The Assessment of the Forest Biomass and Productivity in Heilongjiang Forest Industry Region

2012 ◽  
Vol 195-196 ◽  
pp. 1207-1211
Author(s):  
Chun Guang Sheng ◽  
Shang Zhi Yue
Keyword(s):  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
National Average ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Young Forest ◽  
Average Biomass ◽  
Total Productivity ◽  
Absolute Advantage

According to the results of the Seventh Forest Industry Region inventory of forest resources, adopting the model of estimating the forest biomass and productivity which is established by Fang Jingyun, estimating the biomass and productivity of arbor forest in Heilongjiang Forest Industry Region is 96699.68×104t and 8436.20×104t/a respectively. Among them, the biomass and productivity of broadleaved mixed forest accounts for 63.62% and 52.3% of the total in maximum respectively. Based on the total biomass and total productivity of arbor forest in different original ages, the total biomass and total productivity of natural arbor forest is 92718.24×104t and 7824.46×104t/a, in which, the young forest and middle aged forest accounts for 67.2%, the total biomass and total productivity of artificial arbor forest is 3979.01×104t and 611.74×104t/a, therein, the young forest accounts for 30.91%. The average biomass of Forest Industry Region is 83.35t/hm2, which is lower than the national average level, 86.07t/hm2. The biomass and productivity of forest in Heilongjiang Forest Industry Region is 103722×104t and 9334.16×104t/a respectively. Among them, broadleaved mixed forest accounts for 59.44% of the total biomass, productivity accounts for 47.41% of total forest productivity, with absolute advantage.

Responses of Medicago sativa and M. falcata type alfalfas to different defoliation times and grass competition

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R Hendrickson ◽  
Mark A Liebig ◽  
John D Berdahl
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Mixed Grass ◽  
Flower Stage ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Total Productivity ◽  
The Impact

Incorporating alfalfa into rangelands can enhance the quantity and quality of forage production. We evaluated the impact of clipping timing and selective clipping on two M. falcata (Anik and Yellowhead) and one M. sativa type alfalfas (Vernal) near Mandan, North Dakota, USA. Cultivars were space-planted into an existing mixed grass prairie and clipped at the mid-bud, flower or flower and subsequent vegetative stages. In each clipping treatment, half of the plots had only the alfalfa clipped and half had both the alfalfa and the associated native vegetation clipped. Plots without alfalfa were also included to evaluate the impact of alfalfa on grass and forb biomass. Including Yellowhead increased total productivity by 38 to 185% without lowering the productivity of the grass or forb biomass components. Plots with Yellowhead produced 17 to 26% more total biomass than the next highest entry every year. In 2003 and 2005, alfalfa biomass was increased 1.5 to 2.7 times by clipping only alfalfa in the flower and regrowth stages compared with a mid-bud clipping of only alfalfa. Vernal and Yellowhead generally produced more total biomass when clipping was deferred to the flower stage, but clipping Anik in the mid-bud stage produced as much or more total biomass than did the later clipping treatments. Selective clipping of the alfalfa did not have a consistent impact on yield. Yellowhead appeared to be a good choice for incorporating into rangelands. Producers with Yellowhead or Vernal should consider delaying defoliation until flowering to maximize productivity. Key words: Grazing-type alfalfa, hay-type alfalfa, defoliation timing, biomass productivity

scholarly journals Hiperdominansi Jenis dan Biomassa Pohon di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Andes Hamuraby Rozak ◽  
Sri Astutik ◽  
Zaenal Mutaqien ◽  
Didik Widyatmoko ◽  
Endah Sulistyawati
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Forest Monitoring ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Average Biomass ◽  
Schima Wallichii

