Comprehensive Pricing Model of Urban Traffic Air Pollution Based on Bi-Level Programming

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 1913-1917
Author(s):  
Ze Bin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Pricing Model ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
The Relationship

In order to reduce the negative impact of urban traffic air pollution, this paper firstly analyzes the relationship between urban traffic air pollution and vehicle speed, after providing the relationship model, the paper establishes a comprehensive pricing model of urban traffic air pollution based on bi-level programming, the model considers the traffic air pollution pricing, and includes the factors of congestion pricing, bus fee, pricing revenue redistribution on improvement of public transport services and the expansion of road capacity. The case study shows that the implementation of comprehensive pricing of urban traffic air pollution can reduce traffic pollution and unreasonable traffic flow, which is conducive to the sustainable development of the city.

Is There Racial Discrimination in Police Stop-and-Searches of Black Youth? A Toronto Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunliang Meng ◽  
Sulaimon Giwa ◽  
Uzo Anucha
Keyword(s):  
Racial Profiling ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Black Youth ◽  
White People ◽  
Neighbourhood Level ◽  
Neighbourhood Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Race And Place ◽  
Stop And Search

Our study investigated racial profiling of Black youth in Toronto and linked this racial profiling to urban disadvantage theory, which highlights neighbourhood-level processes. Our findings provide empirical evidence suggesting that because of racial profiling, Black youth are subject to disproportionately more stops for gun-, traffic-, drug-, and suspicious activity-related reasons. Moreover, they show that drug-related stop-and-searches of Black youth occur most excessively in neighbourhoods where more White people reside and are less disadvantaged, demonstrating that race-and-place profiling of Black youth exists in police stop-and-search practices. This study shows that the theoretical literature in sociology on neighbourhood characteristics can contribute to an understanding of the relationship between race and police stops in the context of neighbourhood. It also discusses the negative impact of racial profiling on Black youth.

Case Study of Nanjing Inner Ring on Air Pollution Dispersion from Roadway Tunnel Portals

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1895-1900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Jiang Miao ◽  
Da Fang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Lagrangian Model ◽  
Pollution Dispersion ◽  
Piecewise Function ◽  
Air Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Air Pollution Dispersion

The tunnel module of a rather simple Lagrangian model GRAL (Grazer Langrange model) has been chosen to study air pollutant dispersion around tunnel portals in Nanjing inner ring. Two points have been made to popularize GRAL3.5TM (the tunnel module of a Lagrangian model GRAL; the update was in May 2003) and assure it more suitable for the actual situations in Nanjing. One is to derive a piecewise function of the intermediate parameter ‘stiffness’. Another is to take Romberg NOx-NO2 scheme into account. After these 2 works on GRAL3.5TM, NO2 dispersion from portals of all the 6 tunnels in Nanjing inner ring has been simulated. The importance of limiting urban traffic volume to control air quality around tunnel portals and roadways has been emphasized.

scholarly journals Is There Racial Discrimination in Police Stop-and-Searches of Black Youth? A Toronto Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-148
Author(s):  
Yunliang Meng ◽  
Sulaimon Giwa ◽  
Uzo Anucha
Keyword(s):  
Racial Profiling ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Black Youth ◽  
White People ◽  
Neighbourhood Level ◽  
Neighbourhood Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Race And Place ◽  
Stop And Search

Our study investigated racial profiling of Black youth in Toronto and linked this racial profiling to urban disadvantage theory, which highlights neighbourhood-level processes. Our findings provide empirical evidence suggesting that because of racial profiling, Black youth are subject to disproportionately more stops for gun-, traffic-, drug-, and suspicious activity-related reasons. Moreover, they show that drug-related stop-and-searches of Black youth occur most excessively in neighbourhoods where more White people reside and are less disadvantaged, demonstrating that race-and-place profiling of Black youth exists in police stop-and-search practices. This study shows that the theoretical literature in sociology on neighbourhood characteristics can contribute to an understanding of the relationship between race and police stops in the context of neighbourhood. It also discusses the negative impact of racial profiling on Black youth.

