular urban infrastructure. A rigid channelized river, shown with confidence, is trying to keep its presence, until the moment of its inevitable decline and disappearance. It is in these images that the possibility of reconsidering the Olona as a part of the new project for the city lies.

scholarly journals Shaping a ‘pedagogy of interruption’: Theorizing the role of educational agents in democratic education in urban contexts

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-530
Author(s):  
Evelyne Deceur ◽  
Griet Roets ◽  
Kris Rutten ◽  
Maria De Bie
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Democratic Education ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Urban Contexts ◽  
Democracy And Education ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
The Relationship

This article theorises the role of educational agents in democratic education in urban contexts by engaging in the discussion about the relationship between citizenship, democracy and education. Therefore, we confront Gert Biesta’s conceptualisation of a ‘pedagogy of interruption’ with the empirical insights that emerge from a qualitative research project on democratic education in a particular urban context in Ghent (Belgium). We elaborate on the historical developments and origins of the educational practices and interventions in this urban context and reveal three contemporary educational strategies that coincide and complement each other while implementing the democratic ideal of equality in differentiated ways: integration, activation and instigation. Our analysis enables us to reflect on the complexities, ambiguities and dilemmas at stake when educational agents shape a ‘pedagogy of interruption’. This pedagogy entails the constant search to balance the multidimensional purposes of democratic education, that is, between socialisation and subjectification.

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