Hiperdominansi jenis dan biomassa adalah suatu konsep yang menjelaskan pentingnya sebagian kecil jenis dan biomassa relatif terhadap rata-rata biomassa pohon pada suatu kawasan hutan. Pemahaman pada konsep ini berimplikasi pada upaya monitoring kawasan hutan khususnya bagi spesies penyumbang biomassa terbesar dan membantu pemahaman pada proses restorasi ekologinya. Analisis hiperdominansi jenis dan kontribusi pohon besar (DBH>50 cm) terhadap biomassa pohon telah dilakukan di kawasan hutan Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango (TNGGP). Sejumlah 26 plot pengamatan telah dibuat pada 26 level ketinggian yang berbeda (1013-3010 m dpl) dan dikelompokkan menjadi tiga zona yaitu zona submontana, montana, dan subalpine. Pohon-pohon yang terdapat dalam plot pengamatan kemudian dikelompokkan menjadi 3 kelompok diameter yaitu pohon kecil (5-30 cm), pohon sedang (30-50 cm), dan pohon besar (>50 cm). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa hiperdominansi jenis terjadi di hutan TNGGP. Empat jenis pohon dari 114 jenis yang teridentifikasi yaitu Schima wallichii, Altingia excelsa, Vaccinium varingiaefolium, dan Castanopsis acuminatissima merepresentasikan 56,96% dari total biomassa pohon yang ada di plot TNGGP. Lebih lanjut, pohon kecil dan besar diketahui sebagai penyumbang biomassa yang sangat signifikan dibandingkan pohon sedang. Pada level plot penelitian, pohon dengan DBH>50 cm yang berjumlah 192 individu (atau 13%) dari 1471 individu pohon mampu merepresentasikan 61,4% dari total biomassanya. Namun demikian, pada level kawasan hutan, pohon kecil dan pohon besar memiliki kontribusi yang sama signifikannya terhadap biomassa per hektarnya yaitu masing-masing sebesar 40,9% dan 38,77%. Hasil-hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa hanya sedikit jenis pohon saja mampu merepresentasikan sebagian besar dari total biomassa pohon. Pohon-pohon kecil dan besar diketahui memainkan peranan yang penting dalam biomassa di hutan TNGGP.Hyperdominance of Tree Species and Biomass in Mount Gede Pangrango National Park, IndonesiaAbstractThe hyperdominance of tree species and biomass is a concept explaining the importance of a small portion of species and biomass relative to the average of biomass in a forested area. Understanding this concept has important implication on forest monitoring, especially to monitor the most significant species that show high contributes on biomass and its ecological restoration. Hyperdominance analysis of tree species and large trees (DBH > 50 cm) contribution to tree biomass were investigated in tropical mountain forest of Mount Gede Pangrango National Park (TNGGP). A total of 26 sample plots were installed in 26 different altitude between 1013 and 3010 m asl and grouped into three zones i.e. submontane, montane, and subalpine zones. Trees within plot were identified, measured, and grouped into three groups i.e. small (DBH 5-30 cm), medium (DBH 30-50 cm), and large trees (DBH>50 cm). The result showed that there were hyperdominant in TNGGP. Four species from 114 identified tree species i.e. Schima wallichii, Altingia excelsa, Vaccinium varingiaefolium, and Castanopsis acuminatissima represented 56.96% of the total biomass in the plot level. Furthermore, only 13% of trees from 1471 trees responsible for 61.4% of the total tree biomass in the plot level. However, small and large trees have similar significant contribution to the average biomass in the forest level i.e. 40.9% and 38.77%, respectively. These results suggest that only few species represent a huge amount of biomass. Both small and large trees play important role in the forest biomass of TNGGP.

Biomass Carbon Storage of Three Forests at Different Altitudes in Baotianman Mountain, Central China

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2463-2468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Qi ◽  
Shun Lei Peng ◽  
Chang Dong Chen ◽  
Gan Qing Zhao ◽  
Ya Hong Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Type ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Central China ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Different Altitudes

Basing on field data ofQuercus glandulifera var. brevipetiolataandQuercus variabilismixed forest (MF),Quercus aliena var. acutiserrataforest (QF1) andQuercus aliena var. acutiserrataforest (QF2) at different altitudes of Baotianman Mountain, we revealed biomass C storage of tree organs for each forest, and the distribution patterns of biomass C in different forests were also indicated. We found that total biomass C of forests decrease as altitude increase. The species mixed forest store more biomass C than others. However, biomass C storages at the scale 5m×5m vary dramatically for most of the plots. Biomass C storage in organs follows the law trunk>branch>root>leaf for all the three types of forests. It is interesting that biomass C of both above̶ and belowground are MF>QF1>QF2, whereas the ratios of aboveground/belowground biomass C are QF2 > QF1 > MF. Our results indicate that both altitude and forest type are key influence factors of forest biomass C in Baotianman Mountains.

scholarly journals Effect of thinning intensity on understory herbaceous diversity and biomass in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests of Changbai Mountain

