Study on Compilation and Application of Engineering Cost Index for Construction Project in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 2233-2237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Ke ◽  
Rui Zhu Wu ◽  
Gao Feng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Control Engineering ◽  
Construction Market ◽  
The Core ◽  
Engineering Cost ◽  
Edge Tool

Engineering cost index is one of the core tools to reflect the change of supply and demand in construction market and the level of productivity development. This paper comprehensively analyzes the actuality of compilation and application of engineering cost index from some representative provinces and cities in China, and systematically introduces and contrasts the application of engineering cost index in developed and developing countries or regions, providing reference for the engineering cost index during the transition to market economy in our country in the transition period, making it the edge tool to control engineering cost in a reasonable way.

Sismondi’s Price Theory: From a Liberating to a Despotic Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-720
Author(s):  
Pascal Bridel
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Price Theory ◽  
Analytical Issue ◽  
Ricardian Approach ◽  
Wealth Of Nations

This article examines the evolution of Sismondi’s price theory as well as his concept of market from 1803 to 1838. Sismondi’s early 1803 price theory in terms of supply and demand is first examined and contrasted with that of Smith in the Wealth of Nations. The progressive alterations brought to this initial formulation are discussed with the help of the relevant chapters from Nouveaux Principes ([1819] 1827) and from Études (1836–1838). In price theory terms, throughout the years Sismondi grew more and more skeptical about the process through which these prices would come about. Connecting this analytical issue with his concept of republican justice, he comes to the conclusion that a market economy characterized by unlimited competition will never lead to a socially desirable solution: such an order is neither efficient, nor natural or spontaneous and political economy is not morally neutral. In short, for Sismondi, the market never stood alone while, for him, the Ricardian approach gave nearly exclusive pride of place to market in the pursuit of wealth and happiness.

Diagnosis of Current Employment in Architectural Student Responding to Korean Construction Market

2012 ◽  
Vol 450-451 ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Sang Chul Kim ◽  
Jae Hyun Lim ◽  
Jun Ho Park ◽  
Tae Hwa Jung
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Major Area ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Construction Market

Construction market in Korea has been decreased for 3 or 4 years, and it brought the problem in supply and demand of workforce. Therefore, new workforce in construction industry could not been enter, and some of them have been employed in non-major area. This research intends to analyze construction industry as well as demand and status of construction companies and to diagnose status of new workforce for architectural works, and a survey is conducted for enrolled students and graduates to diagnose problems of current status in order to suggest the alternatives in Korea.

scholarly journals The macroeconomics of COVID-19: a two-sector interpretation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Halvor Mehlum ◽  
Ragnar Torvik
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Liquidity Constraints ◽  
Market Economies ◽  
New Type

For a developed market economy, the COVID-19 crisis is a new type of crisis, but such a crisis has parallels with economies at other times, and with crises in many places. We discuss some mechanisms from the traditional macro literature and from the literature on macroeconomics for developing countries. Phenomena such as bottlenecks, rationing, forced savings, production constrained by access to inputs, liquidity constraints, sector heterogeneity, and costs running despite production being shut down, are all permanent phenomena in developing countries. During the COVID-19 crisis, however, they have also emerged as key mechanisms in developed market economies. We discuss some of these well-developed but partially forgotten mechanisms by extending simple textbook descriptions, and we provide some examples of how the effects of policy are changed in a time of crisis.

scholarly journals The Normative Connotation and Legal Guarantee of Market Economy in China's Constitution

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Economic Equality ◽  
The Core ◽  
Market Economic

At this stage, the market economy has become an important force to promote China's economic development. Consolidating the core of market economic development, namely, economic equality and economic freedom, is an inevitable requirement for upholding and improving China's basic economic system, and it is also an important aspect of the country's strong guarantee for market economic development. Therefore, it is necessary to research the meaning of the market economy in the constitution, and at the same time clarify the constitutional norms’ obligation to guarantee the implementation of state agencies to provide adequate constitutional guarantees for the development of the market economy.

scholarly journals Research on the Role of Business Administration in Enterprise Transformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Yuncheng Shang
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Business Administration ◽  
Core Competitiveness ◽  
The Core ◽  
Development Direction ◽  
Enterprise Transformation ◽  
The Core Competitiveness ◽  
Stable Development

