Electrochemical Evaluation Method for Soil Corrosion Properties in Grid Substation

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 811-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Pei ◽  
Jing Fu ◽  
Fa Yuan Wu ◽  
Lei Jing Wang ◽  
Xiao Lei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Corrosion Failure ◽  
Soil Corrosion ◽  
Grounding Grids ◽  
Soil Corrosivity ◽  
Electrochemical Evaluation

Soil corrosion is the main reason of corrosion failure for substation grounding grids. To explore electrochemical evaluation method for soil corrosion of substation grounding grids would effectively ensure the safe operation of power grids. This paper discussed the main several kinds of soil corrosive electrochemical research methods and application. These methods played an important role on researching soil corrosion mechanism, soil corrosivity and corrosion behavior.

scholarly journals Research Advances of Soil Corrosion of Grounding Grids

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Yuxiang Liao ◽  
Xue Gao ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Stray Current ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Soil Corrosion ◽  
Grounding Grid ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Grounding Grids ◽  
The Impact

A grounding grid plays the role of discharging current and balancing voltage to ensure the safety of the power system. However, soil corrosion can damage the grounding grid, which then can endanger the safe operation of power system. This paper reviewed recent research advances of soil corrosion of grounding grid. The cause, mechanism, types, and influencing factors of soil corrosion of grounding grids were summarized, and the corresponding detection technology and protective measures were also introduced. The paper pointed out that soil corrosion is a serious threat to the grounding grid system. Moreover, the impact mechanism of AC stray current, new corrosion detection technology, and better protective measures still need in-depth research.

An Overview of Cu Wire Intermetallic Compound Formation and a Corrosion Failure Mechanism

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Meng ◽  
Laura Buck ◽  
James Cargo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Corrosion Failure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Intermetallic Compound Formation ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Low K

Abstract Cu needs a higher level of ultrasound combined with bonding force to be bonded to the Al pad properly, not just because Cu is harder than Au, but it is also harder to initiate intermetallic compounds (IMC) formation during bonding. This increases the chances of damaging the metal/low k stack under the bondpad. This paper presents a fundamental study of IMC as well as one example of a failure mode of Cu/Al bonded devices, all based on detailed analysis using scanning electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometers, and transmission electron microscopy. It presents a case study showing a corrosion mechanism of Cu/Al ballbond after 168hr UHAST stress. It is observed that all Cu9Al4 was consumed, while very little copper aluminide remained after 168 hours of UHAST stressing.

Research of Pipeline Weld Detection Based on Magnetic Memory Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 940 ◽  
pp. 222-225
Author(s):  
Fei Fei Long ◽  
Jian Zeng Wang ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Jun Ru Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Strain State ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Magnetic Memory ◽  
Metal Magnetic Memory ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Detection Evaluation ◽  
Metal Magnetic Memory Method ◽  
Testing Work

Ensuring the safe operation of pipeline and monitoring it to prevent sudden accidents are an important task of current nondestructive testing work because of our country is in the peak period of long-distance pipeline construction. Welding cracks are common and most dangerous flaw in the root of the failure of the welded joints . Metal magnetic memory method is the only viable detection , evaluation method currently used for diagnosing the stress-strain state of serving welding crack in the early stages. So this article designs weld cracks of the general pipeline, establish a method to detect pipeline weld crack by metal magnetic memory method.

scholarly journals Evaluation method of clean power grid development mode

2021 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Bingqi Jiao ◽  
Zhicheng Xu ◽  
Kuan Zheng ◽  
Xiaoqing Yan ◽  
Junshu Feng
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Grid Construction ◽  
Development Evaluation ◽  
Relative Change

In response to the climate change, it has been becoming the consensus of most countries in the world to accelerate the development of a high proportion of clean energy. The power grid is the core to support the development of a high proportion of clean energy, and the key is to accelerate the construction of clean power grids. This paper focuses on the main characteristics of clean power grid construction, and proposes a set of clean power grid development evaluation indicators including 5 first-level indicators and 19 second-level indicators and an analysis method based on radar charts. Taking China Power Grid as an example, this paper analyzes in detail the characteristics of the medium and long-term development mode of clean power grids and the relative change trends of specific indicators, and discusses the key links and potential problems that need attention in the development of clean power grids.