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerong Wang ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Mo Zhou ◽  
Naiqian Guan ◽  
Yuwen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Herb Layer ◽  
Simpson Index ◽  
Thinning Intensity ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Understory Herb

Abstract Background Herbs are an important part of the forest ecosystem, and their diversity and biomass can reflect the restoration of vegetation after forest thinning disturbances. Based on the near-mature secondary coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in Jilin Province Forestry Experimental Zone, this study analyzed seasonal changes of species diversity and biomass of the understory herb layer after different intensities of thinning. Results The results showed that although the composition of herbaceous species and the ranking of importance values were affected by thinning intensity, they were mainly determined by seasonal changes. Across the entire growing season, the species with the highest importance values in thinning treatments included Carex pilosa, Aegopodium alpestre, Meehania urticifolia, and Filipendula palmata, which dominated the herb layer of the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest. The number of species, Margalef index, Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index all had their highest values in May, and gradually decreased with months. Pielou index was roughly inverted “N” throughout the growing season. Thinning did not increase the species diversity. Thinning can promote the total biomass, above- and below-ground biomass. The number of plants per unit area and coverage were related to the total biomass, above- and below-ground biomass. The average height had a significantly positive correlation with herb biomass in May but not in July. However, it exerted a significantly negative correlation with herb biomass in September. The biomass in the same month increased with increasing thinning intensity. Total herb biomass, above- and below-ground biomass showed positive correlations with Shannon-Winner index, Simpson index and Pielou evenness index in May. Conclusions Thinning mainly changed the light environment in the forest, which would improve the plant diversity and biomass of herb layer in a short time. And different thinning intensity had different effects on the diversity of understory herb layer. The findings provide theoretical basis and reference for reasonable thinning and tending in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests.

scholarly journals Tree height integrated into pantropical forest biomass estimates

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3381-3403 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Feldpausch ◽  
J. Lloyd ◽  
S. L. Lewis ◽  
R. J. W. Brienen ◽  
M. Gloor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Guiana Shield ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Continental Scale

Abstract. Aboveground tropical tree biomass and carbon storage estimates commonly ignore tree height (H). We estimate the effect of incorporating H on tropics-wide forest biomass estimates in 327 plots across four continents using 42 656 H and diameter measurements and harvested trees from 20 sites to answer the following questions: 1. What is the best H-model form and geographic unit to include in biomass models to minimise site-level uncertainty in estimates of destructive biomass? 2. To what extent does including H estimates derived in (1) reduce uncertainty in biomass estimates across all 327 plots? 3. What effect does accounting for H have on plot- and continental-scale forest biomass estimates? The mean relative error in biomass estimates of destructively harvested trees when including H (mean 0.06), was half that when excluding H (mean 0.13). Power- and Weibull-H models provided the greatest reduction in uncertainty, with regional Weibull-H models preferred because they reduce uncertainty in smaller-diameter classes (≤40 cm D) that store about one-third of biomass per hectare in most forests. Propagating the relationships from destructively harvested tree biomass to each of the 327 plots from across the tropics shows that including H reduces errors from 41.8 Mg ha−1 (range 6.6 to 112.4) to 8.0 Mg ha−1 (−2.5 to 23.0). For all plots, aboveground live biomass was −52.2 Mg ha−1 (−82.0 to −20.3 bootstrapped 95% CI), or 13%, lower when including H estimates, with the greatest relative reductions in estimated biomass in forests of the Brazilian Shield, east Africa, and Australia, and relatively little change in the Guiana Shield, central Africa and southeast Asia. Appreciably different stand structure was observed among regions across the tropical continents, with some storing significantly more biomass in small diameter stems, which affects selection of the best height models to reduce uncertainty and biomass reductions due to H. After accounting for variation in H, total biomass per hectare is greatest in Australia, the Guiana Shield, Asia, central and east Africa, and lowest in east-central Amazonia, W. Africa, W. Amazonia, and the Brazilian Shield (descending order). Thus, if tropical forests span 1668 million km2 and store 285 Pg C (estimate including H), then applying our regional relationships implies that carbon storage is overestimated by 35 Pg C (31–39 bootstrapped 95% CI) if H is ignored, assuming that the sampled plots are an unbiased statistical representation of all tropical forest in terms of biomass and height factors. Our results show that tree H is an important allometric factor that needs to be included in future forest biomass estimates to reduce error in estimates of tropical carbon stocks and emissions due to deforestation.