scholarly journals Relationship between urban tourism traffic and tourism land use: A case study of Xiamen Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 761-776
Author(s):  
Yueer Gao ◽  
Yanqing Liao ◽  
Donggen Wang ◽  
Yongguang Zou
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Tourism ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The development of tourism leads to changes in land-use demands and patterns, which are complex and dynamic, in tourist cities. Functional differences in land use produce different travel needs and have different impacts on traffic, especially on tourism. This paper explores the relationship between tourism land use and tourism traffic. Taking Xiamen Island as an example, using multivariable linear regression models, tourism land use is divided into accommodation land use, shopping land use and restaurant land use as the independent variables of the model; and the origin-destination (OD) density of traffic analysis zones (TAZs) during National Day in 2018 (October 1 to 5) is chosen as the dependent variable. To compare the different impacts between tourism land use and tourism traffic during the tourism and non-tourism periods, the non-tourism period (March 11 to 15) is further studied. The results show the following: (1) Xiamen, as a tourism city, has not only regular traffic but also tourism traffic, and traffic during the tourism period is totally different than that in the non-tourism period. (2) Tourism land use has a considerable impact on both tourism traffic and non-tourism traffic, but the impact is greater during the tourism period than the non-tourism period. (3) In the morning peak hour of both the tourism period and the non-tourism period, accommodation land use shows prominent effects on traffic. In the evening peak hour, shopping land use significantly impacts traffic. The study provides a basis for urban tourism land use adjustment to achieve the sustainable development of tourism traffic.

scholarly journals Urban Mobility and City Logistics – Trends and Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Rezende Amaral ◽  
Ivana Šemanjski ◽  
Sidharta Gautama ◽  
El-Houssaine Aghezzaf
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
City Logistics ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Travel Times ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Goods And Services

Improving urban mobility is crucial to the sustainable development of a city. Well-managed movement of individuals, goods, and services is essential to increase citizens’ welfare, not only by reducing travel times and congestion levels, but also by minimizing air pollution, noise, accidents, etc. To achieve the desired results, the objectives and scope of the optimization efforts have become broader in recent years. Instead of focusing only on the flows and on the network itself, research and projects have connected various areas of economy to traffic management, such as public health and logistic optimization. In this work we discuss the interconnections between urban mobility and city logistics, and present a case study showing how the mobility plan implemented in Ghent (Belgium) in April 2017 affected its logistic system.

Green Logistics and Social Sustainable Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 2180-2184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan Zhao ◽  
Ya Jing Gu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Green Logistics ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Relationship

With the development of the economy, the logistics activities on the ecological devastation of the environment such as air pollution, noise pollution, waste of resources, traffic congestion, increased waste, has also become more and more serious, and all the consequences to a certain extent, contrary to the principles of social sustainable development. The sustainable development theory as the guide, making great efforts to develop green logistic, and analysis the relationship between green logistics and social sustainable development. On the basis of studying our logistics status, exploring effective approaches to develop green logistics.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Relationship between the Environment and User’s Behavior on Unimproved Streets: A Case Study of Da Nang City, Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duy Do ◽  
Suguru Mori ◽  
Rie Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Behavior Setting ◽  
Street Space ◽  
Type C ◽  
The Relationship

One of the most insoluble problems confronted by urban areas in developing countries is the shortage of open space; street space allows daily human activities, promotes social interaction, and is seen as a precondition for the sustainable development of the community. Although some seemingly public space is also built up in Vietnam, street space is often where resident’s go to perform activities. This research aims at studying behaviors of users in old street space and the interaction with existing physical settings; as an input to future renovation and the development of street space in a manner that respects the cultural and social context of the Vietnamese people. User’s behaviors in streets and physical characteristics of space were collected and processed in accordance with theories of behavior setting and proxemics using some methods including place-centered behavioral mapping (PcBM) and visual encounter surveys (VES). The analysis showed that three types of behavior, including (1) Type A where various frequent activities occurred, (2) Type B which discouraged most human activities, and (3) Type C where neither frequent nor infrequent behaviors can represent environmental behavior patterns in the old street spaces of Vietnam and for each of these types of patterns improvements have been proposed by organizing street and pavements layouts detailed in this paper. The proposed improvements are based on the relationship between human behaviors and properties of the street space to assist designers, administers, and authorities in renovating and developing better and more sustainable street space.

