The Impact of Healthcare Information Technology on Patient Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Edward T. Chen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fee For Service ◽  
Professional Networks ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this article is to review the existing literature on health information technology (HIT), specifically electronic health records (EHR) and life-long patient records, in order to provide a broad assessment of the current state of this technology in the United States. Relevant literature was reviewed to determine whether key hypotheses were validated. Areas for additional research and development were identified, and a potential path forward was proposed. HIT adoption is a worthwhile effort in the United States, and it is possible for us to enact an interoperable central records system within our current fee-for-service healthcare system. Wide scale adoption will require subsidies and regulatory involvement at the state level, but professional networks may be exploited to speed the rate of adoption. A four-tier architecture with autonomic security systems, properly validated, can provide the infrastructure necessary.

The Impact of Healthcare Information Technology on Patient Outcomes

2020 ◽  
pp. 1858-1873
Author(s):  
Edward T. Chen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fee For Service ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Professional Networks ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this article is to review the existing literature on health information technology (HIT), specifically electronic health records (EHR) and life-long patient records, in order to provide a broad assessment of the current state of this technology in the United States. Relevant literature was reviewed to determine whether key hypotheses were validated. Areas for additional research and development were identified, and a potential path forward was proposed. HIT adoption is a worthwhile effort in the United States, and it is possible for us to enact an interoperable central records system within our current fee-for-service healthcare system. Wide scale adoption will require subsidies and regulatory involvement at the state level, but professional networks may be exploited to speed the rate of adoption. A four-tier architecture with autonomic security systems, properly validated, can provide the infrastructure necessary.

State-Level Cyberbullying Policy

2016 ◽  
pp. 62-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Sue McNeal ◽  
Susan M. Kunkle ◽  
Lisa Dotterweich Bryan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Policy Adoption ◽  
Legislative Action ◽  
Bullying Laws ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cyberbullying Policy

Cyberbullying is the use of information technology to deliberately hurt, taunt, threaten or intimidate someone. Currently, there are no federal statutes in the United States which directly address this problem. The response of the states has varied from attempting to use existing anti-bullying laws to limit cyberbullying to passing new laws that specifically target cyberbullying behavior. An important question is, “why are some states taking a lead in combating this cybercrime through new laws while others are relying on existing laws?” The literature on policy adoption suggests politics, resources and public need are important factors in predicting why certain states are more likely to enact government policies. This chapter analyzes the impact of these factors and others on policy adoption by exploring the level of legislative action to update existing cyberbullying laws for 2009 through 2014.

State-Level Cyberbullying Policy

2016 ◽  
pp. 59-79
Author(s):  
Ramona Sue McNeal ◽  
Susan M. Kunkle ◽  
Lisa Dotterweich Bryan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Policy Adoption ◽  
Legislative Action ◽  
Bullying Laws ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cyberbullying Policy

Cyberbullying is the use of information technology to deliberately hurt, taunt, threaten or intimidate someone. Currently, there are no federal statutes in the United States which directly address this problem. The response of the states has varied from attempting to use existing anti-bullying laws to limit cyberbullying to passing new laws that specifically target cyberbullying behavior. An important question is, “why are some states taking a lead in combating this cybercrime through new laws while others are relying on existing laws?” The literature on policy adoption suggests politics, resources and public need are important factors in predicting why certain states are more likely to enact government policies. This chapter analyzes the impact of these factors and others on policy adoption by exploring the level of legislative action to update existing cyberbullying laws for 2009 through 2014.

scholarly journals COVID-19 scenarios for the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Simon I Hay
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Reference Scenario ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

The United States (US) has not been spared in the ongoing pandemic of novel coronavirus disease. COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), continues to cause death and disease in all 50 states, as well as significant economic damage wrought by the non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) adopted in attempts to control transmission. We use a deterministic, Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious, Recovered (SEIR) compartmental framework to model possible trajectories of SARS-CoV-2 infections and the impact of NPI at the state level. Model performance was tested against reported deaths from 01 February to 04 July 2020. Using this SEIR model and projections of critical driving covariates (pneumonia seasonality, mobility, testing rates, and mask use per capita), we assessed some possible futures of the COVID-19 pandemic from 05 July through 31 December 2020. We explored future scenarios that included feasible assumptions about NPIs including social distancing mandates (SDMs) and levels of mask use. The range of infection, death, and hospital demand outcomes revealed by these scenarios show that action taken during the summer of 2020 will have profound public health impacts through to the year end. Encouragingly, we find that an emphasis on universal mask use may be sufficient to ameliorate the worst effects of epidemic resurgences in many states. Masks may save as many as 102,795 (55,898-183,374) lives, when compared to a plausible reference scenario in December. In addition, widespread mask use may markedly reduce the need for more socially and economically deleterious SDMs.

scholarly journals A State-Level Socioeconomic Data Collection of the United States for COVID-19 Research

Data ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Dexuan Sha ◽  
Anusha Srirenganathan Malarvizhi ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Yifei Tian ◽  
You Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dynamic Factor ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Socioeconomic Determinant ◽  
Socioeconomic Data ◽  
The Impact

The outbreak of COVID-19 from late 2019 not only threatens the health and lives of humankind but impacts public policies, economic activities, and human behavior patterns significantly. To understand the impact and better prepare for future outbreaks, socioeconomic factors play significant roles in (1) determinant analysis with health care, environmental exposure and health behavior; (2) human mobility analyses driven by policies; (3) economic pressure and recovery analyses for decision making; and (4) short to long term social impact analysis for equity, justice and diversity. To support these analyses for rapid impact responses, state level socioeconomic factors for the United States of America (USA) are collected and integrated into topic-based indicators, including (1) the daily quantitative policy stringency index; (2) dynamic economic indices with multiple time frequency of GDP, international trade, personal income, employment, the housing market, and others; (3) the socioeconomic determinant baseline of the demographic, housing financial situation and medical resources. This paper introduces the measurements and metadata of relevant socioeconomic data collection, along with the sharing platform, data warehouse framework and quality control strategies. Different from existing COVID-19 related data products, this collection recognized the geospatial and dynamic factor as essential dimensions of epidemiologic research and scaled down the spatial resolution of socioeconomic data collection from country level to state level of the USA with a standard data format and high quality.