scholarly journals Impacts of Alternative Harvesting and Natural Disturbance Scenarios on Forest Biomass in the Superior National Forest, USA

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Russell ◽  
Stephanie Patton ◽  
David Wilson ◽  
Grant Domke ◽  
Katie Frerker
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Natural Disturbance ◽  
Timber Harvest ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Natural Disturbances ◽  
Project Area

The amount of biomass stored in forest ecosystems is a result of past natural disturbances, forest management activities, and current structure and composition such as age class distributions. Although natural disturbances are projected to increase in their frequency and severity on a global scale in the future, forest management and timber harvesting decisions continue to be made at local scales, e.g., the ownership or stand level. This study simulated potential changes in natural disturbance regimes and their interaction with timber harvest goals across the Superior National Forest (SNF) in northeastern Minnesota, USA. Forest biomass stocks and stock changes were simulated for 120 years under three natural disturbance and four harvest scenarios. A volume control approach was used to estimate biomass availability across the SNF and a smaller project area within the SNF (Jeanette Project Area; JPA). Results indicate that under current harvest rates and assuming disturbances were twice that of normal levels resulted in reductions of 2.62 to 10.38% of forest biomass across the four primary forest types in the SNF and JPA, respectively. Under this scenario, total biomass stocks remained consistent after 50 years at current and 50% disturbance rates, but biomass continued to decrease under a 200%-disturbance scenario through 120 years. In comparison, scenarios that assumed both harvest and disturbance were twice that of normal levels and resulted in reductions ranging from 14.18 to 29.85% of forest biomass. These results suggest that both natural disturbances and timber harvesting should be considered to understand their impacts to future forest structure and composition. The implications from simulations like these can provide managers with strategic approaches to determine the economic and ecological outcomes associated with timber harvesting and disturbances.

Forest Biomass Estimation Based on Forest Inventory Data in Middle and Last Scales

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
Ming Ze Li ◽  
Wen Yi Fan ◽  
Ying Yu
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Biomass Equation ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Forest Inventory Data ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon

The forest biomass (which is referred to the arbor aboveground biomass in this research) is one of the most primary factors to determine the forest ecosystem carbon storages. There are many kinds of estimating methods adapted to various scales. It is a suitable method to estimate forest biomass of the farm or the forestry bureau in middle and last scales. First each subcompartment forest biomass should be estimated, and then the farm or the forestry bureau forest biomass was estimated. In this research, based on maoershan farm region, first the single tree biomass equation of main tree species was established or collected. The biomass of each specie was calculated according to the materials of tally, such as height, diameter and so on in the forest inventory data. Secondly, each specie’s biomass and total biomass in subcompartment were calculated according to the tree species composition in forest management investigation data. Thus the forest biomass spatial distribution was obtained by taking subcompartment as a unit. And last the forest total biomass was estimated.

Modeling tropical montane forest biomass, productivity and canopy traits with multispectral remote sensing data

2019 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 77-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine I.B. Wallis ◽  
Jürgen Homeier ◽  
Jaime Peña ◽  
Roland Brandl ◽  
Nina Farwig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Tropical Montane Forest ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Multispectral Remote Sensing

scholarly journals Non-wood Forest Products Based on Extractives- A New Opportunity for Canadian Forest Industry Part 2- Softwood Forest Species

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Royer ◽  
Robert Houde ◽  
Tatjana Stevanovic
Keyword(s):  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Existing Data

<p>Forest resources are among the most important of Canada (in the case of Quebec, nearly 90% of the territory). Innovation represents an essential challenge for the Canadian forest industry, which is presently undergoing major changes towards finding new solutions for recovery. The processing of forest biomass has become increasingly relevant along with the popular concept of biorefineries. This concept should include the development of novel technologies based on forest extractives. Bioactive molecules are readily available through eco-friendly extraction processes using various types of forest residues including barks which are generated in significant quantities by the industry. This literature review offers a glimpse into the softwood boreal forest with a particular focus on industrial species. We are adopting an ethno-pharmacological approach prior to presenting existing data on bioactive molecules from various sources, along with results from our own laboratory. In conclusion, this paper clearly demonstrates the need for further research on bioactive molecules from Canadian forest species since there remains an important lack of reliable data.</p>

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