scholarly journals The Competitiveness of Manufacturing and Its Driving Factors: A Case Study of G20 Participating Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1143
Author(s):  
Zixin Dou ◽  
BeiBei Wu ◽  
Yanming Sun ◽  
Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Transport Services

With the rapid development of high quality industries, it is particularly important to study the sustainable competitiveness of manufacturing and its driving factors. The aim of this paper is to build the whole competitiveness index to analyze the recent development trends of manufacturing in G20 participating countries from 2008 to 2018. Meanwhile, based on the diamond theory, this paper adopted a panel regression model to conduct an empirical analysis on various factors that affect the sustainable competitiveness of manufacturing. These results showed the following: (1) Transport services have the most significant effect on manufacturing in developing countries. (2) Intellectual property only has a positive and significant effect on manufacturing in developed countries. (3) Information technology plays a significant role in all countries, but it is more effective in developed countries. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions for the sustainable development of manufacturing.

scholarly journals "Big digital" bank vs local bank: How to cope with the controversial situations?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Paoloni ◽  
Giorgia Mattei ◽  
Niccolo’ Paoloni ◽  
Valentina Santolamazza
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Strategic Management Process ◽  
The Relationship

The Italian banking system has changed profoundly and nowadays banks have to adapt their strategies to attain an adequate level of profitability (Mattei, 2019). Digitalization and mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are useful to obtain this result. However, at the same time, they can have a negative impact on the relationship between the bank and the territory, compromising the local economic growth (Caporale, Di Colli, Di Salvo, & Lopez, 2016). The objective of this work is to understand if any strategies could be undertaken to maintain the territorial relationship even when M&A and digitalization have become necessary. The methodology used is an ethnographic exploratory single case study (Yin, 1984). The information collected using semi-structured interviews is interpreted through qualitative inductive content analysis (Elo & Kyngäs, 2008). The interviews suggest that even when M&A and digitalization have a negative impact on the relationship between bank and territory, these two processes, if well-managed, could both improve the bank’s profitability and the contact with the local reality. Therefore, if a strategic management process is defined in advance, it is possible to maintain, or, even gain profitability

scholarly journals Awareness of Air Pollution and Ecosystem Services Provided by Trees: The Case Study of Warsaw City

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10611
Author(s):  
Karolina Kais ◽  
Marlena Gołaś ◽  
Marzena Suchocka
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City

One of the consequences of the constant urban development in numerous countries is a growing concentration of air pollution, which adversely affects both the environment and people’s health. One of the ways of changing this negative trend is to maintain green areas and trees within cities, as they serve many ecosystem functions, including biological absorption of particles and other types of air pollution. This article provides the findings of a study carried out among the residents of Warsaw, the capital of Poland, in order to assess social awareness of air pollution and the importance of trees. The study of the residents’ awareness was supplemented with the assessment of the parameters of the trees’ capacity for pollution absorption in selected locations performed with the help of the i-Tree Eco tool, which allowed the authors to compare the residents’ impressions on the role of trees in the process of absorption of pollution with their actual potential. The analyses showed that the majority of city residents are concerned with the problem of air in the city, but at the same time failing to notice its negative impact on their health. The majority of respondents were not aware of the role the trees play in the process of pollution absorption, suggesting that there is a real need for raising social awareness of functions served by trees and green areas in urban spaces. The comparison of the city residents’ opinions on the importance of trees in the process of pollution absorption with objective data obtained with the help of i-Tree Eco tool shows that the majority of people’s impressions of pollution absorption by trees in urban areas is correct.

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