<p>Business administration plays an important role in the development of enterprises in transition. It can provide correct development direction for enterprises, give corresponding scientific guidance, and improve the core competitiveness of enterprises, which is conducive to the stable development of China’s market economy and improve China’s comprehensive strength. This article puts forward the research on the role of business administration in enterprise transformation. By analyzing the content and characteristics of business administration, it points out the role of business administration in enterprise transformation and market economy development, so that enterprises can face up to the role of business administration and actively cooperate to provide a strong guarantee for their own development.</p>

scholarly journals Fostering a Culture of Reading through School Libraries: Room to Read’s Experience in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunisha Ahuja ◽  
Ami Ehrlich ◽  
Julie Maurin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Education ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Library ◽  
School Libraries ◽  
Reading Room ◽  
The Core ◽  
Student Assessments ◽  
Core Components

Since 2003, Room to Read, an international education NGO, has been working in India to help foster a culture of reading in schools through the establishment of over 1500 school libraries. This paper outlines the evolution Room to Read’s Reading Room program in India as an example of how school library programs can address the reading challenges of children in developing countries. The focus of the paper is on Room to Read India’s Primary Reading Enhancement Program (PREP), which will be piloted in the Reading Room program in 2008. The goal of PREP is to have a significant impact on the way reading is taught in primary schools in India. Details are provided on the approach, materials, activities, parent and community participation, government participation, and student assessments that make up the core components of the PREP design.

scholarly journals Peranan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan sebagai pilar pendidikan hak asasi manusia

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Warsono Warsono
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Civics Education ◽  
The Core ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Democratic Principle

Human Rights are a fundamental problem in every country. especially in the developing countries such as Indonesia. Even though, the state had given protection of human right for everybody, but in Indonesia there are many breakdowns of it. As a democratic state, Indonesia has to regard human right. It is because the human rights were the core of democratic principle. So, the human rights must be trained in the school for every student. By using this way, everybody can know what their rights and obligations very well Civics education can be a vehicle for this goal, because it's one of lessons that talk about human rights and be learned in all school.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE INTERACTION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES WITH BANKS IN THE PROCESS OF CREDIT INTERRELATIONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Ihor HUTSAL
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Financial Intermediation ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Financial Contracts ◽  
Effective Collaboration ◽  
Market Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Expediency

Introduction. The article outlines the directions of interaction of SMEs with banks, attention is focused on mutually beneficial cooperation of entities market economy because of the interdependence of their relationship. It is confirmed that the interaction between SMEs and banks in the process of financial intermediation is carried out by mutual influence that happens within the existing communications and is accompanied by the exchange of resources and their obligations based on operational needs and financial capabilities and economic feasibility. Purpose. For effective collaboration and interaction between SMEs and banks it is necessary to implement the motivational principles at the regional level through the development of market infrastructure. On the first phase should be solved the problem of matching supply and demand of credit resources, mainly through refinancing of banks according to the needs of SMEs. Results. The next phase requires implementation of customer-oriented strategy of SMEs’ needs on the part of banks by systematization and standardization of banking products. Ideal variants for meeting the needs of SME banking products – are special loan programs, which are clustered approaches indeed. Conclusion. It is proved that the interaction of SMEs and banks is carried out by mutual influence between them in the process of sharing resources and obligations within financial contracts. Such interaction is based on operational needs and financial possibilities, economic expediency.

scholarly journals The International Legal Regime for Biotechnology Patenting: an Appraisal from the Standpoint of Developing Countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-325
Author(s):  
Jean-Faustin Badimboli Atibasay
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
The Core ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Biological Innovations ◽  
Ipr Protection

The development of biotechnology, which promises many economic opportunities, has revived the debate over the ownership of biological resources and its derivatives, as well as the sharing of the benefits which derive from its multiple applications. At the core of the debate, is the recent marriage between intellectual property rights (IPR) and international trade, within the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO). In this context, the need of developed countries to prevent trade distortions due to the lack of adequate IPR protection in developing countries, is weighed against the need to promote local interests in these countries. However, the legal impact of recent multilateral agreements, which address biological innovations, is still subject to controversy. An assessment of these instruments reveals divergent approaches to the issues which divide the parties concerned. This results in ambiguities and conflicts with respect to relevant provisions of these agreements. From a wide range of possible solutions discussed, industrial and developing countries might consider to review the disputed provisions in a way that attempts to harmonise the agreements and render legal implications of their respective initiatives in this area more predictable.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document