Research on Tunnel Interior Zone Luminance Evaluation Method and its Application

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 929-934
Author(s):  
Jing Bi Hu ◽  
Da Guo ◽  
Xiao Qin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Luminance Threshold ◽  
Traffic Environment ◽  
Interior Zone ◽  
Driver Workload ◽  
Driving Workload ◽  
Driving Fatigue

Because of the special traffic environment, the tunnel is called a bottleneck on the highway sections; there is a huge risk of safe operation. Tunnel interior zone lighting plays an important role in the tunnel; good lighting can eliminate depression and driving fatigue of the driver in the tunnel. In this paper, freeway tunnel interior zone lighting is as the research object. We analyzed the driver's demand for freeway tunnel interior zone lighting and transformed illumination to luminance in the model of driver workload, operating speed and the illumination. And this model is established by our group. According to comfortable and relatively comfortable driving workload intense threshold, we can get the safe and comfortable luminance threshold of tunnel interior zone. This paper proposed a detection and evaluation method in freeway tunnel interior zone luminance, and the method have been applied and verified on one freeway in south China.

Summary of the Stability Chanllenges and Safe Operation of Power Systems in View of Dispatching

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 1588-1591
Author(s):  
Xiang Dong Zhao ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Ming Jun Lv ◽  
Jian Guo Liu ◽  
Feng Zhen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Continuous Power ◽  
Grid Market

The Internet and the gradual implementation of the continuous power grid market in recent years make the power system more complex under different operating environment. Safe and stable operation of power grids have become increasingly important . With the rapidf development of the grid and constant innovation, safe and stable operation also has a new requirement , because the rapid development of the power system brings more This paper analyzes the causes of blackouts and reviews security of the power system stability problems related to measures on the security and stability of the power system operation .

Risk Assessment of Relay Protection Setting Value in Power Plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 373-375 ◽  
pp. 1345-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong Jiang Mu ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Shao Bo Yan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Relay Protection ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Protection Device ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Risk Assessment And Analysis

Power plant relay protection setting value of the hidden harm causes of relay protection device is not correct, safe and stable operation of the power plant. In this paper, from the angle of the safe operation of power plant, the hidden danger to plant with the protection setting is studied and then the risk evaluation method of power plant relay protection setting values of hidden trouble is proposed. From the power plant relay protection setting value considering two aspects of probability and consequences of potential outbreak of different values, value potential risk is considered, and of a certain power plant in Hubei was made the risk assessment and analysis, in order to verify the theoretical rationality and accuracy.

Corrosion Properties of 20# Pipelines Steel in Near-Neutral Soils

2010 ◽  
Vol 129-131 ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Wen He Wang ◽  
Jun Yi ◽  
Shi Ming Shen
Keyword(s):  
Open Circuit Potential ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Cathode Area ◽  
Neutral Soil ◽  
Anode Area

Corrosion law and mechanism of 20# low-carbon steel in near-neutral soil along Yangtze River in Nanjing are studied by experiments of buried specimens in laboratory. In three kinds of soils, the corrosion features and products are analyzed by EDS and XRD, and the relation of corrosion rates, open-circuit potential and polarization curve with times are tested. The results indicated that corrosion rates changed incessantly along. On the condition of the same times, specimens and different soil samples, the corrosive degree of 1# and 2# specimens are serious, but 3# specimen is serious lightly. The corrosion products are main non-crystalloid, Fe (OH) 3 and Fe2O3.The changing tendency of different times and soils is different, and accordant with that of corrosion rates. The corrosion mechanism is discussed lastly, in near-neutral soils, oxygen is deoxidized and OH- ions are created in cathode area, iron is oxidized and the hydration of Fe2+ ions is created with water from soil in anode area, and Fe2+ are converted into more steady products Fe（OH）3 and Fe2O3.

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