The Promises and Challenges of Health Information Technology

2012 ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Brian Gugerty ◽  
Michael J. Maranda
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personal Health Records ◽  
Healthcare Information Technology ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the application of Information Technology to healthcare in the United States. Recent developments and trends in healthcare information technology (HIT) are presented and discussed. Widespread adoption of HIT promises to save lives, save money, and improve health. Definitions, descriptions, and examples of electronic health records (EHRs) and personal health records (PHRs) are provided. The significant efforts to broadly and meaningfully adopt HIT over the next several years are discussed. The significant challenges in implementing EHRs are discussed, including transformation of clinical processes. Finally, the impact of HIT on the concept of ownership of the healthcare record and how it may change the relationship between the patient and healthcare provider are explored. Implementing effective HIT on a nationwide scale will require considerable effort.

scholarly journals The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Child Protection System Referrals and Responses in Colorado, USA

2021 ◽  
pp. 107755952110124
Author(s):  
Samantha M. Brown ◽  
Rebecca Orsi ◽  
Pang Ching Bobby Chen ◽  
Courtney L. Everson ◽  
John Fluke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Current State ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Maltreatment Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Case Characteristics

Although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has amplified risk factors known to increase children’s vulnerability to abuse and neglect, emerging evidence suggests declines in maltreatment reporting and responding following COVID-19 social distancing protocols in the United States. Using statewide administrative data, this study builds on the current state of knowledge to better understand the volume of child protection system (CPS) referrals and responses in Colorado, USA before and during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and to determine whether there were differences in referral and response rates by case characteristics. Results indicated an overall decline in referrals and responses during COVID-19 when compared to the previous year. Declines were specific to case characteristics, such as reporter and maltreatment type. Implications regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child maltreatment reporting and CPS response are discussed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Uncertainty on State-Level Housing Markets of the United States: The Role of Social Cohesion

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3065
Author(s):  
Linyan Dai ◽  
Xin Sheng
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Housing Returns ◽  
The Impact

While considering the role of social cohesion, we analyse the impact of uncertainty on housing markets across the 50 states of the United States, plus the District of Columbia, using the local projection method for panel data. We find that both short-term and long-term measurements of macroeconomic and financial uncertainties reduce real housing returns, with the strongest effect originated from the macro-economic uncertainty over the long term. Moreover, the degree of social cohesion does not change the nature of the impact of uncertainty on real housing returns dramatically, but the size of the negative effects is relatively large for states with low social cohesion.

scholarly journals Contribution of historical precipitation change to US flood damages

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. e2017524118
Author(s):  
Frances V. Davenport ◽  
Marshall Burke ◽  
Noah S. Diffenbaugh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Precipitation Change ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Flood Damages ◽  
Precipitation Changes ◽  
The Impact

Precipitation extremes have increased across many regions of the United States, with further increases anticipated in response to additional global warming. Quantifying the impact of these precipitation changes on flood damages is necessary to estimate the costs of climate change. However, there is little empirical evidence linking changes in precipitation to the historically observed increase in flood losses. We use >6,600 reports of state-level flood damage to quantify the historical relationship between precipitation and flood damages in the United States. Our results show a significant, positive effect of both monthly and 5-d state-level precipitation on state-level flood damages. In addition, we find that historical precipitation changes have contributed approximately one-third of cumulative flood damages over 1988 to 2017 (primary estimate 36%; 95% CI 20 to 46%), with the cumulative impact of precipitation change totaling $73 billion (95% CI 39 to $91 billion). Further, climate models show that anthropogenic climate forcing has increased the probability of exceeding precipitation thresholds at the extremely wet quantiles that are responsible for most flood damages. Climate models project continued intensification of wet conditions over the next three decades, although a trajectory consistent with UN Paris Agreement goals significantly curbs that intensification. Taken together, our results quantify the contribution of precipitation trends to recent increases in flood damages, advance estimates of the costs associated with historical greenhouse gas emissions, and provide further evidence that lower levels of future warming are very likely to reduce financial losses relative to the current global warming trajectory.

scholarly journals Understanding the impact of ‘cost’ under MACRA: a neurointerventional imperative!

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1005-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Spilberg ◽  
Gregory N Nicola ◽  
Andrew B Rosenkrantz ◽  
Ezequiel Silva III ◽  
Clemens M Schirmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Service System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cost Curve ◽  
Fee For Service ◽  
Performance Category ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Incentive Payments

The cost of providing healthcare in the United States continues to rise. The Affordable Care Act created systems to test value-based alternative payments models. Traditionally, procedure-based specialists such as neurointerventionalists have largely functioned in, and are thus familiar with, the traditional Fee for Service system. Administrative charge data would suggest that neurointerventional surgery is an expensive specialty. The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act consolidated pre-existing federal performance programs in the Merit-based Incentive Payments System (MIPS), including a performance category called ‘cost’. Understanding cost as a dimension that contributes to the value of care delivered is critical for succeeding in MIPS and offers a meaningful route for favorably bending the cost curve.

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